Psy 201- Ch 13

Front 1

psychological disorder

Back 1

syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in a person's thoughts, feelings, or behaviors

Front 2

Philippe Pinel

Back 2

-opposed brutal treatment and proposed moral treatment

-viewed madness as a sickness of mind caused by severe stress and inhumane treatment

Front 3

medical model

Back 3

concept that diseases (psychological) have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated and often cured through treatment in a hospital

Front 4

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

(ADHD)

Back 4

a psychological disorder marked by extreme inattention and/or hyperactivity and impulsivity

Front 5

DSM-5

Back 5

-American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th edition

-widely used system for classifying psychological disorders

Front 6

anxiety disorders

Back 6

psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety and maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety

Front 7

generalized anxiety disorder

Back 7

person is constantly tense, fearful, and uneasy for no apparent reason

Front 8

panic disorder

Back 8

person experiences sudden episodes of intense dread and often lives in fear of when the next attack might strike

Front 9

phobia

Back 9

person feels irrationally and intensely afraid of a specific object or situation

Front 10

Obsessive-compulsive disorder

(OCD)

Back 10

person is troubled by repetitive thoughts (obsessions) or actions (compulsions)

Front 11

posttraumatic stress disorder

(PTSD)

Back 11

person has lingering memories, nightmares, and other symptoms for weeks after a severely threatening, uncontrollable event

Front 12

hypervigilance

Back 12

interpretations and expectations shape reactions

Front 13

substance use disorder

Back 13

continued substance craving and use despite significant life disruption and/or physical risk

Front 14

pschoactive drug

Back 14

chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood

Front 15

drug effectiveness

Back 15

depends on biological effects and the user's psychological expectations

Front 16

tolerance

Back 16

with repeated use, the desired effect requires larger doses

Front 17

addiction

Back 17

compulsive craving of drugs or certain behaviors (gambling) despite known harmful consequences

Front 18

withdrawal

Back 18

discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing and addictive drug or behavior

Front 19

depressants

Back 19

drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

-(alcohol, barbiturates, opiates)

Front 20

alcohol use disorder

Back 20

(alcoholism)

alcohol use marked by tolerance, withdrawal, and a drive to continue problematic use

Front 21

barbiturates

Back 21

drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement

Front 22

tranquilizers

Back 22

reduce anxiety with minimal sedation

Front 23

opiates

Back 23

opium and its derivatives (morphine, heroin) that depresses neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

Front 24

stimulants

Back 24

-drugs such as caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, cocaine, ecstasy

-excites neural activity and speeds up body functions

Front 25

amphetamines

Back 25

drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Front 26

nicotine

Back 26

stimulating and highly addictive psychoactive drug in tobacco

Front 27

cocaine

Back 27

stimulant that produces a quick rush of euphoria followed by a crash of depression 15-30 minutes later

Front 28

methamphetamine

Back 28

powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes

Front 29

ecstasy (MDMA)

Back 29

synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen that produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to mood and cognition

Front 30

hallucinogens

Back 30

psychedelic drugs such as LSD that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input

Front 31

LSD

(lysergic acid diethylamide)

Back 31

powerful hallucinogenic drug also known as acid

Front 32

marijuana

Back 32

plant that is smoked or eaten

-produces heightened senses and relaxes and impairs motor and perceptual skills and reaction time

(THC)- major active ingredient

Front 33

mood disorders

Back 33

psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes

Front 34

major depressive disorder

Back 34

a persistent state of hopeless depression that occurs when signs of depression last two or more weeks and are not caused by drugs or a medical condition

Front 35

bipolar disorder

Back 35

mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania

Front 36

mania

Back 36

a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state

Front 37

non-suicidal self-injury

Back 37

includes cutting, burning, and hitting oneself, pulling out hair, inserting objects under the nails and skin, and self-administered tatooing

Front 38

schizophrenia

Back 38

psychological disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and/or diminished inappropriate emotional expression

Front 39

delusions

Back 39

false beliefs that may accompany schizophrenia and other disorders

Front 40

anorexia nervosa

Back 40

eating disorder in which a person maintains a starvation diet despite being underweight

Front 41

bulimia nervosa

Back 41

eating disorder in which a person alternates binge eating with purging, fasting, or excessive exercise

Front 42

binge-eating disorder

Back 42

significant binge eating, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the purging, fasting, or excessive exercise

Front 43

dissociative disorder

Back 43

conscious awareness becomes separated (dissociated) from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings

Front 44

dissociative identity disorder

(DID)

Back 44

a rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities

Front 45

personality disorder

Back 45

inflexible and enduring behavior pattern that impairs social functioning

Front 46

antisocial personality disorder

Back 46

personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family