Psy 202 Chapter 12 & 13 Test

Front 1

A _____________________ is a relatively consistent characteristic exhibited in different situations.

Back 1

Personality Trait

Front 2

_____________ is a consistent set of behavioral characteristics that people display over time and across situations and that distinguish individuals from each other.

Back 2

Personality

Front 3

Those traits that affect a wide range of behavior are called __________ traits.

Back 3

Central

Front 4

______________ is a view of personality in which both traits and situations are believed to affect thoughts, feelings, and behavior.

Back 4

Interactionism

Front 5

_____________ is a view of personality that regards behavior mostly as a function of the situation and not of internal traits.

Back 5

Situationism

Front 6

______________ is an innate inclination to engage in a certain style of behavior.

Back 6

Temperament

Front 7

In Psychodynamic Theory, the __________ houses a person's sense of right and wrong.

Back 7

Superego

Front 8

The _____ houses sexual and aggressive drives, physical needs, and some simple psychological needs.

Back 8

Id

Front 9

The ______ tries to balance the competing demands of the Id, Superego, and reality.

Back 9

Ego

Front 10

____________ is a state in which energy is still focused on an earlier stage of development.

Back 10

Fixation

Front 11

Freud described five ______________ stages of personality development: oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency period, and genital stage.

Back 11

Psychosexual

Front 12

A ___________________ is an unconscious psychological means by which a person tries to prevent unacceptable thoughts or urges from reaching conscious awareness.

Back 12

Defense Mechanism

Front 13

____________ is a defense mechanism that occurs when the unconscious prevents threatening thoughts, impulses, and memories from consciousness.

Back 13

Repression

Front 14

According to Jung, the _____________________ contains a storehouse of ideas and memories common to all people and shared on an unconscious level.

Back 14

Collective Unconscious

Front 15

According to Adler, an ____________________ is the experience that occurs when feelings of inferiority are so strong that they hamper striving for superiority.

Back 15

Inferiority Complex

Front 16

According to Horney, ________________ is the all pervasive feeling of being alone and helpless in the hostile world.

Back 16

Basic Anxiety

Front 17

According to Humanistic Theory, _________________ is an innate motivation to obtain the highest possible emotional and intellectual potential.

Back 17

Self-Actualization

Front 18

Carl Rogers focused on ___________ which is our sense of self and how others see us.

Back 18

Self Concept

Front 19

In Cognitive Theory, ______________ are expectations that have a powerful influence on thoughts, feelings, behavior, and personality.

Back 19

Expectancies

Front 20

Locus of control can be ________ or external.

Back 20

Internal

Front 21

__________________ is the way people act toward other people, individuals, or groups.

Back 21

Social Behavior

Front 22

_________ Psychology is the study of how people think about other people and interact in relationships and groups.

Back 22

Social

Front 23

How people perceive their social world and how they attend to, store, remember, and use information about other people and the social world is called _______________________.

Back 23

Social Cognition

Front 24

_____________________________ is a person's efforts to control the type of impression he/she creates.

Back 24

Impression Management

Front 25

__________________________ is the process of developing impressions of others.

Back 25

Impression Formation

Front 26

An ___________ is an overall evaluation about some aspect of the world.

Back 26

Attitude

Front 27

_____________________ is the uncomfortable state that arises because of a discrepancy between an attitude and a behavior or between two attitudes.

Back 27

Cognitive Dissonance

Front 28

__________________ Theory states that people come to understand themselves by making inferences from their own behavior and the events surrounding the behavior.

Back 28

Self Perception

Front 29

An attempt to change people's attitudes is called ________________.

Back 29

Persuasion

Front 30

A ____________ is a belief about people in a particular social category.

Back 30

Stereotype

Front 31

_____________ is a generally negative attitude toward members of a group.

Back 31

Prejudice

Front 32

An _____________ is an explanation for the cause of an event or behavior. There are two types: internal and external.

Back 32

Attribution

Front 33

The ______________________ Theory proposes that individuals act to maximize the gains and minimize the losses in their relationships.

Back 33

Social Exchange

Front 34

A ________ is a social entity characterized by regular interaction among members, emotional connection, a common frame of reference, and interdependence.

Back 34

Group

Front 35

A ______ constitutes the behaviors that a member in a given position in a group is expected to perform.

Back 35

Role

Front 36

_____________ is a change of beliefs or actions in order to follow a group's norms.

Back 36

Conformity

Front 37

______________ is a change in behavior brought about through a direct request rather than by social norms.

Back 37

Compliance

Front 38

_____________ is compliance with an order.

Back 38

Obedience

Front 39

___________ behavior is acting to benefit others.

Back 39

Prosocial

Front 40

The __________________ is the decrease in offers of assistance that occurs as the number of bystanders increases.

Back 40

Bystander Effect