Psc131 Mt2

Front 1

1.As Tyler looks down a railroad track, he perceives the sides of the tracks as becoming closer as the
distance increases. This is an example of

Back 1

-perspective convergence

Front 2

Which of the following depth cues is effective both from 0-2 meters and above 30 meters?

Back 2

-occlusion

Front 3

The imaginary plane in which all objects project to corresponding points in the left and right retina is

Back 3

-The horopter

Front 4

The results of the patient D.F., who had visual form agnosia

Back 4

-show that perception and action are independent of each other in the brain

Front 5

Gestalt “laws” are more accurately described as heuristics because they

Back 5

-provide a “best-guess” as to the perception of an object

Front 6

According to recognition-by-components theory, the 3D features that objects are composed of are called

Back 6

-geons

Front 7

Jimmy looks at a picture of a side of a bus that has dents and bumps on it. When he turns the picture
upside-down, what he originally perceived as bumps, now look like dents, and vice versa. The is due to the

Back 7

-the “light-from-above” heuristic

Front 8

When Palmer (1975) showed observers a kitchen scene and then a target picture, which picture was
identified correctly most of the time?

Back 8

-a loaf of bread, because it matches the context of the scene

Front 9

The tilted frame in a rod-and-frame test influenced the alignment of the rod in the ____ tasks

Back 9

-matching

Front 10

An area in the ___ called the ___ is thought to be specialzed to recognize faces.

Back 10

-temporal lobe; FFA

Front 11

After training participants on the recognition of “Greeble” stimuli, Gauthier et al. found that the
eneuron in the FFA responded

Back 11

-as well to Greebles as to human faces

Front 12

The most important conclusion from the “Greeble” study is that FFA ____

Back 12

-is an “expertise” area rather than a specifically a “face” area

Front 13

FFA activation in people with congenital prosopagnosia is ___ than control subjects

Back 13

-the same

Front 14

Grill-Spector et al.’s (2004) “Harrison Ford” study showed that object recognition is associated with
____, and detection is associated with ____.

Back 14

-A large response from the FFA; a smaller response from the FFA

Front 15

Tong used binocular rivalry to test the brain response when the person perceived a house or a face.
When the person perceived the house, activity in the __- increased and in the ___ decreased

Back 15

-PPA; FFA

Front 16

In the experiment by Ungerleider and Mishkin where monkeys either had to solve an object
discrimination problem or a landmark discrimination problem, monkeys that had trouble with object
discrimination had lesions to the ___ whereas monkey s that had trouble with the landmark task had lesions
to the ____

Back 16

-temporal lobes; parietal lobes

Front 17

The dorsal extra striate pathway goes to the ____ lobe

Back 17

-parietal

Front 18

The ventral extra striate pathway has also been labeled the ___ pathway.

Back 18

-what

Front 19

Prosopagnosia

Back 19

-is the inability to recognize familiar faces

Front 20

Someone with ____ would only see a face in this image and not a face constructed of fruits and veggies

Back 20

-object agnosia

Front 21

Which of the following is Not a reason that object recognition is difficult under natural conditions?

Back 21

-things that are further away appear smaller on our retinas

Front 22

Gestalt psychologists used the example of illusory contours to support the claim that

Back 22

-the whole is different than the sum of its parts

Front 23

The Olympic symbol is an example of the Gestalt law of

Back 23

-Pragnaz

Front 24

Corey looks at a flock of seagulls flying in one direction, when suddenly five of the seagulls start flying
in another direction. He now perceives two groups of birds, because of the Gestalt law of

Back 24

-common fate

Front 25

Border ownership means that when figure-ground segregation occurs, the border between the figure and
background

Back 25

-is perceived to be associated with the figure

Front 26

Which of the following is a general determinant of figure-ground segregation?

Back 26

-a lower region is more likely to be perceived as a figure than an upper region

Front 27

The fact that a V1 neuron changes firing to a horizontal line in its RF depending on whether that line is
flanked by other horizontal lines or randomly oriented lines is an example of:

Back 27

-an extra-receptive field

Front 28

A cell in area V1 of a monkey is shown to fire when a vertical bar is presented. When bars of random
orientation are added around the vertical bar, the firing rate of the cell ____; when bars of some of the
surrounding bars are changed to a vertical orientation, the firing rate of the cell ____.

Back 28

-decreases; increases

Front 29

In the Biased Competition Model of attention a neuron that has both a preferred stimulus and a non-
preferred stimulus in its receptive field at the same time will fire as if only the preferred stimulus were in its
receptive field 150ms after the stimuli appear if _____.

Back 29

-the preferred stimulus is the target

Front 30

Which of the following best describes how attention changes neural processing in V1?

Back 30

--Attention enhances the sensory response to task-relevant information

Front 31

Larissa looks at a picture of her cousin’s 18th birthday party. She is interested in figuring out where
the party was held. Her fixations from saccadic eye-movements as she looks around the picture will likely
cluster around ____

Back 31

-the surrounding objects and background scenery

Front 32

______ is when a stimulus that is not attended is not perceived, even though the person is looking
directly at the stimulus

Back 32

-inattentional blindness

Front 33

In thhe “I’m a believer” scene at the end of the movie “Shrek,” the three blind mice are turned into
the horses in one frame, but the next time we see them , they are dancing on a piano. This is a “real-life”
example of ____

Back 33

-change blindness

Front 34

Posner’s precueing studies demonstrated that attention

Back 34

-increases the speed and accuracy of information processing

Front 35

The important finding of Carrasco et al.’s (2004) research was that

Back 35

-the attended-to grating is perceived to have a higher contrast than another, identical grating.

Front 36

Yesmen is walking in a mall and thinks she sees a man wearing a red dress. She takes a longer look,
and realizes she has seen a man in a suit walking next to a woman in a red dress. This is a natural example
of

Back 36

-illusory conjunctions

Front 37

According to feature integration theory, the color, orientation, and other features of objects are initially
processed separately in the ___ stage of processing

Back 37

-preattentive

Front 38

The synchrony hypothesis proposes that ____ can be solved networks of neurons firing in synchrony

Back 38

-the binding problem

Front 39

According to Treisman, the ___ stage is the “glue” that combines al the incoming information about an
object

Back 39

-focused attention

Front 40

The size-distance scaling equation explains Emmert’s Law because

Back 40

-retinal size is constant as perceived distance changes

Front 41

The size-distance scaling equation explains the Ames Room illusion because

Back 41

-we perceive the two people in the room to be different sizes because they are perceived to be at
the same distance away and their retinal image size is different

Front 42

A major assumption of the apparent-distance theory of the moon illusion is that the sky overhead

Back 42

-appears to be closer than the horizon because of the lack of depth cues

Front 43

Sheinberg and Logothetis showed that when a monkey scans a visual scene, a neuron in the IT cortex
would

Back 43

-would fire if the monkey fixated on the parrot, followed by a motor response that indicated that
the monkey noticed the parrot

Front 44

Of the coulometer depth cues, convergence is _____ than accommodation

Back 44

-more effective

Front 45

Motion parallax

Back 45

-is widely used to create depth in cartoons and video games

Front 46

Epstein (1965) presented observers photographs of a quarter, dime, and half-dollar that were all equal in
physical size. His results showed that familiar size is most effective when other information about depth is

Back 46

-absent

Front 47

____ is the difference in the images in the two eyes; ___ is the impression of depth that results from this
information

Back 47

-binocular disparity; stereopsis

Front 48

The depth cue that is responsible for perceiving depth in ViewMasters and “3-D” movies is

Back 48

-binocular disparity

Front 49

49. Holway and Boring found that

Back 49

-size constancy is more likely to occur if you have more depth cues

Front 50

The size-distance scaling equation is S=K (R x D). The “S” in the equation stands for

Back 50

-an object’s perceived size