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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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language |
our spoken, written or signed words and ways we combine them to communicate meaning |
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phoneme |
the smallest distinctive sound unit |
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morpheme |
the smallest unit that carries meaning |
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grammar |
a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others |
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semantics |
the set of rules by which we derive meaning the morphemes, words and sentences in a given language; also the study of meaning |
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syntax |
the rules of combining words into grammatically sensible sentences in a given language |
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babbling stage |
beginning at about 4 months, the stage of speech development in which the infant spontaneously utters various sounds at first unrelated to the household language |
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one-word stage |
the stage in speech development, from about age 1-2, during which a child speaks mostly in single words |
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two-word stage |
beginning about age 2, the stage in speech development during which a child speaks mostly in 2 word statement |
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telegraphic speech |
early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram "Go car" using nouns and verbs |
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aphasia |
impairment of language, usually casually by left hemisphere damage either to broca's area, or to Wernicke's area |
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Broca's area |
controls language expression- an area, usually in the left frontal lobe, that directs the muscle movements involved in speech |
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Wernicke's area |
controls language reception- a brain area involved in language comprehension and expression; usually in left temporal lobe |
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Linguistic determanism |
Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think |
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Noam Chomsky-- Inborn Universal Grammar |
Chomsky suggested that the rate of language acquisiton is so fast that it cannot be explained through learning principles and thus most of it is inborn (genetically predisposed); hypotheized that we have a specialized area of the brain called Language Acquisition Device or LAD that allows us to learn language quickly |
