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11 Cards in this Set

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CBT - mainassumptions

Popular treatment as itattempts to modifymaladaptive thoughtprocesses of Sz, in orderto reduce hallucinations,delusions and disorderedthinking

CBT - Whathappensduringtreatment?

Individuals encouraged to trace backorigins of symptoms to get clearer picture -Patients encouraged to evaluate irrationalbeliefs by challenging them and questioningif they are real


-ABC model often used,identify activating event, developingalternative, more rational beliefs and soresulting in more positive consequences -triggers are also identified and copingstrategies are formulated to help individualchallenge intrusive thoughts or voicesduring treatment but also at home

AO2 - CBT- Gould etal (2001)

Research shows CBT to belargely successful and so iscommonly used to helpSz's


-Gould; found astatistically significantdecrease in positivesymptoms of schizophreniaafter receiving CBT

AO2 - CBT- NegativeSymptoms

Shown to be successful in treating positive symptoms like hallucinations, but less effective with negative symptoms


-also CBT works by reducing positive symptoms, but not eradicating them


-indicates a treatment that tackles the root cause more effectively may be more successful in the long term

AO2 - CBT -Notbeneficial toall

CBT requires lots of involvement from individual as they must be self-reflective and aware of their thoughts and feelings


-poses an issue for treating Sz as many patients have a loss of touch with reality and finds it hard to relate themselves to the world around them

AO2 - CBT - Not beneficial to all - Kingdon & Kirschen (2006)

-large proportion of 142 Sz's were not deemed suitable patients for CBT as they were unsure if they would fully engage with the therapy and this was most evident amongst older patients


-different type of treatment may be needed for these people

FamilyInterventions- Mainassumptions

Based on the idea that familyenvironments play a largerole in cause or maintenanceof Sz (e.g. harsh oroverbearing environments)


-Aim is to reduce expressedemotions or hostility within afamily to reduce relapseinstances

FamilyInterventions -What happensduring F.I

Strategies used include: Forming alliances between patient and close family members


-reducing harsh emotional climates within families


-maintaining reasonable expectations and setting appropriate limits for the patient


-enhancing families abilities to anticipate and solve problems


-achieved by teaching family about disorder and giving them a range of coping strategies for the future


-rarely used as a stand-alone treatment but combined with drug therapy

AO2 - F.I- Costeffective

Treatment is favoured by health care services due to economic efficiency


-whilst it would initially cost more to pay for experienced counselor, F.I has been shows to significantly reduce relapse rates and so would reduce the need for expensive hospitalisation


-Cost savings would also be high as research shows the reduced relapse rates produced by F.I often last for a significant period after treatment has ended; shows long term results

AO2 - F.I- CulturalBias

studies of effectiveness of F.I often come from outside the UK, with the majority from China


-Results may not be applicable to a UK settings as family dynamics and communication widely varies across cultures

AO2 - F.I &CBT - Howeffective arethey actually?

Often both used in conjunction to drugtherapy


-can therefore be very difficultto separate these things to view theirindividual effects


-may appear thatpsychological therapy is effective whenreally it is antipsychotics


-Forinstance, both treatments show anincrease in patient's medicationcompliance, meaning positive effectsmay just be from patients taking theirmedication more strictly