Psych 100-Ch. 3

Front 1

Central Nervous System

Back 1

Brain and spinal cord

Front 2

Spinal Cord

Back 2

Bundle of long neurons running through the spine

Front 3

Neuron

Back 3

individual nerve cell

Front 4

Central part of nerve cell; contains nucleus

Back 4

Cell Body

Front 5

Small branches extending from cell;receive messages from other neurons

Back 5

Dendrites

Front 6

Long tail of neuron; sends messages to other neurons

Back 6

Axon

Front 7

Have sacs filled with fluid chemicals

Back 7

Neurotransmitters

Front 8

Located inside the neuron, positively or negatively charged particles

Back 8

ions

Front 9

Charge of Ions INSIDE cell membrane

Back 9

negative

Front 10

charge of ions outside cell membrane

Back 10

positive

Front 11

Positive ions entering cell membrane;process called? (resting to awake)

Back 11

Depolarization

Front 12

Once neural trasmission starts this process goes into effect

Back 12

all-or-none principle/action potential

Front 13

How many neural connections inside body?

Back 13

trillions

Front 14

Neurons work together through....

Back 14

synaptic vesicles

Front 15

Excitatory Neurotransmitters

Back 15

message to keep sending

Front 16

Inhibitatory Neurotransmitters

Back 16

Message to stop

Front 17

Where is the synapse located?

Back 17

gap between neurons

Front 18

Where are receptor sites located?

Back 18

end of dendrites

Front 19

Neurotransmitter that wants muscle to move faster.

Back 19

Acetylcholine (AcH) - works with adreniline

Front 20

Neurotransmitter that is a mood enhancer

Back 20

Dopamine

Front 21

Neurotransmitter that impacts mood.

Back 21

Serotonin

Front 22

Neurotransmitter that is given off in the sympathetic nervous system if you are scared or anxious.

Back 22

Norepinephrine

Front 23

Neurotransmitter that is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain

Back 23

Glutamate

Front 24

Cells that outnumber neurons (50:1)

Back 24

Glial Cells

Front 25

Cells that provide nutrients to neurons, enhance what happens at synapse and new neurons arise out of them

Back 25

Glial Cells

Front 26

Speeds up neural transmission

Back 26

Myelin sheath

Front 27

Interneurons are used for...

Back 27

simple reflexes

Front 28

Nervous system that has sensory (afferent) neurons and motor (efferent) neurons.

Back 28

Peripheral Nervous system

Front 29

neurons that take in sensations

Back 29

Sensory (Afferent) Neurons

Front 30

neurons that give you reactions

Back 30

Motor (Efferent) Neurons

Front 31

Sysmpathetic and Parasympathetic are both a part of the..

Back 31

Autonomic Nervous system

Front 32

System of Autonomic Nervous systems that responds to psychological or physical stress

Back 32

Sympathetic (dog attack-fight or flight) - activates/inhibits organs

Front 33

System of autonomic nervous system that helps maintain balanced regulation of internal organs and large body muscles

Back 33

Parasympathetic (After dog fight-everything okay)

Front 34

Part of brain that performs routine functions that keep body working

Back 34

Hindbrain

Front 35

Part of brain that includes medulla, pons, and cerebellum

Back 35

Hindbrain

Front 36

Part of Hindbrain (3 parts total) that is the bottom of brain stem

Back 36

Medulla (breathing reflexes)

Front 37

Part of Hindbrain (3 parts total) that helps balance and hearing

Back 37

Pons (middle of hindbrain, above medulla)

Front 38

Part of Hindbrain (3 parts total) that is in charge of motor coordination and memory

Back 38

Cerebellum (Back bottom of brain -protected)

Front 39

Center for postural reflexes linked to senses and spacial sound

Back 39

Midbrain (above pons which is above medulla)

Front 40

The Two distinct areas of the forebrain

Back 40

1 thalamus, hypothalamus, limbic systems
2 cerebral cortex

Front 41

The message relay station located in the forebrain that controls all senses except smell

Back 41

Thalamus

Front 42

Part of forebrain that is in control of entire autonomic system (body temp., emotions, sexual drive)

Back 42

Hypothalamus

Front 43

Part of forebrain that controls aggression and emotion

Back 43

Amygdala

Front 44

Part of forebrain that controls spacial memory and new memories

Back 44

Hippocampus

Front 45

Part of forebrain that controls language/intelligence, voluntary actions, and conscious experiences

Back 45

Cerebral cortex

Front 46

What are the four lobes of the brain (cerebral cortex)

Back 46

1 frontal lobes (thinking, memory)
2 Parietal Lobes (in back - body sense, math, visuospatial)
3 Temporal Lobes (sides - language, music, hearing)
4 Occipital Lobes (very back -Vision)

Front 47

EEG?

Back 47

Electroencephalogram (brain waves)

Front 48

PET

Back 48

Positiron emmision tomography (Radioactivity)

Front 49

MRI

Back 49

Magnetic resonance imaging (looks at structures)

Front 50

fMRI

Back 50

Functional MRI measures (doing something when scanning)

Front 51

MEG

Back 51

Magnetoencephalography (Magnetic waves)

Front 52

DTI

Back 52

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (measures axons of brain)

Front 53

Side of hemisphere that controls language, logical and verbal info

Back 53

left

Front 54

Side of hemisphere that controls shapes, location, visual spatial info

Back 54

right

Front 55

When gray matter decreases and white matter increases

Back 55

during development

Front 56

Systems that controls regulation of bodily processes

Back 56

Endocrine System

Front 57

Secretes neuropeptides and hormones

Back 57

glands

Front 58

Activates body organs during physical stress or emotional arousal

Back 58

hormones

Front 59

Gland that is largely controlled by hypothalamus. regulates body's reaction to stress and resistance to disease

Back 59

Pituitary gland

Front 60

Glands that sit atop kidney. Secrete variety of hormones in emotional arousal (cortisol, epinphrine and norepinphrine

Back 60

Adrenal glands

Front 61

Glands that produce sex cells

Back 61

Gonads

Front 62

Gland that controls metabolism

Back 62

Thyroid

Front 63

Gland attached to top of thalamus and secretes melatonin (regulates mood and sleep)

Back 63

Pineal