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What are the 3 D's?

Distress, dysfunctional, deviant

Distress

Emotional distress

Dysfunctional

Self destructive/ harmful to others

Deviant

A violation of cultural standards

Three etiologies

Supernatural


Somatogenic


Psychogenic

Supernatural (etiology)

Spirits, gods, witchcraft,


Mental illness to possession of evil spirits

Somatogenic (etiology)

Physical causes like physical trauma or brain damage lead to mental illness

Psychogenic (etiology)

Theories focus on traumatic or stressful experiences

Trephination

Earliest explanation for mental illness

Rosenthal experiment

Conducted by psychologist David Rosenthal, to test validity of psychiatric diagnoses.

DSM-5

Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders