Ps 240 Final

Front 1

Guomindang

Back 1

Nationalist Party, formed after China's first revolution in 1911
united with the CCP to unite regions militarily and politically 1923-1927
1927, hardliners assassinated thousands of CCP activists in Shanghai

Front 2

CCP

Back 2

Chinese Communist Party
united with the Guomindang to unite regions militarily and politically 1923-1927
1927 Guomindang assassinateds CCP activists in Shanghai and CCP flees to develop armed forces
1928 radical land reforms, frightening wealthy peasants; poor peasants hesitant as well

took Long March, implemented mass line, and eventually were able to pass land reform in countryside; landlord class destroyed; economic recovery increased CCP's prestige

CCP gets disenchanted middle class vote; 1949 all major urban centers; Guomindang switch allegiance to CCP; Oct 1, 1949 Peoples' Republic of China born

Front 3

Mao Zedong

Back 3

leader of the CCP
believed that revolutionary potential rested in countryside; traditions btwn peasants and landlords made this difficult, so he recruited outlaws and bandit gangs

Front 4

Long March

Back 4

1933 CCP kicked out of base in Jiangxi; 1000 communists marched the Shaanxi province; nearly 20% of marchers did no survive

Front 5

Mass Line

Back 5

after the Long March of 1933, Communist party developed this strategy: reduce boundaries btwn 1) Party, institutions, and army and 2) rank-and-file peasants; decentralized, lower-level officials can implement policy for local needs, etc; officials worked alongside peasants; villagers encouraged to interact freely

Front 6

Marriage Law

Back 6

CCP passes this, transforming family relations

concubinage/forced marriage=illegal, infanticide/sale/betrothal of children=illegal; children born out wedlock given equal legal protection; women get right to own property, hold jobs, and divorce abusive/abandoning husbands

Front 7

National Capitalists

Back 7

entrepreneurs who were not allied with Guomindang; protected by state because it needed technical/managerial skills

1949-1953 private industrial firms increase sixfold

Front 8

Great Leap Forward

Back 8

1958 Mao's radical economic plan; agricultural communes in the countryside; urban industry- workers become involved with managers; all receive equal pay; 30million+ starved/died from exhuastion; abandoned 1962

Front 9

Communes

Back 9

countryside 1958 people had to live in these; local officials direct production, child care, education healthcare; changed family structure

Front 10

Cultural Revolution

Back 10

1965-1978 wanted to expunge all elements of elitism in society and make revolution and ongoing process; wanted highly politicized state;

Front 11

Red Guards

Back 11

1966 Mao orders People's Daily to run an article criticizing the Beijing University Communist Party Branch; students response was to create military org; Red Guards seize and punish anyone who possessed unwarranted prestige - sent urban into country and vice versa; nearly all universities shut down

Front 12

Deng Xiaoping

Back 12

chariman of CCP 1978 after Mao; goal=economic modernization; liberalization of prices; no incentives

Front 13

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Back 13

students at Beijing University protest against gov't; started with conditions and food, but then against gov't and CCP; democratic reforms (wanted more influence on decisions, but less state interference in daily lives); workers joined; martial law; massacred about 1000 people

Front 14

Great Leap Forward

Back 14

1958 Mao's radical economic plan; agricultural communes in the countryside; urban industry- workers become involved with managers; all receive equal pay; 30million+ starved/died from exhuastion; abandoned 1962

Front 15

New Spain

Back 15

Spanish conquered Mexico in 1500s-1824; Viceroy governed; authoritarian; Mexico and Central America and a part that belongs now to the US

Front 16

Communes

Back 16

countryside 1958 people had to live in these; local officials direct production, child care, education healthcare; changed family structure

Front 17

Viceroy

Back 17

Spanish rule in Mexico lasted til 1824; this was the Spanish king's personal representative and surrogate king of "new spain"; governed all of what is today Mexico; supreme political authority; commanded military and vicepatron of Church

Front 18

Cultural Revolution

Back 18

1965-1978 wanted to expunge all elements of elitism in society and make revolution and ongoing process; wanted highly politicized state;

Front 19

Mestizos

Back 19

19th century Mexico, many Europeans had married/had children with indigenous population, thus making independence from Spain nonviolent; European elite opted to stay in Mexico

Front 20

Red Guards

Back 20

1966 Mao orders People's Daily to run an article criticizing the Beijing University Communist Party Branch; students response was to create military org; Red Guards seize and punish anyone who possessed unwarranted prestige - sent urban into country and vice versa; nearly all universities shut down

Front 21

Deng Xiaoping

Back 21

chariman of CCP 1978 after Mao; goal=economic modernization; liberalization of prices; no incentives

Front 22

Porfirio Diaz

Back 22

first president of Mexico 1884-1911; role of state expanded and public sector grew; integrated wealthy into administration; favoritism; 1910 rebels revolt and he is exiled

Front 23

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Back 23

students at Beijing University protest against gov't; started with conditions and food, but then against gov't and CCP; democratic reforms (wanted more influence on decisions, but less state interference in daily lives); workers joined; martial law; massacred about 1000 people

Front 24

New Spain

Back 24

Spanish conquered Mexico in 1500s-1824; Viceroy governed; authoritarian; Mexico and Central America and a part that belongs now to the US

Front 25

Viceroy

Back 25

Spanish rule in Mexico lasted til 1824; this was the Spanish king's personal representative and surrogate king of "new spain"; governed all of what is today Mexico; supreme political authority; commanded military and vicepatron of Church

Front 26

Mestizos

Back 26

19th century Mexico, many Europeans had married/had children with indigenous population, thus making independence from Spain nonviolent; European elite opted to stay in Mexico

Front 27

Porfirio Diaz

Back 27

first president of Mexico 1884-1911; role of state expanded and public sector grew; integrated wealthy into administration; favoritism; 1910 rebels revolt and he is exiled

Front 28

Great Leap Forward

Back 28

1958 Mao's radical economic plan; agricultural communes in the countryside; urban industry- workers become involved with managers; all receive equal pay; 30million+ starved/died from exhuastion; abandoned 1962

Front 29

Communes

Back 29

countryside 1958 people had to live in these; local officials direct production, child care, education healthcare; changed family structure

Front 30

Cultural Revolution

Back 30

1965-1978 wanted to expunge all elements of elitism in society and make revolution and ongoing process; wanted highly politicized state;

Front 31

Red Guards

Back 31

1966 Mao orders People's Daily to run an article criticizing the Beijing University Communist Party Branch; students response was to create military org; Red Guards seize and punish anyone who possessed unwarranted prestige - sent urban into country and vice versa; nearly all universities shut down

Front 32

Deng Xiaoping

Back 32

chariman of CCP 1978 after Mao; goal=economic modernization; liberalization of prices; no incentives

Front 33

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Back 33

students at Beijing University protest against gov't; started with conditions and food, but then against gov't and CCP; democratic reforms (wanted more influence on decisions, but less state interference in daily lives); workers joined; martial law; massacred about 1000 people

Front 34

New Spain

Back 34

Spanish conquered Mexico in 1500s-1824; Viceroy governed; authoritarian; Mexico and Central America and a part that belongs now to the US

Front 35

Great Leap Forward

Back 35

1958 Mao's radical economic plan; agricultural communes in the countryside; urban industry- workers become involved with managers; all receive equal pay; 30million+ starved/died from exhuastion; abandoned 1962

Front 36

Viceroy

Back 36

Spanish rule in Mexico lasted til 1824; this was the Spanish king's personal representative and surrogate king of "new spain"; governed all of what is today Mexico; supreme political authority; commanded military and vicepatron of Church

Front 37

Communes

Back 37

countryside 1958 people had to live in these; local officials direct production, child care, education healthcare; changed family structure

Front 38

Mestizos

Back 38

19th century Mexico, many Europeans had married/had children with indigenous population, thus making independence from Spain nonviolent; European elite opted to stay in Mexico

Front 39

Cultural Revolution

Back 39

1965-1978 wanted to expunge all elements of elitism in society and make revolution and ongoing process; wanted highly politicized state;

Front 40

Porfirio Diaz

Back 40

first president of Mexico 1884-1911; role of state expanded and public sector grew; integrated wealthy into administration; favoritism; 1910 rebels revolt and he is exiled

Front 41

Red Guards

Back 41

1966 Mao orders People's Daily to run an article criticizing the Beijing University Communist Party Branch; students response was to create military org; Red Guards seize and punish anyone who possessed unwarranted prestige - sent urban into country and vice versa; nearly all universities shut down

Front 42

Deng Xiaoping

Back 42

chariman of CCP 1978 after Mao; goal=economic modernization; liberalization of prices; no incentives

Front 43

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Back 43

students at Beijing University protest against gov't; started with conditions and food, but then against gov't and CCP; democratic reforms (wanted more influence on decisions, but less state interference in daily lives); workers joined; martial law; massacred about 1000 people

Front 44

New Spain

Back 44

Spanish conquered Mexico in 1500s-1824; Viceroy governed; authoritarian; Mexico and Central America and a part that belongs now to the US

Front 45

Viceroy

Back 45

Spanish rule in Mexico lasted til 1824; this was the Spanish king's personal representative and surrogate king of "new spain"; governed all of what is today Mexico; supreme political authority; commanded military and vicepatron of Church

Front 46

Mestizos

Back 46

19th century Mexico, many Europeans had married/had children with indigenous population, thus making independence from Spain nonviolent; European elite opted to stay in Mexico

Front 47

Porfirio Diaz

Back 47

first president of Mexico 1884-1911; role of state expanded and public sector grew; integrated wealthy into administration; favoritism; 1910 rebels revolt and he is exiled

Front 48

Great Leap Forward

Back 48

1958 Mao's radical economic plan; agricultural communes in the countryside; urban industry- workers become involved with managers; all receive equal pay; 30million+ starved/died from exhuastion; abandoned 1962

Front 49

Communes

Back 49

countryside 1958 people had to live in these; local officials direct production, child care, education healthcare; changed family structure

Front 50

Cultural Revolution

Back 50

1965-1978 wanted to expunge all elements of elitism in society and make revolution and ongoing process; wanted highly politicized state;

Front 51

Red Guards

Back 51

1966 Mao orders People's Daily to run an article criticizing the Beijing University Communist Party Branch; students response was to create military org; Red Guards seize and punish anyone who possessed unwarranted prestige - sent urban into country and vice versa; nearly all universities shut down

Front 52

Deng Xiaoping

Back 52

chariman of CCP 1978 after Mao; goal=economic modernization; liberalization of prices; no incentives

Front 53

Tiananmen Square Massacre

Back 53

students at Beijing University protest against gov't; started with conditions and food, but then against gov't and CCP; democratic reforms (wanted more influence on decisions, but less state interference in daily lives); workers joined; martial law; massacred about 1000 people

Front 54

New Spain

Back 54

Spanish conquered Mexico in 1500s-1824; Viceroy governed; authoritarian; Mexico and Central America and a part that belongs now to the US

Front 55

Viceroy

Back 55

Spanish rule in Mexico lasted til 1824; this was the Spanish king's personal representative and surrogate king of "new spain"; governed all of what is today Mexico; supreme political authority; commanded military and vicepatron of Church

Front 56

Mestizos

Back 56

19th century Mexico, many Europeans had married/had children with indigenous population, thus making independence from Spain nonviolent; European elite opted to stay in Mexico

Front 57

Porfirio Diaz

Back 57

first president of Mexico 1884-1911; role of state expanded and public sector grew; integrated wealthy into administration; favoritism; 1910 rebels revolt and he is exiled

Front 58

Carlos Salinas

Back 58

1988-1994 fraudulent elections and violated law numerous times; Mexicans ignored this and held him to high esteem until the peso crash of 1994

Front 59

Cuauhtemoc Cardenas

Back 59

founder of the PRD; son of former president; 1987

Front 60

Personalism

Back 60

a form of clientelism; access to political system is limited to those individuals who have personal ties to important gov't officials; affect which policies are enacted

Front 61

Camarillas

Back 61

political cliques use their networks and connections to advance up the ladder of politics to influence public policy

Front 62

Zapista Army of Nat'l Liberation

Back 62

1994; Chiapas, subcommander Marcos; guerilla force; called national and international attention to social and economic inequalities in Mexico