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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bacillus |
Rod-shaped bacteria |
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Cocci |
Round-shaped bacteria |
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Strepto- |
Chain |
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Diplo- |
2 |
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Staphylo- |
Cluster |
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Prokaryotic Cell |
One circular chromosome, no nuclear membrane. No histones-naked DNA Few organelles Peptidoglycan cell walls Binary fission |
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Flagella |
Outside of cell wall Stick out and provide locomotion by chemotaxis |
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Axial Filament |
Anchored at one end of a cell Rotation causes cell to move |
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Fimbriae |
Fine, protein, hairlike bristles. Sticks to other cells and surfaces. |
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Pili |
Function in partial DNA transfer called conjugation |
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Types of Glycocalyx |
Slime layer and Capsule |
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Glycocalyx |
Protect cells from dehydration and nutrient loss Inhibit killing by white blood cells by phagocytosis. |
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Cell Wall |
Holds shape, prevents bursting, attaches outer structures and contains peptidoglycan. |
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Gram-Positive Cell Walls |
Thick peptidoglycan Teichoic acids May have small periplasmic space Stains easily-chemical penetrate No LPS or porins |
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Gram-Negative Cell Walls |
Thin peptidoglycan No teichoic acids Outer membrane Extensive periplasmic space Staining and penetration poor LPS and porins Toxic |
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Cytoplasm |
Mix of sugars, amino acids, salts 70-80% water |
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Ribosomes |
Make protein |
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Bacterial Ribosome |
Made of rRNA and protein Large subunit & small subunit Sit of protein synthesis |
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Cytoskeleton |
Near cell wall Shape, support, and movement |
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Endospores |
Most durable cell produced in nature Survive harsh conditions, go dormant and germinate in good conditions. |
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Cyanobacteria |
Likely ancestors of chloroplasts Blue-green: first oxygen makers |
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Gliding and Fruiting bacteria |
Glide over moist surfaces Group digestion more efficient Fruiting to survive stress |
