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53 Cards in this Set

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Arrange the stages of constructing a lower partial occlusal rim in the correct order
1. Identify anatomical landmarks and crest of ridge/retro molar pads2. Manipulate and position the wire strengthener3. Lay sheet wax onto the cast, ensure lingual section is left in place; full sulcal depth required4. Locate and manipulate of wax blocks; ensure rim is placed relative to ridge position whilst maintaining suitable occlusal height5. Fuse to baseplate then contour and trim using hot plate to correct height6. Score line on top of the rim relative to ridge crest and trim/add wax to leave occlusal width of 5-9mm over ridge centre7. Preserve full depth/width of base plate sulcal extension with relief for buccal fraena. Ensure straight or slight concavity in saddle profile8. Round heel areas forward to ensure clearance for ramus and soft tissues9. Trim, smooth and tidy up10. Pin flame and water polish to finish

A: Incisive papillaB: Rugae or palatal rugaeC: Residual ridgeD: Palatine rapheE: Maxillary tuberosityF: Hamula notchG: Vibrating lineH: Palatine foveaI: Labial frenumJ: Buccal frenumK: Zygomatic buttressL: Labial sulcusM: Buccal sulcus
You are with your patient with occlusal rims during the Centric Jaw Relationship stage. There is an occlusal stop but insufficient standing teeth to produce a stable relationship of the casts. How should you proceed? Arrange the following stages in the correct order:
1. Check Occlusal Vertical Dimension and mark the position of two index teeth with pencil2. Define the occlusal plane using the occlusal rim on which this is easiest, e.g. tooth to tooth, tooth to retromolar pad3. Check the record blocks in the mouth, using the mark on the index teeth as a guide, and adjust blocks if necessary4. Record occlusion with bite registration paste5. Check the relationship of the index teeth on the articulated casts corresponds to that in the mouth


Arrange the stages of registering the bite using occlusal rims using casts mounted on articulators as a substitute for a clinical patient in the correct order
1. Try upper rim in first
2. If present, contour the labial surfaces of the upper rim to conform with the specifications given
3. Trim lower then upper rim to obtain an opening of 2 -3 mm for each rim
4. Ensure there is even occlusal contact against the opposing teeth or rim
5. Carve a “V” notch on either side in the occlusal surface of the upper rim
6. Soften the occlusal surfaces of the lower rim and register the bite against the upper
7. Take bite registration using the articulated casts
8. Assess the upper and lower rims in occlusion to confirm the accurate location of casts during the articulation process
What is the main purpose of the bite registration during the stages of partial denture construction
To be able to register the relationship between the jaws so that the master casts can be articulated

At what stage should the bite registration usually be taken during partial denture construction?


jaw registration
What is the definition of 'centric jaw relation'

The relation of the mandible to the maxilla with the mandible in its most retruded position.

What actions should be undertaken at the jaw registration stage during partial denture construction? Select all that apply.


The centric jaw relationLip support and other muscular supportMould and shade of teethThe occlusal rim surfaces to conform to the patient’s existing occlusion and dentition

Wax bite registration material

Ash 5 carver


Lower cast with occlusal rim


Hot plate


Wax knife


Fox's occlusal plane indicator (if required)


Upper cast with occlusal rim

What can be used to record the bite registration?


Modelling waxImpression material paste
What is the purpose of surveying dental casts? Select all that apply
To determine the optimum path of insertion for a proposed dentureTo identify useable undercuts for claspingTo identify unwanted undercuts to be blocked out

A: Surveyor baseB: Vertical columnC: Double jointed armD: HandpieceE: ChuckF: Mounting tableG: Clasp clampH: Chuck coverI: Tool storage rack
What are the uses of the following surveyor parts

Mounting table: Where the cast sits


Vertical column: Supports the double jointed arm


Double jointed arm: Where the handpiece is held


Handpiece: To support the check and allow for movement of it


Chuck: Used to secure various surveying instruments


A: Analysing rodB: ChiselC: Carbon markerD: 0.25 mm Undercut gaugeE: 0.5 mm Undercut gaugeF: 0.75 mm Undercut gauge
What are the uses of the following surveyor tools/equipment?

Analysing rod: Used in a preliminary study of the model to locate tooth and tissue undercuts


Carbon marker: Used after the desired tilt has been obtained and marks the survey line on teeth and mucosa


Chisel: To remove excess blocking out material, and eliminate unwanted undercuts which become parallel to the chosen path of insertion


Undercut gauge: To identify the correct depth of undercut for a given clasp material


Reinforcing sheath: To support the carbon marker and reduce the amount of leakage

Complete the following paragraph regarding the Path of Insertion (POI) using the drop down menu options. Options may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

The path of insertion can be adjusted by altering the inclination of the cast. The path of displacement of the denture (theoretically at 90o to the horizontal occlusal plane) ideally should deviate from the POI to assist with retention. Aesthetic considerations to consider include tilting the cast will transfer undercuts from one area to another, but this will not eliminate undercuts from the cast. By tilting the cast anterio-posteriorly, anterior (labial) undercut areas can be minimised or eliminated. By tilting the cast laterally, undercuts of a suitable depth may be generated on posterior teeth for clasping.

Complete the following paragraph regarding definitions of prosthodontics terms using the drop down menu options available:
The support is the mechanical function which reduces mucosal loading of a partial denture; it is supplied primarily by well-designed occlusal rests often placed in prepared rest seats on abutment teeth. bracing is the mechanical function which prevents lateral shifting of a partial denture. This is supplied mainly by the bracing arm and the rigid two thirds of the retentive clasp above the survey line, and colleting. The retention is the mechanical function which prevents displacement of a partial denture; mainly derived from the flexible clasp tips. Only the terminal third of a retentive clasp arm must enter the undercut to avoid traumatising the tooth.
What should be avoided when determining a path of insertion? Select all that apply
lnterferencesCompromised appearancePoor distribution of retentive undercuts
What are the factors that may influence a possible path of insertion of a partial denture?
RetentionGuide surfacesAesthetics
What is clasp flexibility dependent upon?
MaterialCross-sectional shapeClasp lengthTaper of clasp profile
With regards to the principles of clasping, use the drop down menu options to select the correct function of the different parts of the clasp:

Active arm: Engages undercut for direct retention


Reciprocal arm: Prevents tooth movement


Occlusal rest: Distributes occlusal load through the teeth

What length should be direct retainers be at least in centimetres? Give your answer as a number such as 5
1
What are the reasons for master cast duplication?
To produce a model that has unwanted undercuts blocked outTo produce an extra model, retaining the original castTo produce a model without wax on it used for blocking out undercuts, useful for later stages in denture making when casts need to be flasked and boiled
What are the advantages of articulating casts on an average value articulator?
To be able to view the occlusion in the lingual aspectTo be able to check the occlusion when the processed dentures are madeTo assist in the construction of denturesTo replicate simple jaw movements with measurements taken from a sample of the general populationTo be able to study the patient's lateral & protrusive movements


What is the reason for placing a wire in an occlusal rim?


strengthen occlusal rim

Which of the following can be used as a base material for occlusal rims


Hard baseplate modeling wax rimLight cure acrylic
Which articulator would you consider if there are sufficient teeth and the intercuspal position was stable for constructing dentures?
Simple hingeSemi-adjustable articulatorFully-adjustable articulator
Which articulator would you consider if you wanted to replicate a patient’s jaw relationship and full path of border movements during denture construction
fully adjustable
With regards to the Freeplane average value articulator, select all that apply from the statements below
Has an incisal guidance angle at 10o on the horizontal planeHas approximate condylar movementsCan be used for constructing partial and complete dentures
Arrange the stages of waxing up and contouring gingiva in the correct order using the available options listed:
1. Soak dental cast for two minutes2. Build and shape dental wax to a slight concavity from gingiva to periphery, just obscuring the cervical margin3. Carve gingiva at 45 degree angle at level of cervical margin around each tooth4. Trim to provide continuity with height and position of natural teeth and smoothen5. Contour and shape flanges to match with existing soft tissue6. Pin flame to achieve a blemish free finish

What are the ideal tooth arrangements for posterior teeth in a lower partial denture wax up?


Occlusal plane levelTooth to tooth contactAngulation similar to natural teethOcclusion checked for no high points

Poorly contoured flangesExcess wax on gingivae of castWax has not been pin flamedExcess wax on adjacent teethTooth arrangement correct

Arrange the stages of setting up posterior teeth in a lower partial denture occlusal rim in the correct order.


1. Remove wax on occlusal rim with wax knife, heating instrument if required2. Position teeth relative to crest of alveolus and occlusal plane3. Use articulating paper and articulator to indicate heavy occlusal contacts4. Grind selectively as required with acrylic trimming bur5. Carve wax and gingival levels as close as possible to natural gingiva6. Pin flame wax

What is the definition of the ‘curve of Spee’?


An arc of a circle 65 mm to 70 mm radius that touches the tips of all the mandibular teeth when the skull is viewed laterally; when continued it touches the anterior surface of the condyles.

What is the purpose of flasking a denture?


To produce a mould to allow for packing acrylic into it

Arrange the stages of the flasking an upper partial denture in the correct order.


1. Soak casts for five minutes, and apply separator to centre base of cast2. Mix plaster (1 water measure) and position cast centrally and level into the shallow half of the flask3. Cover all surfaces except wax work, with adequate thickness of plaster around plaster abutment teeth, making sure there are no undercuts in these areas4. Smooth plaster and leave for 15 minutes5. Apply sodium alginate separator to gypsum surfaces and mix plaster, fill deep half of flask, carefully apply plaster to denture to avoid air blows and invert into deep half of flask6. Leave at least 1 hour before continuing

Plaster smoothenedCast has been sealed down to reflection of sulcuCast has been positioned in the shallow half of the flask

A: HammerB: De-flasking plugC: SawD: Flask with 2 insertsE: Dental cast with wax trailF: Vaseline for flask preparation

You are making some acrylic partial dentures for a patient. You have completed the wax trail stage in the clinic. What should be written on the prescription form after you have disinfected the wax trail?


Please finish in acrylic. Thank you.’


With regards to partial denture design, what is the order of consideration with designing a partial denture? Use the drop down menu options below.


1. Saddles (Kennedys Classification)2. Support (Craddock's Classification)3. Retention4. Reciprocation/Bracing5. Connector6. Indirect retention, where applicable

A: Occlusal gold claspB: Occlusal restC: Cingulum gfinger rest - cummer armD: Cobalt chromium - major connectorE: Circumferential gold claspF: Cingulum rest

When proposing a partial denture design to a clinical supervisor, what are the factors influencing design that need to be stated? Select all that apply.


Classification – tooth loss distribution (Kennedy’s)Support – tooth & mucosa; tooth or mucosaMaterial – denture base connector that is to be used
What are the considerations that need to be taken into account for mucosa borne denture designs?
Maximum extensionHamular notchTuberositiesRetromolar pad
What are the factors affecting the flexibility of clasps?
Material of claspCross-sectional shapeClasp lengthTaper of clasp profile
What are the principles of Every design?
Point contact between adjacent standing and artificial teethWide embrasuresNo occlusal interferences3 mm gingival clearanceCorrect denture extension with accurate fit and the polished surfaces to assist muscular controlDistal stop
How is retention achieved through the Every denture?
FrictionAdhesionCohesion

With regards to the RPI (Rest, Plate and I-Bar) in partial denture design, select all that apply.


Only applies to bilateral free end saddlesOnly applies for the mandiblePrevents displacement of the denture via direct retention
What are the advantages of prescribing an acrylic denture over a cobalt chromium denture?
Cheaper materialRelatively easier to constructEasier to modify
You have taken a history of a patient have decided that the treatment will involve providing new partial dentures. You have completed the primary impressions and the dental laboratory have made a primary cast from the primary impressions. With regards to the stages of denture design, put the following into the correct order:
Assess the support of the denture

Assess bracing and reciprocation


Assess the connectors


Survey the model


Assess indirect retention


Assess where the saddles will be placed


Assess the retention

What is the most likely reason for a tooth to be added to an existing partial denture
Natural tooth loss following accident or decay
When fitting the modified denture with the added tooth/teeth after receiving it from the lab, what should you check?
Assess denture fit surfaceAccuracy of fitOcclusal relationshipSurface polish/finish