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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the scientific discipline that attempts to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings and behaviors of individuals are influenced by others
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SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
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the way we seek to know and understand other persons and events
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SOCIAL PERCEPTION
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the process of integrating various sources of information about a person into an overall judgement
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IMPRESSION FORMATION
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a fixed set of beliefs about people that puts them into categories and doesn't allow for individual variation
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STEROTYPE
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the belief that physically attractive individuals possess socially desirable personality traits and lead happier, more fulfilling lives than less attractive persons do
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PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS STEROTYPE
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attitudes toward members of specific groups that directly or indirectly suggest they deserve an inferior social status
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PREJUDICE
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a negative and/or patronizing action toward members of a specific social group
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DISCRIMINATION
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a theory of prejudice contending that when two groups comete for scarce resources this competition creates a breeding ground for prejudice
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REALISTIC GROUP CONFLICT THEORY
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a pattern of increased hostility toward outgroups, accompanied by increased loyalty to one's ingroup
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ETHNOCENTRISM
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the tension and distress sometimes experienced when interacting with a person from a different social group
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INTERGROUP ANXIETY
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the process by which people use information to make inferences about the causes of behaviors or events
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ATTRIBUTION
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an attribution that locates the cause of an event in factors internal to the person, such as personality traits, moods, attitudes, abilities or effort
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INTERNAL ATTRIBUTION
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an attribution that locates the cause of an event in factors external to the person, such as luck, other people or the situation
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EXTERNAL ATTRIBUTION
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a theory of attribution asserting that people rely on consensus, consistency and distinctiveness information when assigning causes for events
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COVARIATION MODEL
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the tendency to make internal attributions rather than external attributions in explaining the behavior of others
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FUNDAMENTAL ATTRIBUTION ERROR
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a positive or negative evaluation of an object
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ATTITUDE
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the tendency to develop more positivev feelings toward objects and individuals the more frequently we are exposed to them
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MERE EXPOSURE EFFECT
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the process of consously attempting to change attitudes through the transmission of some message
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PERSUASION
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a theory that there are two ways in which persuasive messages can cause attitude change, each differing in the amount of cognitive effor or elaboration they require
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ELABORATION LIKELIHOOD MODEL
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a feeling of discomfort caused by performing an action inconsistent with one's attitudes
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COGNITIVE DISSONANCE
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the exercise of social power by a person or group to change the attitudes or behavior of others in a certain direction
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SOCIAL INFLUENCE
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a yielding to perceived group pressure
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CONFORMITY
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publily acting in accord with a direct request
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COMPLIANCE
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the expectation that one should return a favor or a good deed
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RECIPROCITY NORM
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the performance of an action in response to a direct order
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OBEDIENCE
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any form of behavior that is intended to harm or injure a person, onself or an object
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AGGRESSION
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the intentional use of harmful behavior in order to achieve some other goal
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INSTRUMENTAL AGGRESSION
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the intentional use of harmful behavior with the goal of causing injury or death to the victim
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HOSTILE AGGRESSION
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a belief in which males are socialied to protect their reputation by resporting to violence
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CULTURE OF HONOR
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a theory of aggression stating that aversive events produce negative affect, which stimulates the inclination to aggress
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COGNITIVE-NEOASSOCIATIONIST MODEL
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A situation in which people are inhibited from helping due to a fear or being negatively evaluated by other bystanders if they intervene and it turns out not to be an emergency
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AUDIENCE INHIBITION EFFECT
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the belief that the presence of others in a situation makes one less personally responsible for events that occur in the situation
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DIFFUSION OF RESPONSIBILITY
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the proposition that people are attracted to others who are similar to them in certain characteristics, such as attitudes and physical attractiveness
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MATCHING HYPOTHESIS
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a theory that people desire cognitive consistency, or "balance," in their thoughts, feelings and social relationships
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BALANCE THEORY
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a state of intense longing for union with another that we typically experience most intensely during the early stages of a romantic relationship
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PASSIONATE LOVE
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the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply entwined
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COMPASIONATE LOVE
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the negative emotional reaction experienced when a real or imagined rival threatens a relationship important to one's self-concept
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JEALOUSY
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