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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what percent of p. falciparum progress to severe malaria
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10%
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what is the best predictor of death
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respiratory distress
due to metabolic acidosis |
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what are the many complications of p. falciparum
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cerebral malaria
severe anemia resp distress hyperpyrexia hypoglycemia Gi/liver symptoms renal failure circulatory collapse |
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which part of the blood do p.o. and p.v. usually infect
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reticulocyes
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which part of the blood do p.m. infect
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senescent RBC
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which part of the blood does p.f. infect
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all erythrocytes are invaded
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what does p.f. avoid in the body
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spleen
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what does p.f. express on the surface of infected erythrocyes
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knobs
knobs mediate cytoadherence to endothelial cells |
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what symptoms do you see with cerebral malaria
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encephalopathy
loss of consciousness severe headache drowsiness confusion coma convulsions |
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what is cerebral malaria correlated with that causes it?
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sequestration of infected erythrocytes in micro vasculature of brain
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what two things contribute to the complications of p. f.
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high parasitemias
sequestrations |
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cytoadherence mediated by?
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knobs and Pfemp1 (var gene)
what??? |
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how do you diagnose malaria
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symptoms
travel history splenomegaly and anemia as dz progresses blood smear antigen testing (dipstick) |
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what should you do if blood smears are negative
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repeart every 12 hours for 48 hours
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is there a rapid test for malaria?
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yes
rapid antigen detection (dipstick) |
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which stage does p.v. and p.o have that others dont?
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hypnozoite stage
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which spp has has sequestration
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p.f.
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why might people not want to use antigen testing dipstick
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cost
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which drug should be used first if no resistance
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chloroquine
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what drug should be used for p.v./p.o. with no resistance
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CQ + primaquine
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what drug should be used if there is chloroquine resistance or it is not known
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fansidar
mefloquine quinine artemisinin derivatives |
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what drugs should be used in severe malaria
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IV quinine or quinidine
IV artemisinin derivatives |
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what is one way to prevent relapses in malaria
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treat hyponozoites stage in p.v/p.o.
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what drugs should be used as presumptive or standby treatments
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fansidar
mefloquine quinine |