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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Psychopathology
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The scientific study of mental, emotional, and behavioral disorder
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statistical Abnormality
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abnormality defined on the basis of an extreme score such as IQ or anxiety
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Social nonconformity
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failure to conform to societal norms or the usual minimum standards for social conduct
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maladaptive behavior
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behavior that makes it difficult to adapt to the environment and meet the demands of day to day life
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mental disorder
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a significant impairment in psychological functioning
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psychotic disorder
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a severe mental disorder characterized by a retreat from reality by hallucination, delusions, and by social withdrawlal
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organic mental disorder
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mental problem caused by brain diseases or injury
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mood disorder
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depression/mania
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anxiety disorder
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disruptive feeling of fear or anxiety
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somatoform disorder
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physical symptoms that mimic disease or injury which there is no identifiable physical cause
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dissociative disorder
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temp. amnesia, multiple personality, or depersonalization
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personality disorder
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a maladaptive personality pattern
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sexual and gender identity disorders
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any of a wide range of difficulties with sexual identity
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substance related disorder
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abuse of substances
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neurosis
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outdated term uses to refer to mental disorder
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insanity
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a legal term that refers to mental inability to manage one's affair
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antisocial personality
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a person who lacks a conscience; is emotionally shallow, impulsive, selfish, and tends to manipulate others
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adjustment disorder
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an emotional disturbance caused by ongoing stressors within the range of common experience
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generalized anxiety disorder
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a chronic state of tension and worry about work/disaster
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panic disorder
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a crhonic state of anxiety, with agoraphobia is with social settings
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agoraphobia
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fear of something extremely embarrassing will happen if one leaves the house
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stress disorder
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a significant emotional disturbance caused by stresses outside the range of normal human experience
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acute stress disorder
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psychological disturbance lasting up to 1 month following stresses
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dissociative amnesia
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loss of memory for important info related to identity
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dissociative fugue
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sudden travel away from home plus confusion about one's personal identity
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dissociative identity disorder
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the presence of two or more distinct personalities
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hypnochondriasis
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a preoccupation with fears of having serious diseases.
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somatization disorder
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afflicted persons have numerous physical complaints but not organic causes
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muchausen syndrome by proxy
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an affected person fakes the medical problems of someone in his or her care to gain attention
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conversion disorder
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a bodily symptom that mimics a physical disability but is actually caused by anxiety or emotional distress
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anxiety reduction hypothesis
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explains the self-defeating nature of avoidance responses as a results of the reinforcing effects of relief from anxiety
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psychosis
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a withdrawal from reality marked by hallucinations and delusions, disturbed thorught and emotions
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delusion
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false belief held against all contrary evidence
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dementia
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serious mental impairment due to old age
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delusional disorder
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a psychosis marked by severe delusions of jealousy or persecution
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paranoid psychosis
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delusional disorder centered on delusions of persecution
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disorganized schizophrenia
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schizophrenia marked by bizzare thinking and inappropriate attitude
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catatonic schizophrenia
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schizophrenia marked by rigidity, posturing, mutism
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paranoid schizophrenia
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schizophrenia marked by frequent auditory hallucinations related to persecution
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undifferentiated schizophrenia
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schizophrenia lacking the specific features
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psychological trauma
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psychological injury or shock
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dysthymic disorder
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moderate depression that persists for 2 years or more
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cyclothymic disorder
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moderate manic and depressive behavior that persists for 2 years or more
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endogenous depression
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depression produced from within rather than as a reaction to life
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postpartum depression
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mild depression caused by child birth
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psychotherapy
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any psychological technique used to facilitate positive changes in a person's behavior
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demonology
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the study of demons
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tranference
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the tendency of patients to transfer feelings to a therapist that correspond to those the patient had for important persons inn his or her past
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interpersonal psychotherapy
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a brief dynamic psychotherapy designed to help people by improving their relationship with other people
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client-centered therapy
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a non-directive therapy based on insights gained from conscious thoughts and feelings emphasizes accepting one's truth value
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unconditional positive regard
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an unqualified unshakable acceptance of another person
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empathy
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a capacity for taking another's point of view; the avility to feel what another is feeling
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authenticity
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in carl roger's, the ability of a therapist to be genuine and honest about his or her own feeling
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reflection
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in client-centered therapy, the process of rephrasing or repating thoughts and feelings expressed by clients so they can become aware of what they are saying
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existential therapy
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an insight therapy that focuses on elemntal problems such as existence
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gestalt therapy
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an approach that focuses on immediate experience and awareness to help clients rebuilt thinking
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behavior therapy
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any therapy designed to actively change behavior
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aversion therapy
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supressing an undesirable response by associating it with something paintful
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reciprocal inhibition
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the presence of one emotional state can inhibit the occurrence of another such as joy preventing fear or anxiety inhibiting pleasure
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tension-release method
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a procedure of systematically achieving deep relaxation of the body
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vicarious desensitization
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a reduction of fear by letting the client watch a model perform the feared behavior
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social comparison
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making judgements about ourselves through comparison with others
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interpersonal attraction
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social attraction to others
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self-disclosure
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the process of revealing one's persoanl thoughts to another
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fundamental attribution error
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the tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes
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groupthink
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a compulsion by members of decision making groups to maintain agreement, even at the cost of critical thinking
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compliance
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bending to the requests of a person who has little or no authority
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superordinate goal
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a goal that exceeds or overrides all others
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mutual interdpendence
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condition which people must depend on one another to met each person's need or goal
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