Prototypes- Unit 6

Front 1

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

Therapeutic & Pharmacologic ClassesMechanism of Action

Back 1

Therapeutic Class:

Antidiuretic Hormone Replacement

Pharmacologic Class: Vasopressin Analog

Mechanism of Action:Acts on the kidneys to increase reabsorption of water.

Front 2

Desmopressin (DDAVP)

Indications, Side Effects, Monitor for

Back 2

Indications: Tx of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Side effects: Water Intoxication (due to electrolyte imbalance -s/s: drowsiness, headache, & listlessness) -Progressing to convulsions and comaTransient headache, nausea, mild abd pain, HTN

Monitor: fluid/electrolytes, weight, vitals, neuro status

Front 3

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

* always start with the lowest dose

* risk for inducing acute coronary syndromes, esp in older adults

* monitor labs to determine if an increase is needed

Back 3

Therapeutic Class: Thyroid HormonePharmacologic Class: Thyroid hormone Replacement

Side effects: hyperthyroidism, palpitations, dysrhythmias, anxiety, insomnia, weight loss, heat intolerance, menstrual irregularities

Assess for: under or overtreatment

Front 4

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

Back 4

Therapeutic Class: Drug for hyperthyroidismPharmacologic Class:Antithyroid Drug

Monitor for: overtreatment (causes hypothyroidism)

Front 5

Hydrocortisone

Therapeutic & Pharmacologic Classes

Back 5

Theraputic Class: Adrenal hormone Pharmacologic Class: Corticosteroid

Front 6

Hydrocortisone

Indications

Back 6

Indications:

• drug of choice for tx of adrenocortical insufficiency
• inflammation
• allergic d/oand many others
  

Front 7

Hydrocortisone

About:

Back 7

• structurally identical to the endogenous hormone CORTISOL
• should be discontinued slowly

Front 8

Hydrocortisone

Side Effects:

Back 8

Side Effects: are very rarecan affect the CNS and the cardiovascular system

• signs of Cushing's Disease can develop with prolonged use or high doses.
  
• long-term therapy may result in PUD.
  

Front 9

Hydrocortisone

signs and symptoms associated with side effects

Back 9

• insomnia
• anxiety
• headache
• vertigo
• confusion
• depression
• HTN
• tachycardia
  

Front 10

Humulin R

Back 10

Therapeutic Class: Parenteral drug for diabetes; pancreatic hormone

Pharmacologic Class: Short-Acting Hypoglycemic Indications: tx of DM and/or DM2Adverse Effects: hypoglycemia; weight gainMonitor: LabsAdmin: 30 mins. prior to eatingRoute: SQ/IV

Front 11

Metformin (Glucophage)

Therapeutic & Pharmacologic Classes

Back 11

Therapeutic Class: Antidiabetic DrugPharmacologic Class: hypoglycemic; biguanide*

*only drug in this class

Front 12

Metformin (Glucophage)

Indications & Mechanism of Action

Back 12

Indications: preferred tx for DM2.

* it does not cause hypoglycemia or weight gain

Mechanism: decreases hepatic production of glucose and reduces insulin resistance

* it does NOT promote insulin release from pancrease

Front 13

Metformin (Glucophage)

Side-Effects, Administration & Monitor for

Back 13

Side Effects: GI related: anorexia, N/V, diarrhea, Abd. discomfort, metallic taste. Can also cause headache, dizziness, agitation, & fatigue.

Admin: 30 mins. prior to eating via SQ/IV

Monitor: diet and blood glucose levels

Front 14

Estradiol and Norethindrone

Back 14

Theraputic Class: Combo Oral ContraceptivePharmacologic Class: Estrogen/ProgestinIndication: PG prevention Off-Label: acne, endometriosis, hypermenorrhea, dysfunctional uterine bleeding

Side Effects: nausea, breast tenderness, weight gain, breakthrough bleeding

Adverse Effects: HTN; thromboembolic d/o

Front 15

Provera

Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Classes

Back 15

Therapeutic Class:

• Hormone
  
• Drug for Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
  

Pharmacologic Class: Progestin (synthetic)

Front 16

Provera

Mechanism, Indications & Side Effects

Back 16

Mechanism: Inhibits the effect of estrogen on the uterus restoring normal hormonal balance.Indications: dysfunctional uterine bleeding; secondary amenorrhea & contraception

Side Effects: breast tenderness, breakthrough bleeding, & menstrual irregularities, weight gain, N/V, HTN

Front 17

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Classes

Back 17

Therapeutic Class:

• drug to induce labor
  
• uterine stimulate
  

Pharmocologic Class: hormone -identical to natural hormone secreted by the pituitaryoxytocic

Front 18

Oxytocin (Pitocin)

Indications & Side Effects

Back 18

Indications:

• inducing labor
  
• reduction of hemorrhage postpartum
  

Side Effects:

• rapid, painful uterine contractions
  
• fetal tachycardia
  

Front 19

Testosterone

Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Classes

Back 19

Therapeutic Class:

• Male sex hormone
  
• Androgen
  

Pharmacologic Class:

• Anabolic Steroid
  
• Antineoplastic
  

Front 20

Testosterone

Indications, Mechanism & Side Effects

Back 20

Indications: delayed puberty; hypogonadism in males; ED

Mechanism: Promotes enlargement of sex organs, growth of facial hair; deepening voice

Side Effects: increased libido, salt and water retention, edema

Front 21

Viagra

Therapeutic and Pharmacologic Classes

Back 21

Therapeutic Class:

drug for treating impotence

Pharmacologic Class:

Phosphodiesterase (PDE)- 5 inhibitor

Front 22

Viagra

Mechanism & Side Effects

Back 22

Mechanism: blocks the enzyme Phosphodiesterase (PDE)- 5 allowing increased blood flow into the penis.

Side effects: headache, dizziness, flushing, rash and nasal congestion. Hypotension with the use of nitrates