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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What characteristics do all Ciliophorans have in common? 6 of them.
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-all have cilia
-all have cytostome -all have 2 nuclei, a micro and a macro -cell division is always transverse to the lines of cilia -sexual reproduction does not involve the production of free gametes -majority of ciliates are sessile and in colonial forms |
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Where does Paramecium caudatum live?
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-lives in freshwater habitats, especially if they contain abundant bacteria on which it feeds
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What is the Pellicle?
What is it made of? 6 of them |
-the pellicle is the firm yet flexible outer covering of Paramecium caudatum
Made of ****************************************** 1)Trichocysts 2)Alveoli 3)Pits 4)Cilium 5)Kinetosome 6)Kintodesmata |
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What is the vestibule?
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-the preoral chamber
-has simple cilia |
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What is the Buccal cavity?
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-follows the vestibule
-has cilia modified into an undulating membrane which helps move food into the mouth |
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What is the cytostome?
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-a fancy word for mouth
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What is the cytopharynx?
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-the tubular channel that food enters
-penetrates into the endoplasm -food items are packed into food vacuoles at the base of the cytopharynx |
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What is the Cytopyge?
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-the anal opening located at the posterior end of the organism, same side sa the oral groove
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How do Paramecium caudatum eat?
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-undulating membrane moves food into buccal cavity, into cytostome, into cytopharynx and gets packed into food vacuoles
-food vac. are free to float around in body, delivering nutrients -shits through the cytopyge **Digestion is intracellular** |
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What's the function of the macronucleus?
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-main organelle for normal metabolism
-has several nucleoli with RNA |
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What's the function of micronucleus?
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-produces macronucleus
-stores the genetic material -is responsible for genetic exchange during sexual reproduction |
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How do Paramecium reproduce asexually?
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-divides transversely
-micronucleus divides mitotically with one of the daughter nuclei migrating to each of the new cells -macronucleus is pulled apart into 2 pieces |
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How do Paramecium reproduce sexually?
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-by a process called CONJUGATION
-2 individuals lie along side each other with their oral grooves touching -a protoplasmic bridge forms between them and they exchange micronuclei -micronuclei undergo several divisions -macronuclei disintegrates and is later reformed from micronuclei |
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List some other ciliates.
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-Stentor
-Spirostomum -Vorticella -Stylonchia -Ephelota |
