Ps251 - Fritz Perls

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FRITZ PERLS:

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gestalt therapy -

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gestalt:

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little bits of awareness put together

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Gestalt therapy:

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• Teaching people to be aware by focusing on the here & now
• Encourage people to truly be themselves because people play games due to of social roles/expectations
• Follow intuitions & interests

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Incomplete gestalt:

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• something you want but don’t have
• You move to satisfy them (Ex: bodily yearning - maturity means to disregard bodily yearnings)

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how psychotherapy was active/fun process:

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• when someone couldn’t describe something, he would ask them to try to explain it in a different modality (ex: can you dance it, lyrics from a song, etc)

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“lose your mind & come to your senses:”

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• finding satisfaction from your needs is better than just sitting there talking about them.
• Find satisfaction of your emotions instead of just expressing them.

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curse of the nice people:

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• they can never say no

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Influenced by Vaihinger:

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• V. helped people understand who they are & what they need
• V. said when you’re busy/active & enjoying life you’re not thinking about your problems; Our brains solve problems so when there are none, our brains create problems to solve; Need to find answers from within
• Anything internal & external = behavior. Take internal and make it external. Internal processes on same level as external behaviors. *listen to the voice inside

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Etiology (causation) of psychology:

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• people’s emotional suffering is directly related to the degree to which people are not aware of what’s occurring right now
• Unmet needs & unmet discharged tension causes stress → enough quantity = mental illness.
• Focus on what’s happening now & don’t analyze past; followed intuition and helped people focus on what ‘is’

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3 principles:

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1. Own your own projections
2. Action Awareness Continuum
3. Genuine Emotional Involvement & interactions

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Own your own projections:

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• everything we believe about or see in another person or the world is a projection from inside of us; We take our experiences & filter things through the lens that we have.
• Understanding the world is a reflection of yourself. Be aware of things you see/what you “think” is going on.
• In therapy, when a person talks about projections they are talking about themselves.
• Evident in dreams- you create the elements of a dream. People take unacceptable parts of their life & project it onto the world.

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Genuine Emotional Involvement & interactions:

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• don’t foster false emotions
• Every question is a hook of a demand - people ask you questions to hear your answer so then they can present their own opinion

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why Perls discouraged transference:

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• can’t treat someone as if they are someone else because that’s not a cure.
• Owning what’s occurring makes you whole.
• why should you pretend?
• You should become aware NOW.
• Believed therapist should not do a lot of interpreting because the therapists psyche could get in the way

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Action Awareness Continuum:

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action → emerging figure → awareness → contact - is a cycle.
• A way of directing attention to what’s going on inside or outside of self; teaches you to be aware.
• Goal: to teach you how to be aware from moment to moment, ongoing process.

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Neurosis:

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interruptions in the action-awareness continuum

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6 Boundary Disturbances between self & self image (Minor → major)

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1. introjection- taking something in without awareness
2. projection- take something unacceptable about yourself & putting it out onto world
3. retroflection- doing to the self what you really want to do to other people. Ex: depression
4. deflection/confluence- interruption. Have an opportunity to be aware of something but interrupt it. boundary between self environment is weak, easily influenced.
5. isolation/desensitization- self & environment boundary is completely lost. No sense of self.
6. egotism

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To be genuine =

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• wipe your own ass → be responsible for yourself, take care of business

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3 classes of verbiage production:

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chickenshit, bullshit, elephantshit

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reason for no false compassion :

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doesn’t do anything for you or the person you’re helping; they know you’re being fake

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roots of anxiety disorders:

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dishonesty either with the self or others

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Dream synthesis:

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have people experience dreams as if they were here & now; You create dreams & your own self experiences

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why no one can make you feel/do anything:

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Ex: “you made me angry” → no one can make you angry, you made yourself angry.