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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Asch 1955 opinions on social pressure Context and Aims: |
Jenness 1932-beans in jar, group norm, limited: asked to produce group estimate. (ambiguous situation)look to others. Sherif 1935-situation using autokinetic effect(spot of light in dark room) tested individually then altogether. Asked again: in group conformed to group norms. Arrived at group norm on own. |
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Why did Asch think Jenness&Sherif research was limited?
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Asch said: it didnt measure comformity. it measured group norms Conformity is likely in an ambiguous situation where there are no clear answers.
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Aims of Asch 1955? Opinions and social pressure
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Ambiguous situation-makes sense to look to others. For example: TV programmes best. But if a clear answer are people still influnenced by the behaviour of others? Aimed: the effects of group pressure in an unambiguous situation (confronted with obvious incorrect answer) would people conform or give independent response |
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Asch 1955 procedures
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The baseline study: 'vision test' all but one of participants were confederates Real purpose lone naive participant would react to behaviour of confederates 123 male undergraduates, 3 diff US colleges each session: 1 participant and six-eight confederates. Participant seated last or second to last (ensure heard answers before giving) |
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Procedures in Asch 1955 |
two white cards, one: single vertical black line(standard line length to be matched) second card:three vertical lines various lengths. asked to select line matched standard line. one comparison line is same, other two substantislly different (2cm more). At start confederates identified correct few times.
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asch additional procedures:how many times were confederates instructed to make same incorrect answer? |
12 out of 18 trials with each participant.
- at end Asch revealed true nature of research and interviewed the naive participants |
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Asch 1955: additional procedures
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Asch questioned: size of majority or unanimity was more important in determining confomity. He looked at size of the group, truthful partner, inaccurate partner, partner who changes mind and a partner who leaves.
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asch 1955 findings |
the baseline study: unaminous wrong answers from confederates naive also gave wrong answers 36.8% of the time critical trials) 36.8 responses made by them were incorrect.
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asch findings
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control tirals: Asch needed to confirm that stimulus lines were unambiguous. Conducated control trial no confederates gicing wrong answers. Found that people made mistakes 1% or less of the time. |
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Asch findings
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individual differences: range of conformity levels 25% never gave wrong comforming answer 75% conformed at least once |
