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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
psycholgy |
It is the science of behavior and mental processes |
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The case study |
In - depth Study Of a single person that can Often provide suggestions for further research |
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Theory |
Explanation for a phenomenon ( event) based on careful and precise (valued) observation |
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Hypothesis |
prediction about further behaviours that is derived (gain) From observation and theories |
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Naturalistic (Realistic) Observation |
Study of behavior in its typical setting, with no attempt to alter(change) it |
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Correlational (relation) Method |
It is simply defined as a relationship between two variables |
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Survey method |
Research method that involves Collecting information from a Selected group of people who are representative of a larger Group |
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Experimental method |
Research Method that involves manipulating(control) independent Variables (changeable)to determine how they affect dependent variables |
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Experimental group |
The group in an Experiment that receives the effect of the indePendent variable being manipulated |
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control group |
A comparison group in an experiment that does not receive The effect of the independent Variable being manipulated |
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Structuralism |
Earliest approach in modern psychology. founded by WilhelmWund; its goalWas to anaLyze the basic elements of Conscions experience |
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Functionalism |
Approach to psychology that focused On the purposes of Consciousness |
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Gestalt psychology |
Approach to psychology most noted for emphasizing that our perception of a whole is different from our perception of the individual stimuli |
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Behavioral Perspective |
Perspective that focuses on Observable behavior and emphasizes the learned nature of behaviour |
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psychodynamic perspective |
View taken by Freud and his followers suggesting that normal and abnormal behaviors are determined primarily by Unconscious forces |
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psychoanalytic therapy |
Treatment for maladaptive behavior by Freud, The goal is to bring Unconscious Causes of behavior to the Conscious Level |
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Humanistic perspective |
Approach to psychology by Maslow and Rogers ; emphasizes free will and individuals Control Of their Own behavior |
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physiological perspective |
view that behaviors and mental processes Can be understood and explained by Studgiug the underlying physiology |
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Evolutionary Perspective |
Interest in the role a physiological Structure or behavior plays in helping an organism adapt to its environment |
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Eclectic approach |
View of psychology that Combines several different approaches |
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Clinical psychology |
specialty of psychology that involves the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders |
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psychiatrist |
Medical doctor with specialized training in the medical treatment of mental and emotional disorders |
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Counselling psychology |
Specialty of psychology that deals with Less serious problems thau those treated by clinical psychologists |
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School Psychologist |
Psychologist whose specialty encompasses diagnosing and treating Learning disabilities and providing Consultation on other problems of School - age children |
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Industrial and Organizational psychologist |
Psychologist who applies psychology to problems of businesses and other organizations |
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Consumer psychology |
Specialty of psychology that studies consumers and the choices they make |
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Health Psychology |
Subfield of Psychology that is concerned with how psychological and social variables affect health and illness |
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forensic Psychologist |
Psychologist who applies psychology to Law and Legal proceedings |
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Sport Psychologist |
Psychologist who provides Services to athletes and Coaches based on psychological principles |
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Neuropsychologist |
Psychologist trained in the diagnosis and rehabilitation OF brain disorders |
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Evolutionary Psychology |
An area of Psychology that is interested in Looking for the adaptive benefits of selected human behaviors |
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Stimulus |
Environmental feature that provokes a response from an organism |
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Central nervous system(CNS) |
Division of the nervous system that Consists of the brain and spinal cord |
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Peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
Division of nervous system that consists Of the neural fibers Lying outside of the brain and spinal cord |
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Afferent (sensory) nerves |
Nerves that carry information from the receptors to the spinal cord and brain |
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Automatic nervous System |
Division of the peripheral nervous System involved in the Control 0f bodily functioning through organs and glands |
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Sympathetic nervous system |
Subdivision of automatic nervous system that is responsible for mobilizing the body in times of stress. preparing organisms for fight Or flight |
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parasympathetic nervous system |
Subdivision of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for returning the body to a resting or balanced State |
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Endocrine system |
System of glands that produce and secrete chemicals called hormones that can have effects some distance from the gland that secreted the hormone |
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Hormones |
Chemicals produced by the glands of the endocrine system that are carried by the bloodstream to Other organs throughout the body |
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Hypothalamus |
Gland and brain structure That sends signals to the pituitary gland and contains key centers for fighting, fleeing, sexual activity, and hunger |
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Thyroid Gland |
Endocrine gland Located just below the larynx that releases hormones including thyroxine , which has widespread effects Throughout the body Via its effects on metabolic rate |
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Synapse |
Site where two or more neurons interact but do not touch ; neurotransmitters are released into the space in order to continue neural impulses |
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Neurotransmitters |
Chemical substances that are stored in terminal buttons and released into the synapse between two neurons to carry signals from one neuron to the next |