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delirium-characterized by a disturbance of consciousness and a change in cognition that develops rapidly over a short period. s/s:diff sustaining and shifting attn. loc often affected. vivid dreams/nitemare common. psychomotor activity fluctuation. s/s begin abruptly. duration brief. type:delirium dt gen. med. cond. subst. induced delerium.subst/intox delirium.subst/wdraw delirium.delirium dt mult. etiologies.Primary dementia-alzheimer/dement. itself majr sign of organic brain disease not directly r/t any othr orgnc disease.Secondary dementia-c/b r/t anthr disease or condtin such as HIV or cerebrl trama.impairment evident. rules of social conduct disregrded.Apraxia-inability 2 crry out motor acts despte intct motr functn,may devlp. 7stges: no sympt. forgetfllnss. mild cog. declne. mld-mod cog. declne. mod cog declne erly demnta. mod-sev cog declne, mid dmnta. sev cog dec, late demnta. Catg. dementa: dementia of alzeimers type, vascular dementia, dementia d/t hiv disease, demnta d/t head trauma, demnta d/t parkinsons disease, demnta d/t huntingtons, demnta d/t picks, demnta d/t creutzfeldt jakob, demnta d/t othr gen med cond,subs indcd prsistng dmnta, dmnta d/t mult etiologies. causes of alzhmrs:ACH altratns,plaqs/tangls,headtrauma,geneticfactrs. cause of vasc.dmnta:r/t interrptn of blood flow 2 the brain. AMNESTICDISORDERS:d/t gen med cond. evidence must exist from the history physical or lab to show the memory imparirment is direct consequence of gen med cond.
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subst. inducd persstng amnestic disordr:evdnce frm histry physcl or lab memry imparmnt is r/t persisting effects of subst. abuse. subst. assoc:alcohol,meds,toxins. 1st step in treatment of delirium is treatment of underlying causes. medical cond must be addressed and in a rm w/ min stimuli. demenita treatment must be directed to the indent. and resolution of ptent. reversible processes. many antpsychotic/depressant/histaminic meds prodce anticholinergic effects. antilirium,cognex,aricept,exelon,razadyne,namenda used for alzhmrs. deal with ACH. riperdal,zyprexa,seroquel,geodon are antipsychotics. anxiety and sleep disturbances are also present in these disorders.
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