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186 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the eating disorders? (ch9) |
1. Anorexia Nervosa 2. Bulimia Nervosa 3. Binge-eating Disorder (BED) 4. Eating disorder not otherwise specified (ED-NOS) |
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What are the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa? (ch9) |
1. Refusal to maintain body weight that is normal for a person's age and height 2. Reduction of body weight by 85% of what is considered normal 3. Fear of being "fat" 4. Distorted perception of body shape and size 5. Intense fear of gaining weight 6. Absence of at least 3 menstrual periods |
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Define "Binge"and "purge" (ch9) |
Binge: Out-of-control consumption of a large amount of food in a short period of time. Purge: process of food removal |
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This type of anorexia nervosa follows all the normal diagnostic criteria and is specifically categorized when the individual limits food intake by counting calories (Ch9) |
Restricting types |
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What are the diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa? (ch9) |
1. Recurrent episodes of binge eating 2. Loss of control during binge 3. recurrent compensatory behaviors for the effects of the bing eating 4. Self-induced vomiting 5. use of laxatives 6 excessive excercise 7. use of thyroid medication 8 self-evaluation is influenced by weight and body shape. |
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Melissa is preparing for her high school prom and finds a dress that she really likes, but it's about 2 sizes too small. She starts to exercise in order to lose the weight, but every so often she goes out and binges on her favorite food afterwhich she goes to the gym. If this behavior continues, Melissa will be in danger of developing what type of disorder? (ch9) |
Bulimia Nervosa |
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Which of the following is NOT a diagnostic criteria for Bulimia Nervosa? (Ch9) A. Self-induced vomiting B. Recurrent episodes of binge eating C. Excessive excercise D. Use of thyroid medication E. Limiting food intake by counting calories |
E. Limiting food intake by counting calories. (this is a restriction type of anorexia nervosa) |
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T/F: A person who binge eats and compensates by excessive excercise is a type of anorexia nervosa (ch9) |
False. It is a type of bulimia nervosa |
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What are the diagnostic criteria for Eating Disorders not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS) (Ch9) |
1. Patterns of eating disorder behavior that do not fit the criteria of other eating disorders 2. If an individual meets all the criteria for anorexia nervosa except disrupted menstrual cycles they would be diagnosed as EDNOS 3. On the other hand, same applies to bulimia nervosa. If the individual binges and purges less than twice a week they would be diagnosed with EDNOS |
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Which of the following is NOT present in order to be diagnosed with ED-NOS? (Ch9) A. Disrupted menstrual cycles B. Fear of being fat C. Binging and purging D. Intense fear of gaining weight |
A. Disrupted menstrual cycles |
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T/F: If an individual binges and purges less than twice a week they will be diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa (ch9) |
False. They will be diagnosed with ED-NOS |
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What are the diagnostic criteria for Binge-Eating Disorder (ch9) |
1. Eating a large amount of food in a limited amount of time 2. Lack of control over eating 3. three of the following: - Eating much more rapidly than normal - Eating to the point of feeling uncomfortably full - Eating large amounts of food when not hungry - Eating alone due to embarassment - Feelings of disgust, guilt, or depression |
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What is the main difference between those who suffer from Bulimia Nervosa and those who suffer from Binge-eating disorder? (ch9) |
Bulimia Nervosa contains a purge cycle, while those who suffer Binge-Eating Disorder do not have a purge cycle. |
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At least how often do people who suffer from Binge-Eating Disorder practice the act of binge eating? (ch9) |
At least twice a week for 6 months |
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T/F: The age group for the higher risk for anorexia nervosa is the age range of 20-24 (ch9) |
False. Actually, Anorexia nervosa is most likely to develop between 15-19. Bulimia Nervosa develops during the early twenties |
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T/F: Suicide is the second most common cause of death for people with Anorexia Nervosa (Ch9) |
True. |
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Anorexia Nervosa develops around what age? (ch9) |
15-19 |
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Bulimi nervosa develops around what age? (ch9) |
20-24 |
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Binge-eating disorder occurs around what age? (ch9) |
30-50 |
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T/F: The possibility of females to develop an eating disorder is greater than for men. (ch9) |
True. 10:1 ratio of females to males in developing an eating disorder. Binge-Eating= 3.5%F, 2%M Bulimia= 1.5%F, 0.5%M Anorexia= 0.9%F, 0.3%M |
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What type of medical problems can develop in those who have anorexia nervosa? (ch9) |
1. Lanugo 2. Dry, scaly skin often with yellow or gray cast 3. Constipation 4. Brittle hair 5. Thyroid function slows 6. Breathing and heart rate slows. Blood pressure drops 7. Hands and feet feel cold 8. Nails become brittle |
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T/F: Those who recover from eating disorders still suffer from food and body images long after recovery (Ch9) |
True |
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Eating disorders will often times cross over diagnostically? (ch9) A. Anorexia Nervosa (restricting type) and Anorexia Nervosa (Binge/purge type) B. Anorexia nervosa (Bing/purge type) and Bulemia nervosa C. Anorexia Nervosa (restricting type) and Binge eating disorder D. Binge eating disorder and Bulemia nervosa |
C. Anorexia Nervosa (restricting type) and Binge eating disorder |
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Having a relative with anorexia increases the risk by? (Ch9) |
11.4 |
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Genes on what chromosome may be linked to susceptibility to the restrictive type of Anorexia Nervosa? (Ch9) |
Chromosome 1 |
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What hormone system is disrupted due to a lack of tryptophan in the system? (ch9) |
Serotonin |
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T/F: Genetics plays a part in developing eating disorders. (ch9) |
True |
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What are sociocultural factors that affect the development of eating disorders? (ch9) |
1. Images of unrealstic "thin ideal" in entertainment 2. Emphasis on thinness in the fashion industry 3. Media |
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The term "rexy" was coined by Kate Moss. What does it mean? (ch9) |
It's a combination of Anorexic and Sexy. Emphasizing the sexiness of being anorexically thin |
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What are the treatments used for anorexia nervosa? (ch9) |
1. Medication (antidepressants, antipsychotics) 2. Family Therapy 3. Cognitive-behavioral therapy |
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What are the treatments used for bulimia nervosa (ch9) |
1. Medications (antidepressants) 2. Cognitive-behavioral therapy 3. Interpersonal psychotherapy 4. Preferred combination of Cognitive behavioral therapy and medications |
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What are the treatments used for Binge-eating nervosa? (ch9) |
1. Medications (Antidepressants, appetite suppressants, anticonvulsants 2. Sibutramine (medication that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine) 3. Cognitive-behavioral therapy |
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T/F: Men have a better perception of an ideal body than women. (ch9) |
True |
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What medication is used to inhibit the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine? (ch9) |
Sibutramine |
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This is the refusal to maintain a normal body weight and an intense fear of gaining weight. (ch9) A. Anorexia Nervosa B. Bulemia Nervosa C. Binge-eating disorder D. Obesity |
A. Anorexia Nervosa |
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An Example of purging, which often occurs with Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and Binge-Eating Disorder would be____________. (ch9) A. Use of laxatives B. Self-induced vomiting C. Use of enema D. All of the above |
D. All of the above |
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What fraction of American adults are obese? (ch9)
A. 1/2 B. 1/3 C. 1/4 D. 1/8 |
B. 1/3 |
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What are some health risks associated with obesity? (ch9) |
1. Hypertension 2. Joint disease 3. sleep apnea 4. cardiovascular disease 5. diabetes 6. cancer |
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Which of the following BMI is considered to be obese? (ch9) A. 18.5-24.9 B. 25-29.9 C. 30-39.9 D. 40 |
C. 30-39.9 |
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What ethnicity has been shown to have the highest level of obesity among women? (ch9) A. Caucasians B. Latin Americans C. African Americans D. Asian Americans |
C. African Americans |
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What ethnicity has been shown to have the highest level of obesity among men? (ch9) A. Caucasians B. Latin Americans C. African Americans D. Asian Americans |
A. Causians |
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T/F: Genes have been seen to contribute to the development of obesity (Ch9) |
True |
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This genetic mutation is an uncommon genetic disorder. It causes poor muscle tone, low levels of sex hormones anda constant feelign of hunger. (Ch9) |
Prader-Willi Syndrome |
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This hormone is produced by fat cells, it acts to reduce our intake of food (ch9) |
Leptin |
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T/F: Increased levels of body fat leads to increased levels of leptin (ch9) |
True |
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This hormone is produced by the stomach to stimulate hunger (Ch9) |
Grehlin |
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Social contagions are thought to increase an individual's risk of obesity. When a loved one becomes obese, what are the chances that their spouse will become obese as well? (Ch9) |
57% |
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What are the treatments for obesity? (ch9) |
1. Lifestyle modifications 2. Medication 3. Bariatric/Gastric bypass surgery |
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These type of disorders are categorized into clusters A, B, or C. (ch 10) |
Personality disorders |
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What are the clinical features of all personality disorders? (ch10) |
1. Display of certain traits that are inflexible and maladaptive that they are unable to perform adequately in roles expected by society. 2. Cause difficulty in both their own lives and others 3. Do not stem from debilitating reactions to stress 4. Can be associated by one of the clusters of personality disorders |
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Which of the following clusters include the personality disorders that seem odd or eccentric? (Ch10)
A. Cluster A B. Cluster B C. Cluster C |
A. Cluster A |
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Which of the following clusters include personality disorders that tend to be more dramatic, emotional, and erratic? (ch10) A. Cluster A B. Cluster B C. Cluster C |
B. Cluster B |
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Which of the following clusters include personality disorders that tend to exhibit anxiety and fearfulness? (ch10) A. Cluster A B. Cluster B C. Cluster C |
C. Cluster C |
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Which of the following type of disorders are at greater risk of misdiagnosis than any other disorder? (ch10) A. Eating Disorders B. Paraphilic Disorders C. Personaliy Disorders D. Sexual Disorders |
C. Personality Disorders
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T/F: Causal factors in Personality Disorders are currently unknown (ch10) |
True |
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What are some reasons as to researching personality disorders can be difficult? (ch10) |
1. More are misdiagnosed with personality disorder than any other disorder 2. Causal factors are unknown 3. DIagnostic criteria are not specifically defined. 4. Many people have traits of more than just one personality disorder making most diagnoses unreliable. 5. There are no reliable measurement tools. |
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Why are many diagnoses of Personality Disorder so unreliable? (ch10) |
Many people have traits of more than just one personality disorder |
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Name all of the Cluster A Personality Disorders (ch10) |
1. Paranoid Personality Disorder 2. Schizoid Personality Disorder 3. Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
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This type of Personality Disorder typically exhibit pervasive distrust or suscpiciousness of others. (ch10) A. Paranoid Personality Disorder B. Schizoid Personality Disorder C. Schizotypal Personality Disorder D. Histrionic Personality Disorder |
A. Paranoid Personality Disorder |
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Name all of the criteria associated with Paranoid personality disorder (ch10) |
Pervasive distrust or suspiciousness of others in at least 4 of the following: 1. Suspiciousness of being deceived, harmed. 2. Unjustified doubts of loyalty 3. reluctance to confide in others 4. Hidden demeaning or threatening meanings in benign marks 5. Bears grudges, does not forgive insults 6. Agnry reactions to perceived attacks on his or her character 7. Recurrent suspicions regarding infidelity |
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Which of the following is NOT a Cluster A personality disorder? (ch10) A. Schizoid Personality Disorder B. Schizotypal Personality Disorder C. Paranoid Personality Disorder D. Borderline Personality Disorder |
D. Borderline Personality Disorder |
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Individuals who suffer from this type of personality disorder are often considered loners (ch10)
A. Paranoid Personality Disorder B. Schizoid Personality Disorder C. Schizotypal Personality Disorder D. Borderline Personality Disorder |
B. Schizoid Personality Disorder |
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This type of personality disorder is identified with pervasive detachment from social relationships (ch10) |
Schizoid Personality Disorder |
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Name all of the criteria used to diagnose Schizoid Personality Disorder (ch10) |
Pervasive detachment from social relationships in at least 4 of the following: 1. Neither desires nor enjoys close relationships 2. Almot always chooses solitary activities "loners" 3. Has little if any interest in sexual experiences 4. Takes pleasrue in few if any activities 5. Lacks close friends 6. Appears indifferent to the praise of others 7. Shows emotional coldness, detachment, and flat affect. |
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This type of personality disorder is marked with pervaisve patterns of social and interpersonal deficits (ch10) |
Schizotypal Personality Disorder |
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Name all of the criteria used in diagnosis of a schizotypal personality disorder (ch10) |
Pervasive pattern of socail and interpersonal deficits shown in at least 5 of the following: 1. Ideas of reference 2. Odd beliefs or magical thinking 3. Unusual perceptual expereinces 4. Odd thinking and speech 5. Suspiciousness or paranoid ideation 6. Inappropriate or constricted affect 7. Excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity |
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Travis is a senior in high school who is deeply infactuated in magic and the occult. He often exhibits odd behaviors during class which has caused him to make very few friends. He has mentioned on multiple occassions that he suspects the several classmates plotting his death behind his back, but does not fear them as he believes he has been bestowed with magical powers that will protect him. Based on these things, Travis is most likely to be diagnosed with what disorder? (ch10)
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Schizotypal personality disorder |
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Brittany is in middle school and has had trouble making and keeping friends. She is reluctant to trust others and is often suspicious of those around her trying to harm her. Many of the other children in her school have retracted from engaging in jokes with Brittany because of the way that she reacts. She gets angry when they joke with her as she feels that they are attacking her. Brittany is likely to be diagnosed with what disorder? (ch10) |
Paranoid Personality DIsorder |
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T/F: Individuals with histrionic personality disorder use their appearance and sexual seduction to get their way |
True. Individuals with this disorder are uncomfortable if they are not the center of attention and will utilize their appearance and seductive behavior to draw attention to themselves. |
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T/F: In borderline personality disorder self injury is a way to communicate distress (ch10) |
True
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Name all of the personality disorders associated with Cluster B (ch10) |
1. Histrionic personality disorder 2. Narcissistic personality disorder 3. Borderline personality disorder |
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This personality disorder is marked with pervasive patterns of excessive emotionality (ch10) |
Histrionic personality disorder |
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What are criterias of diagnosis for histrionic personality disorder? (ch10) |
Pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality in at least 5 of the following:
1. Discomfort when not the center of attention. 2. Inappropriate sexually seductive behavior 3. Shallow expression of emotions 4. Considers relationships to be more intimate 5. Uses physical appearance to draw attention 6. Excessively impressionistic style of speech |
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This personality disorder has been linked to antisocial personality disorder as an expression in women (ch10) |
Histrionic personality disorder |
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Linda is a freshmen in college. She wants to be the most popular girl in school. She decides to use her natural beauty to draw the attention of most of the boys at her school. She gets very uncomfortable when she sees other girls getting more attention than her. Linda is likely to be diagnosed with what disorder? (ch10) |
Histrionic personality disorder |
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This personality disorder is marked with pervaisve patterns of grandiosity (ch10) |
Narcissistic personality disorder |
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Name all of the criteria for diagnosing Narcissistic Personality Disorder (ch10)
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Pervasive pattern of grandiosity as indicated by at least 5 of the following: 1. Grandiose sense of self importance 2. Preoccupation with success 3. Belief that he/she is special 4. Excessive need for admiration 5. Tendency to be interpersonally exploitative 6. Lacks empathy 7. Often arrogant 8. Sense of entitlement 9. Envious of others |
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Brad is a straight A honor student in his middle school. He has gained the praise of most of his teachers and student. Brad, however, feels that his work is unappreciated. At his school's science fair, Brad placed 2nd to which he immediately expressed rage stating that he should've gotten first place. This type of behavior has been evident since Brad has been in elementary school. Brad will likely be diagnosed with what disorder? (ch10) |
Narcissistic personality behavior. |
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Where has Narcissistic personality disorder believed to have stemmed from? (ch10) |
Parental neglect and devaluing or unrealistic parental overvaluation which can lead to searching for affirmation of an idealized and grandiose sense of self. |
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This type of personality disorder is marked with pervasive patterns of instability in interpersonal relationships (ch10) |
Borderline personality disorder |
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What are the clinical diagnosis for borderline personality disorder (ch10) |
Pervasive pattern of instability in interpersonal relationships shown in at least 5 of the following: 1. Frantic efforts to avoid abandonment 2. A pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships 3. Identity disturbance 4. Impulsivity in at least two potentially self-damaging areas 5. Recurrent suicidal behaviors 6. Affective instability 7. Chronic feelings of emptiness 8. Intense anger 9. Paranoid ideation |
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Stacy is a freshmen in high school who is currently dating a freshman in college. They've only been dating for a week, but Stacy feels that they'll get married. This is her fourth relationship within 2 months. She has mentioned on several occasions that if he breaks up with her she would kill herself. Stacy would likely be diagnosed with what disorder (ch10) |
Borderline personality disorder |
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T/F: Individuals who suffer from borderline personaltiy disorder are likely to have a history of child abuse (ch10)
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True |
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Name all of the personality disorders categorized under Cluster C (ch10) |
1. Avoidant personality disorder 2. Dependent personality disorder 3. Compulsive personality disorder |
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this type of personality disorder is marked by a pervasive pattern of social inhibition (ch10) |
Avoidant personality disorder |
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What are the criterias used to diagnose avoidant personality disorder (ch10) |
Pervasive pattern of social inhibition indicated by at least 4 of the following: 1. Avoids occupations with interpersonal contact 2. Unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked 3. Restraint with intimate relationships 4. Preoccupation with being criticized 5. Feelings of inadequacy 6. Views self as socially inept. |
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Which eating disorder is not a condition found in the DSM? |
Obesity
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What is a controversial aspect of the diagnostic criteria for anorexia nervosa? |
Amenorrhea (abnormal absence of menstruation) |
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Cindy is 5'6" tall and weighs 92 pounds. She is very concerned about her weight. However, at times she finds herself eating large amounts of food - several boxes of cookies, gallons of ice cream, entire cakes - all in an evening. Afterwards, she makes herself throw up. Cindy's most likely diagnosis is |
Anorexia Nervosa (binge-eating & purging type). Because she is already underweight. |
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How does the mindset of people with bulimia and people with anorexia differ? |
People with anorexia are not bothered by other people's opinions and live in denial while people with bulimia are very concerned and try to hide the disorder |
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What has been identified as a risk factor for eating disorders in men? |
Homosexuality |
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What disorders are often comorbid with eating disorders? |
Depression, OCD, Substance-abuse disorders, personality disorders |
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Rates of eating disorders tend to be much lower in black women than in white women. However, one factor that increases risk in black women is |
The internalization of the white middle-class values of thinnes. Also if they have weak ethnic identities |
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What is the prognosis for anorexia nervosa? |
Poor. ~3% die from complications. Even after recovery relapse is high |
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What neurotransmitter seems to be involved in both eating disorders and depression? |
Serotonin |
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What do families with people with anorexia have in common? |
Dysfunction, poor communication, thinness , and diets, views of perfectionism |
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What is the relationship between sexual abuse and the development of eating disorders |
Children of sexual abuse or physical neglect have had higher rates of eating disorders in adolescence and adulthood |
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Research suggests that _________ provides the best immediate and long term outcomes in the treatment of bulimia nervosa |
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) |
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There is a general agreement among researchers that personality is based on |
Five personality trait dimensions: 1. Neuroticism 2. Extraversion/introversion 3. Openness to expereince 4. agreeableness/antagonism 5. Conscientiousness |
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HOw do the behavioral patterns of individuals with personality disorders change over time? |
Relatively consistent over time |
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According to the DSM-5, what must be true to diagnose a personality disorder? |
The person's enduring patterns of behavior must be pervasive and inflexible, as well as stable and of long duration. It must also cause either clinically significant distress or impairment in functioning. |
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Misdiagnoses are common when looking at potential personality disorders due to |
1. Many people have traits that appear as more than one personality disorder. 2. Theres a lack of reliable measurement tools. 3. Diagnostic criteria is not clearly defined. 4. Causal factors are unknown |
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What role does temperament play in the etiology of personality disorder? |
A temperament lays the early foundation for the development of the adult personality. Since most temperamental and personality traits seem moderately heritable, it is likely that there is a genetic component to certain personality disorders |
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The "clusters" are personality disorders found in the DSM-5 are grouped based on what criteria |
These were derived on the basis of what were originally thought to be important similarites of features among the disorders within a given cluster |
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What do all of the Cluster A disorders have in common? |
Odd and ecccentric |
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What are the Cluster B personality disorders? |
1. Histrionic 2. Narcissistic 3. Borderline |
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How does paranoid schizophrenia differ from paranoid personality disorder? |
Schizophrenia impairs social relationships, inability, and lack of desire to form attachments. Paranoid wants to form attachment distrusts others and has suspicions |
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Sam shows little emotion and is a loner. He has no social relationships other than his family, and he seems to experience little pleasures, if any. What personality disorder might Sam have? |
Schizoid personality disorder |
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A woman is vain and self-centered. When she goes out, it is not all uncommon for her to do thing sthat ensure that she is the center of attention. Her close friends describe her as a "drama queen". Assuming that her behavior is sufficient to warrant a diagnosis what would she be diagnosed with? |
Histrionic personality disorder |
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Symptoms of what disorder usually precede antisodcial personality disorder? |
Conduct disorder (occurs before age 15) |
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Psychoactive substance dependence is deined as |
the use of psychoactive substances to the point of where one has a marked physiological need for increasing amounts of the substance to achieve the desired effects (i.e. nicotine) |
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Tolerance is defined as |
The need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effects |
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How do alcohol problems affect your life span? |
The life span o the average person with alcohol dependence is about 12 years shorter than that of the average personw ithout the disorder |
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Which mental disorder is most commonly comorbid with alcoholism
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Major depressive disorder |
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How does alcohol affect the brain at varios levels
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1. Lower levels: Alcohol stimulates the brain cells and activates the brain's "pleasure areas" which release opium-like endogenou opioids that are stored in the body 2. Higher levels: Alcohol depresses brain fucntioning, inhibting one of the brain's excitatory neurotransmitters, glutamate, which in turn slows down activity in the brain |
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Karsakoff's psychosis is known in the DSM-5 as |
Persisting alcohol disorder AKA. Alcohol Amnestic Disorder: A neurological condition resulting from chronic alcohol abuse and severe malnutrition |
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Studies of the genetics of alcoholism have shown |
Almost 1/3 of alcoholics had at least 1 parent with an alcohol problem and that alcoholism may be inherited |
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An individual with which personality disorder is most likely to also abuse alcohol? |
Antisocial personality disorder |
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The tension-reduction model of alcoholism suggests |
Anyone who finds alcohol tension-reducing is in danger of abusing alcohol, even without stressful situations |
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Christian and Christine are both being treated for alcohol dependence by being given medications. Christian's medications make him vomit if he drinks after taking it. Christine's medication reduces her craving fro alcohol. Christian's medication is likely ____________ while Christine's is likely ______________ |
Disulfiram (causes vomiting) ; Naltrexone (reduces cravings of alcohol) |
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The abstinence violation effect is defined as |
An abstinent person may hold that they should not under any circumstances, transgress or give into the old habit. They hold themselves highly on not drinking. If they take a drink, they feel immense guilt, giving up abstinence as they see they have already failed |
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Melissa has been using cocaine for many months. She decides to stop. She can expect? |
Symptoms of depression, fatigue, disturbed sleep, and increased dreaming |
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What are some of the cross-cultural similarities and differences concerning sexual behavior? |
Attitudes toward premarital sex and sexual behavior varies greatly. All cultures have taboos against sex between close relatives. |
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What theory suggests that "wasting semen through masturbation and patronizing prostitutes is damaging to the nervous system"? |
Degeneracy Theory |
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Kellog's cornflakes were designed to be anti-masturbation food because it was believed that? |
Consumpton of meat increased sexual desires. Masturbation caused insanity. Sexual urges could be curbed by eating bland foods |
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It was believed that masturbation caused what mental health condition |
Insanity |
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The kinsey report is noteworthy abouthomosexuality in that it said |
Homosexuality was more common than previously believed |
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What are the reasons given for the elevated risk for mental problems in homosexual men and women |
Gay and lesbians have higher rates in anxiety disorders and depression caused by stressful life events related to societal stigmatizing of homosexualtiy |
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What is a paraphilia? |
Persistent sexual behavior patterns in which unusual objects/subjects, rituals, or situations are required for full sexual satisfaction |
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Rachel has a shoe fetish - she is not able to enjoy sex unless her partner is wearing her shoes. She needs to be touching the shoes in order to achieve sexual gratification. She becomes aroused by the sight of her own shoes. What is unique about Rachel's case of shoe fetishism? |
It is not harming anyone so while it is still a paraphilia it is not a paraphilic disorder. Also, female fetishism is rare |
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Frotteurism is defined as |
A term that refers to interest in rubbing against a nonconsenting person for sexual gratification |
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The most common theory about voyeurs suggests that |
Voyeurism is probably the most common illegal sexual activity. Voyeuristic activities often provide important compensatory feelings of power and secret domination. They have difficulty relating to women and find peeping satisfies needs in a way that feel safe and powerful |
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Matthew has always felt he was really a girl. He dress in girl's clothing as a child and still wants to be a girl. He is sure a mistake was made and that he is inhabiting the wrog sexed body. Matthew appears to suffer from |
Gender Identity Disorder (gender Dysphoria |
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The only treatment that has shown to be effective in treating gender dysphoria is |
Surgical sex reassignment |
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Rod is a pedophile. If his sexual responsiveness is similar to that found in studies of pedophiles, he will respond to erotic pictures of |
Children |
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Psychosis is a striking and essential feature of schizophrenia. Psychosis is defined as |
A significant loss of contact with reality. |
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Schizophrenia occurs in about 1 out of ________ in the general population |
140 |
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The majority of cases of schizophrenia begin withint he age period of |
18-30 |
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Delusions are defined as |
An erroneous belief that is fixed and firmly held despite clear contradictory evidence |
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Hallucinations are defined as |
A sensory experiene that seems real to the person having it, but occurs in the absence of any external perceptual stimulus |
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What type of hallucinations are the most common |
Auditory |
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"My father and I swiggered to the beach yesterday" This isa ne xample of what psychotic symptom |
Neologism (Made up words) |
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What are considered the "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia |
1. Flat affect (blunt emotional expressiveness) 2. Alogia (very little speech) 3. Avolition (Inability to initiate/persist in goal directed activities |
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Dianna exhibits a variety of schizophrenic symptoms including delusions, auditory hallucinations, and formal thought disorder. She has been symptomatic for a little more than a month. Dianna qualifies for a diagnosis of |
Schizophreniform Disorder |
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What factors have een found to lead to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia? |
Genetics, environment, prenatal exposure, brain lesions. |
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A mother constantly demands that her son show her how much she is loved, but when he tries to hug her she yells at him to be more discreet. No matter what the child does, he is wrong. Further, the mother prohibits him from commenting on this paradox. What does this interaction pattern best illustrate |
Double-blind communication |
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In the DSM-5, the disorders now known as "delirium, dementia, and amnestic and other cognitive disorders" will be part of a newly proposed category called |
Neurocongenitive disorders |
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When Mrs. Smith experienced a stroke, a small area of her brain was deprived of blood. This may have resulted in a ________________ |
Focal brain lesion |
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Suddenly, Karen is unable to remember what she was doing. She screams that bugs are crawling all over the walls. She begins to wildly swing her arms around. She can't fall asleep at night, but finally falls alsleep at daylight. Karen suffers from |
Delirium |
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The first sign of neurocognitive disorder in older adults is typically |
Dementia (Lack of memory for recent events |
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The particular disease that most commonly causes dementia
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Alzheimer's disease (degenerative brain diseae) |
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In order for a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease to be definitely made one must do what |
Examine brain tissue usually acquired after death |
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What types of delusion are most commonly seen in alzheimer's disease
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Jealousy, family members accused of poisoning the patient, plotting to steal money |
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The first neurons to be affected in alzheimer's disease are cells that release what neurotransmitter |
Acetylcholine (Ach) |
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After the car accident, Kristie was unable to remember what happened fromt he time of the crash until the following morning. Kristie appears to have experienced _______________ amnesia |
Anterograde amnesia |
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Suppose youw ere the director of a mentl health center that provided treatment for children. Based on research you would expect taht your treatment populationw ould be comprised of |
Children under the age of 18 and their family |
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Among childr,e the most commonly diagnosed disorders are |
ADHD, ODD, Anxiety, Separation anxiety disorder, and depression |
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A young child who tries to kill himself may have what type of belief |
Hopelessness and worthlessness. They may have unrealistic beliefs about death. |
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Children with ADHD that have symptoms of hyperactivity are viewed by their peers as |
Intrusive and immature (negative) |
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As children with ADHD become adolescents and adults their symptoms |
Their symptoms remain the same or becomes worse |
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The term " Juvenile delinquent" is defined as |
A legal term used to refer to violations of the law committed by minors |
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Girls with conduct disorder present with what problems and are at risk for |
Unwed pregnancy and substance abuse |
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The parenting style of adults who have children with conduct disorder typically involve |
Ineffective parenting, rejection, harsh and inconsistent discipline, and parental neglect |
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Separation anxiety disorder is defined as |
Developmentally inappropriate and excessive fear of anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is attached |
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How do anxiety disorders of childhood change as the child ages |
They often taper off as the child is exposed to positive events |
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Childhood and adult depression differ in what ways |
Clear differences in the hormonal levels and in response to treatment. Strong correlation between depression severity and right amygdala activity. |
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Juliet is a depressed child. When she wins a prize at school for her art project how is she likely to explain it? |
I just got lucy |
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After her parent's divorce, Kelly began wetting the bed. She wets the bed almost nightly, and is embarrased about it in the morning. What disorder would this 7 year old be diagnosed iwth |
Enuresis |
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What has been found to be the most effective approach to the treatment of enuresis |
Conditioning (learning-based) procedure |
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Coprolalia is defined as |
Verbal tic in which an individual utters obscenities aloudA |
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uAutism is defined as |
Pervasive developmental disorder beginning in infancy and involving a wide range of problematic behaviors - deficits in language, perception, and motor development; defective reality testing and social withdrawel. |
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Shortly after birth, Darren's head began to grow. At age 5, a shunt was placed in his skull to drain fluid. He has seizures, trouble seeing, and is mildly retarded, Darrens suffered from |
Hydrocephaly |
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What are universal intervetion concerned with |
Altering conditions that can cause or contribute to mental disorder (risk factors) and establishing conditions that foster positive mental health (Protective factors) |
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What are the requirements ofr psychosocial health |
1. Develop effective problem solving skills 2. Build their accurate identity 3. Preparation for problems associated with life stages |
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The effectiveness of the school-based intervention program called DARE has been shown to be |
Limited success at deterring substance abuse |
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Combined prevention programs that educate about drugs and teach skills needed to refuse alcohol and drug use demands have shown |
The most effective way to prevent complex problems (substance abuse) is through the use of multicomponent programs that combine aspects of various programs |
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Indicated prevention emphasizes |
The early detection and prompt treatment of maladaptive beavior in a person's family and community setting |
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Community-based treatment programs are now referred to as |
Milleu therapy/after care programs |
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What are some of the unforeseen consequences of deinstitutionalization |
Homelessness and prisons
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Forensic psychology is concerned with |
Focused on the rights of patients and the rights of members of society to be protected from mentally disturbed individuals |
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Which type of patient can be committed against their will to a psychiatric hospital? |
A patient who is incapable of providing for their basic physical needs. Unable to make responsible decisions about hospitalization and msut proove that they are a danger to themselves and/or others |
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Emergency hospitalization without a committment hearing is permitted when? |
If there is no time to get a court order for committment or if there is imminent danger |
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Homicidal behavior amongst former patients is greatest with a diagnosis of |
Schizophrenia, antisocial personality, alcoholism |
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What kind of mistake when assessing dangerousness? |
They typically over over-predict violence and consider felons to be more dangerous than they actually are. |
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What is one of the best predictors of future violence? |
Past history of violece |
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In most states that have a Tarasoff-type rule, whena c lient threatens somone, a therapist must do what? |
Warn the prospective victim via "reasonable efforts" as well as inform an appropriate law enforcement agency |
