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21 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Synapses

connections between neurons

Synaptogenesis

the process of synapse development

Pruning

the process of eliminating unused syapses

Plasticity

the ability of the brain to change in response to experience

myelinization

a process in neuronal development in which sheaths made of a substance called myelin gradually cover individual axons and electrically insulate them from one another to improve the conductivity of the nerve

Reticular formation

the part of the brain that regulates attention

Adaptive reflexes

reflexes, such as sucking, that help newborns survive

Primitive reflexes

reflexes, controlled by "primitive" parts of the brain, that disappear during the first years of life.

Colic

an infant behavior pattern involving intense daily bouts of crying totaling 3 or more hours a day

Dynamic systems theory

the view that several factors interact to influence development

Infant mortality

Death within the first year of life

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

a phenomenon in which an apparently healthy infant dies suddenly and unexpectedly

Visual Acuity

how well one can see details at a distance

Tracking

the smooth movements of the eye to follow the track of a moving object

Auditory acuity

how well one can hear

Preference technique

a research method in which a researcher keeps track of how long a baby looks at each of two objects shown

Habituation

a decline in attention that occurs because a stimulus has become familiar

Dishabituation

responding to a somewhat familiar stimulus as if it were new.

Intermodal perception

formation of a single perception of a stimulus that is based on information from two or more senses

Nativists

theorists that claim perceptual abilities are inborn

Empiricists

theorists who argue that perceptual abilities are learned