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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Activation-synthesis theory |
A theory that says that dreams do not send any particular function-they are merely a byproduct of REM neural activity |
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Agonist |
A drug that increases the activity of a neurotransmitter |
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Alpha waves |
Waves that signify that you're feeling relaxed and drowsy (brain waves slow down) |
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Antagonist |
A drug that inhibits or decreases the action of a neurotransmitter |
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Automatic (unconscious) processing |
Processing that can be performed without conscious awareness or effort |
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Beta waves |
Brain waves that signify when your brain is awake and alert |
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Blindsight |
People with agnosia are not blind, but those with a rare condition called ____ are blind in part of their visual field yet in special tests respond to stimuli in that field despite reporting that they can't see those stimuli |
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Blood-brain barrier |
A special lining of tightly packed cells that lets vital nutrients pass through so neurons can function |
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Circadian rhythms |
Daily biological cycles |
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Cognitive-process dream theories |
Theories that focus on the process of how we dream and propose that dreaming and waking thought are produced by the same mental systems in the brain |
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Compensatory responses |
Reactions to that of the drug |
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Consciousness |
Our moment-to-moment awareness of ourselves and our environment |
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Controlled (conscious) processing |
The conscious use of attention and effort |
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Delta waves |
Very slow (.5 to 2 cps) and large brain waves |
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Depressants |
Drugs that decrease nervous system activity |
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Dissociation theories (of hypnosis) |
Theories that view hypnosis as an altered state involving a division of consciousness |
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Divided attention |
The capacity to attend to and perform more than one activity at the same time |
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Evolutionary/circadian sleep models |
Models that emphasize that sleep's main purpose is to increase a species' chances of survival in relation to its environmental demands |
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Hallucinogens |
Powerful and mind-altering drugs that produce hallucinations |
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Hypnosis |
A procedure in which one person is guided by another to respond to suggestions for changes in subjective experience, alterations in perception, sensation, emotion, thought, or behavior |
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Hypnotic susceptibility scales |
Scales that contain a standard series of pass-fail suggestions that are read to a subject after a hypnotic induction |
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Insomnia |
Chronic difficulty in falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing restful sleep |
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Melatonin |
A hormone that has a relaxing effect on the body |
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Memory consolidation |
A gradual process by which the brain transfers information into long-term memory |
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Narcolepsy |
A sleep disorder that involves extreme daytime sleepiness and sudden, uncontrollable sleep attacks that may last from less than a minute to an hour |
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Night terrors |
Frightening dreams that arouse the sleeper to a near-panic state |
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Opiates |
Opium, and drugs derived from it, such as morphine, codeine, and heroin |
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Priming |
Exposure to a stimulus influences how you subsequently respond to that same or another stimulus |
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Problem-solving dream models |
Because dreams are not constrained by reality they can help us find creative solutions to our problems and ongoing concerns |
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REM sleep |
A sleep stage characterized by rapid eye movements, high arousal, and frequent dreaming |
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REM-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) |
A sleep disorder in which the loss of muscle tone that causes normal REM-sleep paralysis is absent |
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Restoration model |
Sleep recharges our run-down bodies and allows us to recover from physical and mental fatigue |
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Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) |
A cyclic tendency to become psychologically depressed during certain seasons of the year |
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Selective attention |
The process that focuses awareness on some stimuli to the exclusion of others |
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Sleep apnea |
To repeatedly stop and restart breathing during sleep |
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Slow-wave sleep |
Another name for stage 3 and stage 4 sleep |
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Social-cognitive theories (of hypnosis) |
Theories that propose that hypnotic experiences result from expectations of people who are motivated to take on the role of being hypnotized |
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Stimulants |
Drugs that increase neural firing and arouse the nervous system |
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Substance dependence |
A maladaptive pattern of substance use that causes a person significant distress or substantially impairs that person's life |
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Suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) |
What circadian rhythms are regulated by |
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THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) |
Marijuana's major active ingredient |
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Tolerance |
Decreasing responsivity to a drug |
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Visual agnosia |
An inability to visually recognize objects |
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Wish fulfillment |
The gratification of our unconscious desires and needs |
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Withdrawal |
Occurrence of compensatory responses after discontinued drug use |