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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
define LEARNING
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def.: an enduring change in behavior that results from experience
- occurs when organism benefit from experience so that their future behavior is better adapted to the environment |
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define (the process of) CONDITIONING
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def.: the process in which environmental stimuli and some sort of behavioral response become connected
- 2 types of conditioning |
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name & define the
2 types of CONDITIONING |
1) CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
def. a type of learned response that occurs when a neutral object comes to elicit a reflexive response when it is associated with a stimulus that already produce that response - occur when two types of events goes together, i.e. walking in the rain and getting wet -- -- 2) OPERANT CONDITIONING def.: a learning process in which the consequence of an action determine the likelihood that it will be performed in the future - occurs when we learn that a behavior leads to a particular outcome, i.e. studying leads to better grades |
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UR, US, CS, & CR
are CONCEPTS of: |
classical conditioning
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define UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE (UR)
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def.: a response that does not have to be learned, such as a reflex
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define UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS (US)
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def.: a stimulus that elicits a response, such as a reflex, without any prior learning
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define CONDITIONED STIMULUS (CS)
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def.: a stimulus that elicits a response after learning has taken place
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define CONDITIONED RESPONSE (CR)
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def.: a response that has been learned
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Although CR and UR are essentially the same response, they are not exactly alike. What is the difference?
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typically UR is less intense than CR
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PAVLOV
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1)physiologist
2) main research interest: salivary reflex of animal - observation: dogs salivated before they actually got the food - est'd concept of conditioning and attributed that to the learning process |
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briefly explain PAVLOV'S STUDY
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1) present 2 stimuli together:
.one naturally eliciting salivation .one does not normally elicit salivation 2) pair the two stimuli repeatedly 3) present only the stimulus that doe not usually elicit salivation 4) salivation occurs - - result: association of food w/bowl to elicit salivary reflex is a learned response |