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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychology is best defined as the ______________________.
a. emplirical study of the mind. b. study of individual defferences in human behavior. c. scientific study of behavior and mental processes. d. study of the relationship between mind and body. |
c. scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
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Covert behavior is __________.
a. anything a person does. b. only those things a perosn does which everyone can see. c. only those things that can be observed. d. only those things that are not observable by others. |
d. only those things that are not observable by others.
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Overt behavior is __________.
a.anything a person does. b. only those things a person does which everyone can see. c. only those things that can be observed. d. only those thing s that a person can see with his or her sense. |
c. only those things that can be observed.
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The goals of psychology are to ______________________.
a. develop effective methods of psychotherapy and cure mental illness. b. describe, understand, predict, and control behavior. c. explain animal and human dehavior. d. compare, analyze, and control human behavior. |
b. describe, understand, predict, and control behavior.
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Michelle has learned to avoid situations in which she tends to abuse alcohol. She is exercising the goal of ______.
a. understanding b. prediction c. explanation d. control |
d. control
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Stimuli, responses, conditioning and learning are key concepts in the thinking of ___________.
a. behavorist b. functionalists. c. structuralist d. psychoanalysts |
a. behaviorist
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Barbara is applying conditioning principles to teach sign language skills to a chimpanzee. As a
psychologist, her point to view appears to be _________. a. Freudian b. Gestalt c. Functionalist d. behaviorist |
d. behaviorist
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Psychoanalytic psychology differs from other approaches because it is based on ____.
a. animal reather thatn human models b. the idea of the unconscious c. introspection by trained subjects d. laboratory studies in controlled settings. |
b. the idea of the unconscious
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Repression refers to
a. thoughts held out of awareness because they are unimportant. b. thoughts held out of awareness because they are threatening. c. forgetfulness d. the fact that no thoughts, emotions, and actions are pre-determined. |
b. thoughts held out of awareness because they are threatening.
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You see a psychologist and tell her that you feeling depressed. The psychologist talks to you about your past and attempts to link your present situaltion with patterns developed in your childhood during your relationship with your parents. The pychologist would probably belong to which school of psychology?
a. humnaistic psychology b. psychodynamic psychology c. behaviorism d. gestalt psychology |
b. psychodynamic psychology
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According to the _____ view, the need for love, self esteem, belonging, self-expression, and creativity are as important as biological needs.
a. psychodynamic b. behavioristic c. humanistic d. cognitive |
c. humanistic
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The humanistic view point certers on ________.
a. free will and self-actualization. b. the unconscious c. the effects of reward and punishment d. natural selection and adaptation. |
a. free will and self-actualization.
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Self-evaluation refers to _____.
a. positive feelings you have about yourself b. negative feelings you have about yourself c. both a and b d. not of these |
c. both a and b
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Humanists seek to understand ________.
a. the role of rewards in controlling behavior. b. how people perceive themselves and experience the world. c. using talk therapy d. stressing the role of the unconscious. |
b. how people perceive themselves and experience the world.
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Eclectic psychologist are known for ________.
a. studying the brain and nervous system b. drawing a variety of theoretical views. c. using talk therapy d. stressing the role of the unconscious |
b. drawing a variety of theoretical views.
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The major persepective in psychology that views behavior in terms of the mental processing of imformation is the __________.
a. cognitive view. b. hunanistic view c. behavioristic view d. biopsychological view |
a. cognitive view.
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Perception, thinking, language, problem-solving, and creativity are topics of investigation for those interested in
a. cognitive psychology b. psychodynamic psychology c. gestalt psychology d. hunamistic psychology |
a. cognitive psychology
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Which of is not part of the scientic method?
a.defining a problem b.gathering evidence c.publishing results d.critiauing previous reseach. |
d.critiquing previous research.
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An educated guess about what is controlling some behavior is called ________.
a. experimental control b. a hypothesis c. an experimaental variable d. a theory |
b. a hypothesis
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In order to determine the cause of behavior, the questions we ask must be ____.
a. tentative b. testable. c. based on theory d. relevant |
b. testable.
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A psychologist using the method of naturalistic observation would _______.
a. carefully design ontrolled situations in which to observe behavior. b. relyon observations of subjects responses to questionnaires. c. observe behavior as it happens in actual setting outside the laboratory or clinic. d. make carefully records of the behavior of clients treated in the course of study. |
c. observe behavior as it happens in actual setting outside the laboratory or clinic.
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____________ variables are suspected causes in an experiment.
a. Independent b. dependent c. extraneous d. control |
a. Independent
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__________ variables measure the results of the experiment.
a. independent b. dependent c. extraneous d. control |
b. Dependent
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You go to a movie and leave your child with the babysitter. When you return, your child gets near you but resists touching you. Your child's behavior is suggestive of ____ attachment.
a. secure b. secure-avoidant c. insecure-avoidant d. insecure-ambivalent |
d. insecure-ambivalent
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_____ parents enforce rigid rules and demand strict obedience to authority.
a. authoritative b. Authoritarian c. overly permissive d. permissive |
b. Authoritarian
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______ parents provide firm an consistent guidance and encourage the cild to think, act responsibly, and make good decisions.
a. Authoriative b. authoritarian c. overly permissive d. permissive |
a. Authoriative
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_____ parents give little guidance and do not enforce rules or hold children accountable for their actions.
a. authoritative b. authoritarian c. Overly permissive d. permissive |
c. Overly permissive
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Zack is a competent, independent decision maker who exerts self control and acts responsibly. He probably has _____ parents.
a. authoritative b. authoritarian c. overly permissive d. permissive |
a. authoritative
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A child knows that when you take yellow paint an then mix in blue paint, you get green paint. When you ask her what color paint you get if you take blue paint and them mix in yellow paint, she doesn't know. Her thinking lacks _____.
a. clarity b. freedom from egocentricity c. reasoning d. reversibility |
d. reversibility
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From the perspective of Erik Erikson, life stages are important because
a. each involves a crisis or dilemma. b.each signals a new stage of congitive development c. each is an expression of biological programming d. their failure to appear is evidence of psychopathology |
a. each involves a crisis or dilemma.
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According to Erikson, a major conflict in the first year of life is that between ________.
a. trust an mistrust b. identity versus role confusion. c. automomy versus shame and doubt. d. intimacy versus isolation |
a. trust an mistrust
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As children begin their elementary school years, they enter Erikson's stage of _____.
a. initiative versus indpendence. b. industry versus inferiority. c. education versus indolence d. autonomy versus conformity |
b. industry versus inferiority.
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According to Erikson, a child entering adolescence can expect major developmental task demands to center around the need to _________.
a. develop trust in others b. achieve intimacy with another c. acquire personal autonomy d. develop a sense of one's self. |
d. develop a sense of one's self.
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According to Erikson, the major task during young adulthood is successful achievement of ___________.
a. a unified sense of self b. meaningful relationship c. personal and civic responsibility d. a stable identity without role confusion. |
b. meaningful relationship
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Generativity is characterized by __________.
a. concern for welfare of the others and society as a whole. b. the desire to have children and thereby ensure survival of the species. c. the ability to establish adequate social an financial security. d. active acceptance of aging and social changes. |
a. concern for welfare of the others and society as a whole.
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Marshall satisfied with his life and is able to face aging and death with dignity because he has a strong sense of _________.
a. idnetity b. genrativeity c. integrity d. intimacy |
c. integrity
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Infants who receive inadequate or unpredictable care or have parents who are cold, indifferent, or rejecting develop ______.
a. shame and doubt b. guilt c. mistrust d. inferiority |
c. mistrust
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Specific fears, general dissatisfaction, and general negativism should be considered _____.
a. normal childhood problems b. early signs of hyperactivity c. signs of overprotection d. significant childhood problems. |
a. normal childhood problems
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Which is characteristic of an abusing parent?
a.employed full time b.no previous history of family voilence c.suffers from a high level of stress and frustration d. all of these |
d. all of these
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Early maturation in girls
a.tends to create more prstige amoung peers when it occurs in elem school a. tents to create less peer pestige and adult approval when it occurs in jr. high b. tends to create less peer prestige and adult approval whenit occurs in Jr. high. c. leads to more independence and more frequent trouble in school. d. leads to delayed identity formation |
c. leads to more independence and more frequent trouble in school.
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Early maturation in boys ______.
a. is generally beneficial b. creates less poised, relaxed, and popular individuals c. creates boys who are more eager, talkative, and tolerant of themselves. d. leads to less prestige among peers. |
a. is generally beneficial
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Which of the following statements concerning imaginary audiences is true?
a. feel painful self consciousness. b. underlie attention seeking c.concerned with controlling the impressions they make on others d. All of the above. |
d. All the above.
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An empty nest _____.
a.psychologically disruptive b.problem with women defining themself c.related to depression or loss of self esteem d. all the above |
d. All the above
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Denial, anger, bargaining, depression, an acceptance have been suggested as stages in coping with ____.
a. death b. aging c. mid life crisis d. senility |
a. death
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With aging, there is a decline of _____ abilities, but not of ______ abilities.
a. fluid;fixed b.fixed; fluid c. fluid; cystalized d. crystalized; fluid |
c. fluid; crystallized
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Accoring to Kubler-Ross, the most common order of emotional reactions in preparing for death is _____.
a. anger, depression, bargaining, deniel, acceptance b. denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance. c. anger, drpression, denial, bargining, acceptance. d. depression, anger,denial, bargaining, acceptance |
b. denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.
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The dying individual asks, "Why me?" in which emotional reaction?
a. anger b. denial c. bargaining d. depression |
a. anger
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A typical final reaction to impending death is _______.
a.acceptance b. bargaining c. depression d. denial |
a. acceptance
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Bereavement refers to the ______.
a. period of emotional adjustment that follows the daath of a loved one b. intense emotional state that follows the death of a lover, friend, or relative. c. period during whicha person seems dazed aor nubm and shows little emotion d. demoralization and discoragement experienced after the loss of a loved one. |
a. period of emotional adjustment that follows the daath of a loved one
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Which of th series below describes the usual pattern of grieving?
a. apathy, dejection, depression b. shock,numbness, anger c. pangs of grief,depression, apathy d.shock, pangs of grief, apathy, depression, resolution. |
d. shock, pangs of grief, apathy, depression, resolution.
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