Psych 368

Front 1

Rostral

Back 1

Anterior, frontal (Beak)

Front 2

Caudal

Back 2

Posterior (Back)

Front 3

Dorsal

Back 3

top

Front 4

Ventral

Back 4

Bottom

Front 5

Sagittal

Back 5

Middles

Front 6

Horizontal

Back 6

Seperates top and bottom

Front 7

Coronial

Back 7

Seperated front and back

Front 8

Medial

Back 8

Towards the middle

Front 9

Lateral

Back 9

off to the side

Front 10

Ipsilateral

Back 10

Same side

Front 11

Contralateral

Back 11

Opposite side

Front 12

The Menegies

Back 12

1. Dura Materm- Outside hard protectant

2. Arachnoid Membrane- web like layer

-Ceribrial Spinal Fluid

3. Pia Mater - Soft layer

Front 13

Central Nervous System

Back 13

1. Cerebrum - Sensation and perception

2. Cerebellum - movement and coordination

3 Brain Stem -

Front 14

Spine

Back 14

1. Sensory Input-Dorsal Horn-Dorsal Column

Front 15

The Brain

Back 15

1. Hindbrain

2. Midbrain

3. Forebrain

Front 16

Hindbrain

Back 16

1. Cerebellum

2. Pons - bridges

3. Medulla -

4. Four Ventricles

Front 17

Midbrain

Back 17

1. Tactum - roof

1. Superior Colliculus: Visual

2. Inferior Colliculus: Auditory

2. Tegmentum - floor

1. VTA: beginning of motivational pathway (pleasure)

2. Substantinigra: body movement

Front 18

Forebrain

Back 18

1.Subcotricals

2. Limbic System

3. Cingulate Cortex

4. Cerebrial Cortex

Front 19

Subcorticals

Back 19

1. Thalamus:Sensory relay station (vision touch) 2. Hypothalamus: Hormones and body regulator 3. Basal Ganglia: Integrate movement

Front 20

Limbic System

Back 20

A. Hippocampus: Short term to long term (consolidation)

B. Amygdala: Fear (Fight or Flight)

C. Nucleus Succumbins: Reward

Front 21

Cerebrial Coretex (4 lobes)

Back 21

Occipotal

Tempral

Frontal

Parital

Front 22

Biological Psychology

Back 22

Bio foundation of behavior, social and mental process

Front 23

Trepanation

Back 23

drill hole in brain

Front 24

Hippocrates

Back 24

four parts of humour

Front 25

Galen

Back 25

found brain connects to body (gladiators)

Front 26

Decartes

Back 26

brain is mind and body

animal-reflexive

human-god given soul

pineal gland: release DNT

Front 27

Galvani

Back 27

nerves are electrical wires throughout body

(frogs)

Front 28

Bell and Magendie

Back 28

Nerves go in two direct

Dorsal: Upward, sensory info (back)

Ventricle: Downward, motor info (front)

Front 29

Grey matter

White matter

Corpus Colllosum

Back 29

Nuerons

Fat (Myelin, Axons)

Infor from L-R

Front 30

Ramon

Back 30

Neuron doctrine

(rat brain cells differ)

Front 31

Florence

Back 31

Ablasion

Cerebellum

Cerebrum

Front 32

Gale

Back 32

Phonology

Front 33

Broca

Back 33

Speech localization (left front lobe)

Front 34

Gage

Back 34

injury to bilateral frontal lobe (not same person)

Front 35

Darwin

Back 35

natural selection

Front 36

Methods of study

Back 36

1. Histology

2. Imaging

3. Genetics

Front 37

Histology

Back 37

1. Nissl Stain-cell body (counting )

2. Golgi - entire neuron dendrite axon conncetion)

3. Myelin - pathways (thick-fast slim-slow)

4. Flourescent Stain - multiple neurons (dyes)

Front 38

Imaging

Back 38

1. PET Scan - functional view (activity)

2. CT scan - structural (tumor)

3. MRI - Structural (specific)

4. fMRI - shows areas (More or less activity)

Front 39

Genetics

Back 39

1. Twins

2. Knockout virus- turn off gene

3. RNA interferance- virus shuts off particual gene

Front 40

Ectoder

Back 40

NS in skin

Front 41

Neural tube

Back 41

become CNS

Front 42

Forming neural tube

Back 42

1. ectoderm- thin sheet of cell

2. groove form n nueral plate

3. walls of groove fold, close, fuse form tube

4. ectoderm pinched off as nueral tube, closes form neural crest

Front 43

three viscicles of NT

Back 43

1. prosencephalon - forbrain

2. mesencephalon - midbrain

3. rhombencephalon - hindbrain

Front 44

Neural tube defects

Back 44

1. ancephaly - no brain (rostral nt doesnt fuse)

2. Spina bifida - hole in spine 9caudal fails to fuse)

3. Down syndrome - extra 21 chromosome

Front 45

Glia

Back 45

1. Astrocytes

2. oligendrocytes

3. microgilia

Front 46

astrocytes

Back 46

support - fill gap

most numerous

physical support

envelopes synapse

Front 47

oligendrocytes

Back 47

myelin - insulation

wraps around axon

Front 48

microgilia

Back 48

trash collector

smallest

destroys envaderd

Front 49

Sulcus

Gyrus

Back 49

valleys

hills

Front 50

Cerebral cortex

Back 50

humans- associtation (analyze / think)

animals - primary (not integrated)

Front 51

Neocortex

Back 51

6 layers

functionally striated

sensory cortex - thick layer IV

motor cortex - thick layer V

Front 52

Peripheral Nervous System

Back 52

NS

Central Peripheral

Brain Spinal cord Autonomic Somatic

Sympathetic Parasympathetic

Front 53

Somatic

Back 53

controlled, voluntary

Front 54

autonomic

Back 54

Sympathetic: Fight, FLight, Fornicate, Food

Parasympathetic: GRID involuntary

Front 55

12 Cranial Nerves

Back 55

1. Olfactory - smell

2. optic - vision

3. oculomotor - eye movement

4. trochear - eye movement

5. trigeminal - jaw muscle, touch face

6. abelucens - eye movement

7. facial - face muscle, taste

8. vestibulochlear - hearing/balance

9. glossopharyngeal - throat, muscle, taste

10. vagus - viscera, sense control

11.spinal accesory - throat/neck muscle

12. hypoglossal - tongue