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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is encoding?
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Brain interpreting sensory stimuli and coding
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What is the difference between anterograde and retrograde amnesia?
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-Anterograde=loss of long-term memory(can't form new LTM)
-Retrograde= can't remember past events (LTM disrupted) |
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What is hyperthymesia?
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Perfect autobiographical memory, does exist
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What would a flow chart of LTM look like?
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-Long-term memory
-Explicit or Implicit -Under explicit=semantic and episodic |
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What is the difference between declarative and procedural memory?
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-Declarative=expressed as words and symbols, conscious recall
-Procedural=automatic, learning skills and actions |
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What is episodic and semantic memory?
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-Semantic= factual knowledge
-Episodic=autobiographical, more easily forgotten |
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What is sensory memory?
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-1st stage, exact copy of information
-Iconic=sight, echoic=hearing |
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What is the STM/working memory?
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Receives info from sensory, is encoded, holds small info briefly
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What is chunking?
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Grouping info together into larger units (meaningful pattern)
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What is rehearsal?
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Repeating info silently to self
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What is long-term memory?
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-Storing info relatively permanently
-Considered limitless -Based on meaning and importance |
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What is pseudo-memory?
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False memories that a person believes are true
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What are the three methods for retrieving memories?
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-Recall=reproduction of info
-Recognition=indentification of info w/ retrieval cues -Relearning=time saved when learning info for a second time |
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What are four theories about why we forget?
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1.Endcoding failure theory=not really forgetting but an encoding issue
2.Storeage decay theory= biological rep of the memory decays over time 3.Interference theory=other info interferes and makes forgotten info unaccessible 4.Cue-dependent theory=forget because cues necessary are not available |
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What are the two types of interference?
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1.Proactive=disruption of prior learning due to new info
2.Retroactive=disruption of new learning on retrieval of old info |
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What are schemas?
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Frameworks for our knowledge about people, events, actions
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What is source misattribution?
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We do not remember true source of a memory and attribute the memory to the wrong source
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What is priming?
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Earlier stimulus influences the response to a later stimulus
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What is the difference between retroactive and proactive interference?
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-Retroactive=tendency for new memories to interfere w/ retrieval of old
-Proactive interference=prior learning interferes w/ recall of later learning |
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What is cue-dpenedent forgetting?
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Memories may be available but inaccessible b/c w/o cues
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What is the difference between suppression and repression?
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-Repression=unconsciously forgetting memories
-Suppression=consciously forgetting memories |
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What are flashbulb memories?
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Especially vivid memories (tragedy, accident, emotional significant) can be positive or negative
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