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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Erikson's 4th stage is
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industry vs inferiority
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the sense of inadequacy can develop when ____ life has not prepared children for school life or when _____ and ____ destroy childrens feelings
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family, teacher, peer
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in middle childhood children describe themselves as:
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psychological traits, compare characterstics w/ other peers
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this age they change their observations of behaviors and internal states into general dipostions
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8-11
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judgements of their appearance,ablilites, and behavior in relation to those of others
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social comparision
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middle childhood children look to more _____ for info about themselves
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people
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at this age children have formed at least four broad self-evaluations: academic,social,physical/athletic, physical
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6 to 7
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self esteem declines during ____ years of elementary school
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first few
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from this grade on self esteem rised for the majority
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fourth
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what social influences might lead to self esteem high or low
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culture,child-rearing practices,attributes,
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common everday explanations for the causes of behavior
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attributes
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this attribution crediting their success to ability, they can improve through trying harder and failures to factors that can be changed
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mastery-oriented attributions
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this attribution children attribute their failures to ability, they conclude that external factors are responsible
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learned helplessness attributions
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this motivates children to take on further challenges whereas this prompts them to make amends and to strive for self-improvement
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pride, guilt
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at this age children become aware that they can experience more than one emotion at a time
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8 years old
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at this age they understand that pide combines two sources of happiness
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8 to 9
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at this age they can reconcile contradictory facial and situational cues in figuring out anothers feelings
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8 to 9
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rapid gains in ____ self-regulation occur in middle childhood
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emotional
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this coping they appraise the situation as changeable, identify the difficulty and decide what to do about it
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problem-centered
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this coping is internal, private and aimed at controlling distress when little can be done about an outcome
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emotion-centered coping
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this grade they begin to emphasize concern for others feelings
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third
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capacity to imagine what other people may be thinking and feeling
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perspective taking
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robert slemans five stage sequence believed that:
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over time children "step into another persons shoes" and reflect how that person might feel
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beliefs about how to divide material good fairly
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distributive justice
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the 3 stages of distributive justice is:
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strict equality- 5-6: focus on making sure you get same amount, merit- 6-7: extra rewards go to someone who worked hard for it, equity/benevolence-8: special consideration given to those at an disadvantage
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at this age children view freedom of speech and religion as individual rights
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6
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collectives that generate unique values and standards for behavior and a social structure of leaders and followers
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peer groups
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one to one friendships contribute to this
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trust
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likablitly the extent to which a classmate is viewed by a group of agemates such as classmates
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peer acceptance
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this type of child usually combine academic and social competence
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popular prosocial
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this type of child is athletically skilled but poor students who cause trouble
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popular antisocial
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this type of child is shows high rates of conflict, physical and relational aggression and hyperactive, inattentive and impulsive behavior
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rejected-aggression
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this type of child is passive and socially awkward
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rejected-withdrawn
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this % of children are bullies
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10 to 20
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this % are victims of bullyin
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15 to 30
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this % encourage bullyin
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20 to 30
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stereotyping of personality traits increases during this age
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11
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transitional form of supervision in which they exercise general oversight while permitting children to be in charge of moment by moment decision making
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coregulation
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sibling rivarly tends to increase during
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middle childhood
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this % of American and Candaian marriages divorce and have children
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45 and 30
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this amount of divorced parents remarry
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2/3
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series of meetings between divorcing adults and a trained professional aimed at reducing family conflict
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divorce mediation
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grants mother and father equal say in decision making
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joint custody
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this % of divorced parents remarry within a few years
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60
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children who regualarly look after themselves during after-school hours
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self-care children
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