Psych 220 Exam 2

Front 1

Whose name is associated with the zone of proximal development?

Back 1

Vygotsky

Front 2

How many calories does the average pre-scholar need per day?

Back 2

1700

Front 3

Between 18 months and 6 years how often does a child learn a new word?

Front 4

During the ages 3-6 which lobe of the brain sees the most rapid growth?

Back 4

Frontal Lobe

Front 5

A good word that Piaget would use to describe a child between ages 2-4

Back 5

Egocentric

Front 6

Which of the following doesn't affect the accuracy of children's long-term memories?

Back 6

individual differences in susceptibility, age differences

Front 7

How many pounds does the average child gain per year?

Back 7

7-May

Front 8

Which researcher suggested that language plays a major role in shaping thoughts?

Back 8

Vygotsky

Front 9

Being able to bounce a ball under control is likely to first appear at what age?

Back 9

49-60 months (4-5 years old)

Front 10

Which of the following is not a leading cause of death among US children?

Back 10

These are: heart disease, motor vehicle, cancer

Front 11

What percent of right-handed people process speech in the left part of the brain?

Back 11

95%

Front 12

Which of the following is a self conscious emotion?

Back 12

These are: pride, guilt, shame, embarassment

Front 13

The tendency to play in same sex groups increases significantly in what age group?

Back 13

4-6 years

Front 14

Which of the following parenting styles appears to be the most beneficial for children?

Back 14

Authoritative

Front 15

Which of the following is not one of the 6 types of child play identified by Parten?

Back 15

These are: solitary, unoccupied, onlooker, parallel, associative, cooperative

Front 16

The research on birth order on children idicates what?

Back 16

Higher expectations on first born; only child is achievement oriented with personality traits; only child doesn't indicate much

Front 17

The substance and content of one's self conceptions beginning with self-recognition is known as ______

Back 17

Self-understanding

Front 18

T/F Children from divorced families tend to show poor adjustment and greater emotional problems later in life compared to children from non-divorced families

Back 18

TRUE

Front 19

Which country forbids physical punishment of children by parents?

Back 19

Sweden

Front 20

Approximately at what age does a child begi to believe that adjustment of behavior should be based on intentions and consequences?

Back 20

10 years old

Front 21

According to the psychoanalytic view, what process results in a child identifying with the same gender parent?

Back 21

Oedipus Complex

Front 22

Which of the following shows more of a tendency to "train" their children?

Back 22

Asians

Front 23

Which of the following is a type of child maltreatment?

Back 23

Sexual

Front 24

The mean of the WISC-IV is ________ while the standard deviation is _________

Back 24

100 (mean), 15 (SD)

Front 25

What percent difference is found for children enrolled in physical education programs from 1969 to 1999

Back 25

Decrease 60 %

Front 26

Which of the following is not a criterian for mental retardation?

Back 26

These are: 2 SD below mean (below 70), evidence of functional disability (has to cause some impairment), evidence of it before age 18

Front 27

One of the most notable physical changes in middle to late childhood development is ________

Back 27

Head and waist circumference, leg length in relation to body

Front 28

An obese 6 year old has what percent risk of being an obese adult while an obese 12 year old has what percent chance?

Back 28

25 %, 75 %

Front 29

Which of the following is not a criterian for a learning disability?

Back 29

These are: exculsionary criteria, IQ discrepency, specificity of learning problem

Front 30

What is the most effective treatment for ADHD?

Back 30

Behavior management treatment combined with drugs

Front 31

The second most common type of cancer for children is what?

Back 31

Brain

Front 32

The idea that intelligence appears to be increasing with each generation of children is known as what?

Back 32

The Flynn Effect

Front 33

Which of the following is an area where a positive effect can be found for a child who speaks 2 languages?

Back 33

These are: [Cognitive Development] brainstorming, environment, don't over control encouraging motivation

Front 34

Who postulated a theory of 8 different intelligences?

Back 34

Gardner

Front 35

Which of the following is a strategy for fostering creativity in children?

Back 35

"These are: Encourage brainstorming

Front 36

Goleman identified 4 areas of emotional intelligence which are:

Back 36

Developing emotional self-awareness, manage emotions, reading emotion, handling relationships

Front 37

Which area of the brain is hypothesized to be bigger in women than in men?

Back 37

Corpus Collosum and emotional centers

Front 38

Which group is most likely to be suspended in school?

Back 38

Blacks

Front 39

In lecture, which two factors were noted as being very important to a child's well-being?

Back 39

High self-esteem, and positive self-image

Front 40

Child victims of bullying often _______, while bullies often have ______

Back 40

victim: lonely, difficulty making friends, anxious, socially withdrawn, aggressive. Bullies: low grades in school, use alcohol and tobacco

Front 41

What is the most commonly used moral stage by adults 24 years old and older according to Cohlberg?

Back 41

Stage 4

Front 42

What does parent-child interaction time appear to focus on with children ages 5-12?

Back 42

Behavior management, scheduling, discipline and temper controls

Front 43

Which of the following is a function of child friendship?

Back 43

These are: companionship, stimulation, physical and ego support, social comparison, intimacy

Front 44

Which of the following is not one of the 4 ways to help improve a child's self-esteem?

Back 44

These are: identify cause of low self-esteem, provide emotional support and social approval, help child achieve, help child cope

Front 45

Who stated that people engage in harmful conduct after they justify the morality of their actions?

Back 45

Albert Bandura

Front 46

Which of the following can change a latch-key experience for a child?

Back 46

These can: Peer pressure, parenting styles, child care arrangements

Front 47

What percent of white children attend schools within the 47 largest cities in the US?

Back 47

5%

Front 48

Which children have the most difficulty as determined by peer status?

Back 48

Rejected

Front 49

Being poorly educated, unable to by education materials, and not setting high educational goals is generally describing what?

Back 49

Low SES

Front 50

Which of the following is not one of the type of peer statuses for children?

Back 50

These are: popular, average, neglected, rejected

Front 51

In which ways does service learning benefit students?

Back 51

Grades and self-motivation, self-esteem, send of being able to make a difference, reflection on society's political organization and moral order, it also decreases sense of alienation.

Front 52

Which of the following is most likely to drop out of high school?

Back 52

Minorities- Latinos

Front 53

Research has found that adolescence is not really a time of _______.

Back 53

Storm and Stress

Front 54

The third leading cause of death amongst adolescents is what?

Back 54

Suicide

Front 55

According to Piaget, adolescents are at which stage of cognitive development?

Back 55

Formal Operational

Front 56

The prefrontal cortex of the brain has been associated with which behaviors?

Back 56

Higher-level Cognitive Process

Front 57

For males, adolescent sexuality is initiated by what?

Back 57

(Spermarchy) First ejaculation, voice change, penis elongation, and testes development

Front 58

A pattern of binge eating and purging combined with a failure to maintain a minimum body weight is a characterist of __________.

Back 58

Anorexia

Front 59

The most commonly used illegal drug is the US by adolescents is what?

Back 59

Alcohol

Front 60

Hormones during puberty are affected by an interaction of what?

Back 60

Hypothalamus, Pituitary Gland, and Gonads

Front 61

When do males tend to engage in sexual activity when compared to females?

Back 61

About 1 year before females and tend to be younger than females

Front 62

Which of the following is not a description of adolescent sexuality?

Back 62

These are: Exploration, experimentation, sexual fantasies, and achievement of sexual identity

Front 63

During puberty, the difference in time between girls and boys growth sperts is approximately what?

Back 63

2 years

Front 64

During adolescents, feeling like one's experiences are so unique and so different that nobody could possibly understand them is also known as what?

Back 64

Personal Fable

Front 65

Which of the following is not a risk factor created by early onset of puberty for girls?

Back 65

These are: Depression, Eating disorders, use of alcohol or drugs, earlier dating and sexual involvement, possible lower educational attendence

Front 66

What peer pressure is the strongest in adolescents?

Back 66

Conforming to anti-social standards

Front 67

In what areas are youth crime rates the highest?

Back 67

Poverty-infested areas

Front 68

_________ dating is more common in middle school while ________ dating is more common in high school

Back 68

Cyber, Traditional

Front 69

In which group do we see increasing juvinile deliquency?

Back 69

Females

Front 70

Emotional development in adolescence is not characterized by _______.

Back 70

These are: Increased interest in self-portrayal; Search for an identity; Emotional swings

Front 71

T/F In most families moderate parent adolescent conflict and dispute is unlikely.

Back 71

FALSE

Front 72

Adolescent girls describe romantic relationships in terms of _______ while boys describe them in terms of ________.

Back 72

Interpersonal qualities; Physical attraction

Front 73

Adolescent-parent attachments are __________ correlated compared to adolescent-peer relationships.

Back 73

Moderately

Front 74

Which of the following is not necessarily a function of dating in adolescents?

Back 74

These are: recreation, status and achievement, learning about close relationships, mate selection, strong emotional relationships

Front 75

Males are more likely to _______ suicide while female are more likely to ________ suicide.

Back 75

commit, attempt

Front 76

The most common kind of offenses committed by juvinile deliquents is what?

Back 76

Property Offenses

Front 77

According to class lecture, which group is marrying earlier than US youth?

Back 77

Russian youth

Front 78

Outside the US, adult status is often marked by ________.

Back 78

Marriage

Front 79

What proportion of those who drink alcohol will become alcoholics?

Back 79

1 out of 9

Front 80

How many hours per week do most college students work?

Back 80

26 or more

Front 81

The transition to adulthood begins in _______ and ends in _______.

Back 81

biology, culture

Front 82

How much money is spent per year in the US on dieting?

Back 82

30 Billion

Front 83

Compared to adolescents, idealism appears to__________.

Back 83

decrease because of reality

Front 84

Binge drinking is highest for what age group?

Back 84

young adult/college/21-22 years old

Front 85

Sexually transmitted infections affect what proportion of adults?

Back 85

1 out of 6

Front 86

Average peak physical performance in adults is _______.

Back 86

19-26 years old, 20's

Front 87

Which of the following is not one of Holland's basic career related personalities?

Back 87

These are: realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional

Front 88

What percent of adults in the US are considered overweight?

Back 88

60%

Front 89

Who is the most likely to attempt and complete rape against women in college?

Back 89

Classmate

Front 90

What percent of american adults lived alone in 1970?

Back 90

8%

Front 91

One of the main reason that remarriage after divorice occurs is _______.

Back 91

Reduce loneliness and improve financial circumstances

Front 92

According to Tannen, women prefer _____ talk while men prefer ______ talk.

Back 92

rapport, report

Front 93

The most important aspect of intimacy is ________.

Back 93

commitment

Front 94

Communication is more a problem in what types of households?

Back 94

High-income households

Front 95

The main reason cited for disillusion of a marriage is _________.

Back 95

Fall out of love

Front 96

Most recently, the percentage of marriage persons who said they were very happy appears to be ________.

Back 96

Increasing

Front 97

Family life cycle appears to have how many stages?

Back 97

6

Front 98

Which of the following was not mentioned in class for making marriages work?

Back 98

These are: establish love map, nurture fondness/admiration, turn toward eachother, let them influence you, share power, solve solvable conflict, overcoming gridlock, creating shared meaning

Front 99

Which type of love is considered the strongest?

Back 99

Consumate