Psych Ch 15: Personality

Front 1

Freud's ideas on personality

Back 1

he developed the 1st comprehensive theory of personality that he called Psychoanalysis.
He used hynosis to unlock the door of the unconscious.

Front 2

Latent content and manifest content of dreams.

Back 2

Another method to analyze the unconscious mind is through interpreting dreams.
The remembered content of dreams (latent content) Freud believed to be a censored expression of unconscious wishes (manifest content).
Latent content: meaning of the dream
Manifest content: symbols in a dream

Front 3

What is free association?

Back 3

in psychoanalysis, a method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing.

Front 4

The 3 parts of personality in psychoanalytic theory

Back 4

1)Id: strives to satisfy basic sexual aggressive drives, operating on the pleasure principle.
2)Ego: meditates the demands of the id and the superego and reality.
3)Superego: provides standards for judgement (the conscious) and for future aspirations.

Front 5

Freud's psychosexual stages

Back 5

he divided development of personality into 5 stages:
1)Oral: (0-18 months) pleasure centers on the mouth-sucking, biting, chewing.
2)Anal: (18-36 months) pleasure focuses on bowel and bladder elimination; coping with demands for control.
3)Phallic: (3-6 yrs) pleasure zone is the genitals; coping with incestuous sexual feelings
4)Latency (6 to puberty) dormant sexual feelings
5)Genital: (puberty on) maturation of sexual interests

Front 6

Freud's defense mechanisms
(name and define 3)

Back 6

ego's protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality. Here are examples:
1)Repression: banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.
2)Regression: retreating to an earlier, more infantile stage of development.
3)Rationalization: we unconsciously generate self-justifying explanations to hide from ourselves the real reasons for our actions. ex: "i only drink to be sociable"

Front 7

Carl Jung: the collective unconscious

Back 7

Jung believed in the collective unconscious.
The collective unconscious is Carl Jung's concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history.
Jung said that the collective unconscious explains why, for many people, spiritual concerns are deeply rooted and why people in different cultures share certain myths and images, such as mother as a symbol of nurturance.

Front 8

Humanistic perspective on personality

Back 8

emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people and aims at fostering personal growth.

Front 9

Maslow's humanistic perspective on personality

Back 9

he proposed that we as individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs.
(self-actualizing person)

Front 10

Roger's humanistic perspective on personality

Back 10

he proposes that people are basically good and have self-actualization tendencies.
(centered perspective)

Front 11

Criticisms of the Humanistic perspective

Back 11

It's concepts are vague and subjective
Very individualist
Fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for evil.
Rogers said humans are good, but perform evil acts because of their environment.

Front 12

Projective Tests

Back 12

aim to provide such a view by presenting an ambiguous stimulus and then asking test-takers to describe it or tell a story about it. The stimulus has no inherent significance, so any meaning people read into it presumably is a projection of their interests and conflicts.

Front 13

Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)

Back 13

a type of projective test in which peole view ambiguous pictures and then make up stories about them.

Front 14

Rorschach inkblot test

Back 14

a type of projective test that seeks to identify people's inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots.