Psychology 150 Chapter 9

Front 1

What is social psychology?

Back 1

The scientific study of how we influence one another's behavior and thinking

Front 2

What is conformity?

Back 2

Change in behavior, belief to conform to a group norm

Front 3

Informational social influence

Back 3

Influence from the need for information in situations in which the correct action is uncertain

Front 4

Normative social influence

Back 4

Effect stemming from our desire to gain approval and avoid disapproval from others

Front 5

Compliance

Back 5

Acting in accordance to a request from another person/group

Front 6

Foot-in-the-door technique

Back 6

Compliance to a large request is gained by preceding it with a very small request

Front 7

Door-in-the-face technique

Back 7

Compliance by starting with an unreasonable request and following with a more reasonable one

Front 8

Low-ball technique

Back 8

Compliance to a costly request is achieved by getting compliance to an attractive, less costly one

Front 9

That's-not-all technique

Back 9

Second request with additional benefits is made before a response to a first request can be made

Front 10

Obedience

Back 10

Following commands of a person in authority

Front 11

Social facilitation

Back 11

Facilitation of dominant response due to social arousal, which leads to improvement on simple tasks and worse performance on complex tasks when ppl are present

Front 12

Social loafing

Back 12

Tendency for people to exert less effort when working in a group to a goal

Front 13

Diffusion of responsibility

Back 13

Responsibility for a task is diffused across all members of the group (individual responsibility lessened)

Front 14

Bystander effect

Back 14

Probability of an individual helping in an emergency is greater when there is only one bystander

Front 15

Deindividualization

Back 15

Loss of self-awareness in a group situation

Front 16

Group polarization

Back 16

Strengthening of group's opinion following group discussion

Front 17

Groupthink

Back 17

Mode of group thinking that impairs decision making (desire for harmony overrides realistic appraisal)

Front 18

Attribution

Back 18

Process by which we explain our own behavior and the behavior of others

Front 19

Fundamental attribution error

Back 19

Tendency to overestimate internal influences and underestimate

Front 20

Just-world hypothesis

Back 20

Assumption that the world is just and people get what they deserve

Front 21

Primacy effect

Back 21

Early information more important than later info in forming an impression of another person

Front 22

Self-fullfilloing prophecy

Back 22

Our behavior towards a person based on our expectations encourages the person to act in accordance with our expectations

Front 23

Actor-observer bias

Back 23

Tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational influences, but others behavior to dispositional influences

Front 24

Self-serving bias

Back 24

Tendency to make attributions so that one can perceive oneself favorably

Front 25

False consensus effect

Back 25

Tendency to overestimate commonality of one's opinions and unsuccessful behaviors

Front 26

False uniqueness effect

Back 26

Tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities

Front 27

Attitudes

Back 27

Evaluative reactions towards things

Front 28

Cognitive dissonance theory

Back 28

People change their attitudes to reduce cognitive discomfort by inconsistencies between their attitudes and behavior

Front 29

Self-perception theory

Back 29

When we are unsure of our attitudes we infer them be examining our behavior in context