Psych 10 Final

Front 1

Psychology is

1.The study of the mind

2.The science of behavior and mental processes

3.The treatment of mental disorders

Back 1

The science of behavior and mental processes

Front 2

Most important to your survival

1. interpersonal relationships

2. physical ability

3. intelligence

Back 2

interpersonal relationships

Front 3

The course syllabus

1. Is a contract

2. Is recommended but not requires

3. Can be changed

Back 3

Is a contract

Front 4

To study effectively

1. Use self-hypnosis

2. Underline or highlight important material

3. Take notes as you go

Back 4

Take notes as you go

Front 5

Atoms, cells, organs, individuals, groups, worlds

1. Unrelated concepts

2. Levels & Systems

3. Not a part of Psychology

Back 5

Levels and systems

Front 6

The electrical activity of a single neuron

1. Comes from chemical processes on cell membrane

2. Comes from electricity stored deep within the cell

3. Remains scientific mystery

Back 6

Comes from chemical processes on cell membrane

Front 7

One electron communicates to another

1. Via electron flow

2. By arcing the electricity over the synapse

3. Via chemicals

Back 7

Via chemicals

Front 8

Sport and games

1. Are seen only among industrialized societies

2. Are part of the hunter-gatherer life

3. Are found only where people have established permanent settlements

Back 8

Are part of the hunter gatherer life

Front 9

Short-term memory

1. Hippocampus

2. Brainstem

3. Cortex

Back 9

Hippocampus

Front 10

Basic life functions

1. Hippocampus

2. Amygdala

3. Brainstem

Back 10

Brainstem

Front 11

Emotion

1. Hippocampus

2. Amygdala

3. Brainstem

Back 11

Amygdala

Front 12

Visible light, infrared, and ultraviolet

1. Are all manifestations of electromagnetic energy

2. Are fundamentally different kinds of energy

3. Differ mainly in amplitude

Back 12

Are all manifestations of electromagnetic energy

Front 13

We perceive

1. Everything that is real

2. Only a small part of reality

3. More than any living organism

Back 13

Only a small part of reality

Front 14

Which is true?

1. We create our perceptions

2. Perceptions cannot really be altered

3. Reality determines our perceptions

Back 14

We create our perceptions

Front 15

Which is true?

1. Perceptions are a fixed product of the nervous system

2. Perceptions are a direct reflection of external reality

3. Perceptions can even be altered by act of will

Back 15

Perceptions can even be altered by act of will

Front 16

Most important division of the cortex

1. Left/right

2. Front/back

3. Spinal cord/brainstem

Back 16

Front/back

Front 17

Which is true?

1. The frontal lobes can influence the limbic system and brainstem but not vice versa.

2. The limbic system and brainstem can influence the frontal lobes but not vice versa

3. The limbic system, brainstem, and cortex influence each other

Back 17

The limbic system, brainstem, and cortex influence each other

Front 18

The most basic communication

1. Chemical

2. Visual

3. Verbal

Back 18

Chemical

Front 19

Which is the correct order for the levels & channels of communication

1. Pheromone, taste, smell, touch, distance, body, face, eyes

2. Eyes, face, taste, smell, touch, distance, body, pheromone

3. Pheromone, touch, smell, taste, eyes, face, body, distance

Back 19

Pheromone, touch, smell, taste, eyes, face, body, distance

Front 20

Hypnosis is

1. A mysterious process that continues to baffle science

2. Social influence, personality, communication, perception

3. Deliberate faking

Back 20

Social influence, personality, communication, perception

Front 21

A cognitive explanation for why a depressed mother killed her children would focus on _____

1. Exploring the presence of mood disorders in her siblings

2. Examining her belief that her life was miserable

3. Uncovering her earlier episodes of postpartum depression

4. Investigating the lack of social support she received to deal with her stressed life

Back 21

Examining her belief that her life was miserable

Front 22

Dr. Matthews is observing children on the playground recording instances of aggression. This BEST illustrates which research method?

1. Case Study

2. Experimentation

3. Participant Observation

4. Naturalistic Observation

Back 22

Naturalistic Observation

Front 23

Which selection procedure(s) would be most likely to yield a random sample of voters' opinion toward capital punishment in the state of Texas?

Back 23

Randomly selecting voters from the complete list of all registered voters

Front 24

Which research technique would be MOST well suited to examining whether the number of hours spent watching TV predicts hours spent exercising?

Back 24

Correlational study

Front 25

Which correlation coefficient represents the variables with the weakest degree of relationship?

Back 25

+.01

Front 26

Experiments involve the manipulation of _______ and the measurement of ___________

Back 26

independent variables; dependent variables

Front 27

______ receive information from nearby neurons and then electrical impulses travel down ______ en route to other neurons

Back 27

Dendrites; axons

Front 28

We are able to interpret varying intensities of stimuli (e.g. a pat versus a slap) because

Back 28

Neurons send messages more frequently when we receive a more intense stimuli

Front 29

White matter in the brain is composed of ________.

Back 29

unmyelinated axons

Front 30

The amount of space for body parts in the motor cortex is allocated according to ______, and the amount of space for body parts in the somatosensory cortex is allocated according to ______.

Back 30

the precision and complexity of the movement of the body part; the sensitivity to touch of the body part

Front 31

A doctor has suggested that Dwayne should undergo a sleep study to determine why he is having difficulty sleeping. When Dwayne arrives at the study, the doctors us a(n) ______ to measure his brain waves as he sleeps.

Back 31

EEG

Front 32

Which of the following has/have been asserted as resulting from sleep deprivation?

Back 32

All of these

Front 33

Which statement about psychophysics is FALSE?

Back 33

Psychologists were the first people to become involved in the study of psychophysics.

Front 34

When researchers use the term subliminal stimuli, they are referring to stimuli that are ______.

Back 34

below threshold and detected up to 49 percent of the time

Front 35

In farsightedness, light waves from nearby objects come into focus ______ the retina, resulting in an inability to see clearly objects that are ______.

Back 35

behind; near

Front 36

_______ is (are) to vision as _____ is (are) to audition.

Back 36

Retina; basilar membrane

Front 37

When we interpret an ambiguous in terms of our past experiences, _____ occur(s).

Back 37

Both perceptual set and top-down processing

Front 38

Although the retinal image changes, we easily recognize the rectangular shape of a door whether it is closed, partially open, or completely open. This is an example of ______.

Back 38

Perceptual constancy

Front 39

Trichromatic theory explains how color is processed by _____, and opponent-process theory explains how color is processed by _____.

Back 39

cones; post-receptor cells

Front 40

Which is the most drastically different from culture to culture?

Back 40

The relationship between father and son/daughter

Front 41

Group Process

Back 41

In/out, up/down, near/far, right/wrong

Front 42

Human beings

Back 42

have always lived in groups

Front 43

Human beings live in groups

Back 43

For protection, food finding, and childrearing

Front 44

The group process model described in lecture

Back 44

Happens in every group everywhere

Front 45

Taming Little Beasties

Back 45

Choices and consequences

Front 46

The techniques of Cesar Milan 'The Dog Whisperer'

Back 46

Communication, group process, individual behavior management

Front 47

Communication channel least used by Cesar Milan

Back 47

Verbal

Front 48

Those who committed suicide at Heaven's Gate and Jonestown did so

Back 48

Group process gone awry

Front 49

Our beliefs

Back 49

Are largely determined by the groups we join and our place within them

Front 50

Heavy elements such as gold

Back 50

Come from exploding supernovae

Front 51

Psychopath, Sociopath, Character Disorder, Moral Insanity

Back 51

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Front 52

Characterized by extreme and maladaptive variant form of normal behavior

Back 52

Personality Disorder

Front 53

In Stanley Milgram's study, what proportion of individuals was willing to execute a stranger upon orders from an authority figure?

Back 53

2 in 3

Front 54

How long did it take Jane Elliott to inoculate blue-eye/brown-eye prejudice in 3rd graders?

Back 54

15 minutes

Front 55

If your group is doing something you believe is morally wrong

Back 55

There are alternatives that might work

Front 56

Humans first had year-round settlements

Back 56

About 10,000 years ago

Front 57

Domestication of plants and animals is most easily transmitted

Back 57

East to west and west to east

Front 58

In the eyes of an employer

Back 58

Some college is no college

Front 59

If you have a Bachelor's degree

Back 59

You can go on to get an advanced degree in any field

Front 60

In most cases, to optimally achieve classical conditioning, the conditioned stimulus (CS) must be presented _____ second(s) before the unconditioned stimulus (UCS)

Back 60

1/2 to 1

Front 61

Mary Cover Jones is known for which of the following?

Back 61

Deconditioning a fear of rabbits in a 3-year-old boy

Front 62

Which is the best example of positive punishment?

Back 62

Spanking a child for not obeying rules results in decreases in disobedience

Front 63

Which of the following is NOT a secondary reinforcer?

Back 63

food

Front 64

In a cumulative record, when no responses occur, the line has a _____ slope, and when the response rate increases, the line has a _____ slope.

Back 64

flat; steeper

Front 65

It is easier for humans to develop a fear of snakes than to develop a fear of flowers, which BEST illustrates ______.

Back 65

biological preparedness

Front 66

In the memory span task, participants _______.

Back 66

are presented with a series of items one at a time and then asked to recall the items in the order in which they were presented.

Front 67

"Memory span" refers to which of the following?

Back 67

the average number of items a person recalls across multiple trials.

Front 68

When it pertains to memory processes, the term "chunk" means _______.

Back 68

a meaningful unit in memory

Front 69

One explanation for infantile/child amnesia is that ______ is (are) not fully developed.

Back 69

the hippocampus

Front 70

Craik and Tulvik found that recognition was best in the _______ processing condition and worst in the _______ processing condition.

Back 70

semantic; physical

Front 71

A group of research participants studies Spanish, then French, and is then tested on their knowledge of the Spanish they studied. This research is designed to examine the effects of ______.

Back 71

Retroactive interference

Front 72

After solving a series of mathematical problems using a complicated formula, Mark uses the same formula to solve another problem he could have solved using a much simpler formula. Mark's continued reliance on the complicated formula BEST illustrates which of the following?

Back 72

metal set

Front 73

Which of the following contributes to both the gambler's fallacy and the conduction fallacy?

Back 73

the representativeness heuristic

Front 74

Most people incorrectly think that "r" appears more often as the first letter of a word than as the third letter. This belief stems from the use of the _______ heuristic, bases on the way we _______.

Back 74

availability; organize words in memory

Front 75

Which term does not belong with the others?

Back 75

Predictive

Front 76

Which of the following is not one of Thurstone's seven primary mental abilities?

Back 76

musical ability

Front 77

The finding that average intelligence scores have increased over the past century in the United States and other industrialized countries illustrates which of the following?

Back 77

the Flynn effect

Front 78

According to James Flynn, which of the following has likely contributed to the increase in intelligence test scores that has occurred over the past century?

Back 78

societal changes, which led people to get smarter in abstract, scientific thinking

Front 79

The tendency to seek evidence that supports our hypotheses is known as ______.

Back 79

the confirmation bias

Front 80

Compared to asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction

Back 80

increases healthy variations

Front 81

Women are elephants, men are

Back 81

Frogs and/or elephants

Front 82

The first living cells were essentially

Back 82

Bubbles

Front 83

Which is #1 for both men and women in seeking a mate

Back 83

Physical attractiveness

Front 84

Men have ______ stages of sexual responding and women have _______ stages

Back 84

Four, four

Front 85

Moder treatment of sexual dysfunction

Back 85

Education and communication training

Front 86

Default mode for mammalian brain is

Back 86

Female

Front 87

Whether someone grows up to want to have sex with men or women

Back 87

is determined by prenatal exposure to testosterone

Front 88

Homosexual behavior

Back 88

Is a part of masculinity in some cultures

Front 89

After we are born, culture tells us

Back 89

What it is to be a male or a female

Front 90

Boys mostly play with boys and girls mostly play with girls

Back 90

In all cultures

Front 91

Standards for male and female beauty

Back 91

A mix of genetic and cultural features

Front 92

What is the difference between legal drugs and illegal drugs?

Back 92

drugs are the drugs of the ruling class

Front 93

What is a "drug"?

Back 93

Any substance that alters body function

Front 94

Who uses drugs?

Back 94

All people use drugs

Front 95

People with Schizophrenia have

Back 95

One personality

Front 96

Most mental disorders are

Back 96

Mild to moderate

Front 97

The difference between Shaman and Psychiatrist

Back 97

The Psychiatrist has both a spiritual and a scientific belief system

Front 98

Without professional treatment, most mental disorders

Back 98

Will probably improve

Front 99

Which is NOT a risk factor known to be associated with prematurity?

Back 99

blindness and deafness

Front 100

When 18-month-old Logan sees his Uncle Brandon, he calls him "dada" along with any other man he sees. This BEST illustrates which of the following

Back 100

overextension

Front 101

Kerry says, "doggy doggy" whenever she sees the family dog, Brutus. However, she is puzzled when encountering the babysitter's dog and doesn't also call him "doggy". This BEST illustrates which of the following?

Back 101

underextension

Front 102

In the strange situation, an infant who acts disoriented, seems overwhelmed by the situation, and does not demonstrate a consistent way of coping with the strange situation, would MOST likely be classified as exhibiting a(n) ______ attachment style.

Back 102

insecure-disorganized

Front 103

A secure attachment relationship is MOST likely to develop between an infant and a primary caregiver when _______.

Back 103

the infant's temperament matches the caregiver's childrearing expectations

Front 104

Which theoretical approach to personality does NOT focus on problems in personality development?

Back 104

Trait

Front 105

When Trey's parents take away his allowance for violating curfew, Trey yells at his younger brother for simply entering Trey's room. Trey's behavior MOST closely resembles which defense mechanism?

Back 105

Displacement

Front 106

Which is a contribution to the study of human behavior?

Back 106

All the answers are correct

Front 107

According to Adler, people with unloving parents may develop a(n) ______.

Back 107

inferiority complex

Front 108

Like Adler, Horney emphasized the importance of ______ in the development of personality; but unlike Adler, Horney also emphasized the importance of _______ as a source of personality.

Back 108

social experiences; insecurity

Front 109

In considering social influence, which term does NOT belong?

Back 109

personality

Front 110

A saleswoman displays a set of pots and pans and asks a shopper, "What do you think this wonderful set of cookware is worth?" Before the shopper can answer, the saleswoman adds a set of cooking utensils, and mentions a single selling price for the combination of pots, pans, and utensils. The shopper agrees to purchase the set. It appears that the saleswoman has effectively used which of the following?

Back 110

the that's-not-all technique

Front 111

Compared to Milgram's baseline condition, which increased the percentage of participants who administered the maximum shock?

Back 111

Taking direct responsibility for giving a shock away from the teacher

Front 112

In Darley and Latané's experiment regarding adjustment difficulties experienced in college, when were participants MOST likely to seek help?

Back 112

when they presumed they were the only ones present other than the victim.

Front 113

Darley and Latané observed that most university students failed to help a fellow student experiencing an epileptic seizure when they thought there were four other students who also heard the seizure. The results of the experiment are BEST explained in terms of _______.

Back 113

diffusion of responsibility

Front 114

Meghan is afraid of snakes. Which instance would contribute to her fear being considered a specific phobia?

Back 114

All of the answers are correct

Front 115

Which has been considered the earliest biological treatment for mental disorder?

Back 115

trephining

Front 116

Benjamin Rush designed a treatment in which patients were restrained from activity and received little stimulation. This treatment involved which of the following?

Back 116

a tranquilizing chair

Front 117

______ is a naturally occurring element used to treat _______.

Back 117

Lithium; bipolar disorder

Front 118

Which is not a type of psychotherapy?

Back 118

social

Front 119

The answer is C

Back 119

C