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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Preparedness
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This is the term alluding to the biological disposition for an organism to respond a certain way to a stimulus
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Species-Specific Defense Reaction
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This is the way in which certain animals respond to aversive stimuli (birds fly away, humans and rats freeze up)
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Instinctive Drift
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This is when an innate animal behavior displaces a conditioned response
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EX: Racoons learned to put pennies in a penny bank, & the reward was food. Therefore, it associated the coin with food and started cleaning the coin (as it would do to food)
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Sign Tracking
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This is when an organism tends to approach a pleasant conditioned stimulus that it has associated with something it desires
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EX: Light is associated with food, therefore dog licks light
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Adjunctive Behavior
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This is when a seemingly contingent behavior is increased in frequency due to FT or FI schedules
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EX: rats drinking excessive amounts of water on such food schedules
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Displacement Activity
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This is something often performed when an organism has to decide between two highly desired choices or when denied a single highly desirable action
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EX: pigeons will peck at the ground, humans will scratch their head
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Activity Anorexia
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This refers to high activity in response to restriction of food intake
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1 in 50 children
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This is the portion of children who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder
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5 times
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This describes the multiplier with which boys are likely to be diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder than girls
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Nonverbal, Peer Relationships Spontaneous Sharing, Social Reciprocity
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The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder includes that at least 2 of the following social deficiencies apply
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Delay in Language Development, Initiating or Maintaining Conversation, Repetitive Use of Language, Lack of Imaginative Play
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The diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder includes that at least 1 of the following behavioral deficiencies apply
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Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence
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In behavioral theory, this is the stimulus that elicits the child's behavior, the response by the child, and what maintains the behavior, respectively
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Prompt
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After an antecedent or initial behavior, one can use these to push the child towards the desired behavior
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Pivotal Response Training
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This seeks to improve motivation and ability to respond to multiple cues, which in turn is believed to improve other behaviors in turn
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Physical Cognition
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This is the processing of useful information for the exploitation of tools
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Social Cognition
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This is the processing of social information pertaining to other members of a community
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Social Learning
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This is when an animal learns a behavior or information about a stimulus by watching another animal
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Demonstrator
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In social learning, this is the animal originally performing a behavior
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Observor
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In social learning, this is the animal watching a behavior and later reproducing all or part of it
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Imitation
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This is the copying of a demonstrator's response when it leads to a reward
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Overimitation
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This is the copying of excess steps a demonstrator takes in acquiring a reward
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Chimpanzees
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These tend to imitate only necessary steps in acquiring a reward such as food
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Human Children
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These tend to overimitate unnecessary steps in acquiring a reward such as food
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Teaching
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This is when a demonstrator deliberately modifies its behavior in the presence of a naive animal at a cost or with no immediate benefit to itself in order to help the animal learn faster
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Mimicry
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This is the copying of a demonstrator's response when it doesn't lead to any obvious or immediate reward
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