Psych Ch. 7

Front 1

Chronological, or temporally dated, recollections of personal experience

Back 1

Episodic Memory System

Front 2

Usually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events

Back 2

Flashbulb Memories

Front 3

Graph showing retention an forgetting over time

Back 3

forgetting curve

Front 4

Tendency to mold one's interpretation of the past to fit how events actually turned out

Back 4

Hindsight Bias

Front 5

Idea that people forget because of competition from other material

Back 5

interference Theory

Front 6

Theory holding that deeper levels of mental processing result in longer-lasting memory codes

Back 6

Levels-of-Processing Theory

Front 7

Forming a metal image of items to be remembered in a way that links them together

Back 7

Link Method

Front 8

Unlimited capacity store that can hold information over lengthy periods of time

Back 8

Long-term Memory (LTM)

Front 9

Long-lasting increase in neural excitability in synapses along a specific neural pathway

Back 9

Long-term Potentation (LTP)

Front 10

A mnemonic device that device that involves taking an imaginary walk along a familiar path where images of items where memories of items to be remembered are associated with certain locations.

Back 10

Method of Loci

Front 11

Phenomenon that occurs when participants' recall of an event they witnessed is altered by introducing misleading post event information

Back 11

Misinformation Effect

Front 12

Strategies for enhancing memory

Back 12

Mnemonic Devices

Front 13

Purposeful suppression of memories

Back 13

Motivated Forgetting

Front 14

Memory for action, skills, and operations.

Back 14

Nondeclarative Memory System

Front 15

Continued rehearsal of material after one appears to have mastered it.

Back 15

Overlearning

Front 16

Models of memory that assume cognitive processes depend on patterns of activation in highly interconnected computational networks that reassemble neural networks

Back 16

Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) Models

Front 17

Memory problem that occurs when previously learned information interferes with the retention of new information

Back 17

Proactive Interference

Front 18

Ability to remember to perform actions in the future

Back 18

Prospective Memory

Front 19

Process of deciding whether memories are based on external sources (our perceptions of actual events) or internal sources (our thoughts and imaginations).

Back 19

Reality Monitoring

Front 20

Memory test that requires subjects to reproduce information on their own without any cues.

Back 20

Recall

Front 21

Memory test that requires subjects to select previously learned information from an array of options.

Back 21

Recognition

Front 22

Process of repetitively verbalizing or thinking about information to be stored in memory.

Back 22

Rehearsal

Front 23

Memory test that requires a subject to memorize information a second time to determine how much time or effort is saved by having learned it before.

Back 23

Relearning

Front 24

Keeping distressing thoughts and feelings buried in the unconscious.

Back 24

Repression

Front 25

Proportion of material retained (remembered).

Back 25

Retention

Front 26

Recovering information from memory stores.

Back 26

Retrieval

Front 27

Memory problem that occurs when new information impairs the retention of previously learned information.

Back 27

Retroactive Interference

Front 28

Loss of memories for events that occurred prior to a head injury.

Back 28

Retrograde Amnesia

Front 29

Ability to remember events from the past or previously learned information.

Back 29

Retrospective Memory

Front 30

Organized cluster of knowledge about a particular object or sequence of events.

Back 30

Schema

Front 31

Deciding how or whether information is personally relevant.

Back 31

Self- Referent Encoding

Front 32

General knowledge that is not tied to the time when the information was learned

Back 32

Semantic Memory System

Front 33

Concepts joined together by links that show how the concepts are related.

Back 33

Semantic Network

Front 34

Preservation of information in its original sensory form for a brief time, usually only a fraction of a second.

Back 34

Sensory Memory

Front 35

In memory tests, the fact that subjects show better recall for items at the beginning and end of a list than for items in the middle.

Back 35

Serial- Position Effect

Front 36

Limited-capacity store that can maintain unrehearsed information for about 20 to 30 seconds.

Back 36

Short- Term Memory (STM)

Front 37

Process of making attributions about the origins of memories.

Back 37

Source Monitoring

Front 38

An error that occurs when a memory derived from one source is misattributed to another source.

Back 38

Source- Monitoring Error

Front 39

Maintaining encoded information in memory over time.

Back 39

Storage

Front 40

The situation that occurs when the initial processing of information is similar to the type of processing required by the subsequent measures of attention.

Back 40

Transfer- Appropriate Processing