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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
syncarcosis
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union of parts of the skelton by cartilage
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what are the 6 joints of the forelimb?
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1.scapulohumeral
2. cubital 3. carpus 4. metacarpophalangeal 5. proximal interphalangeal 6. distal interphalangeal |
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what are the 3 seperate joint cavities within the carpus?
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antebrachiocarpal cavity
middle carpal cavity carpometacarpal cavity |
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which cavities of the carpus communicate with one another?
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middle carpal cavity communicates with carpometacarpal cavity
antebrachiocarpal joint cavity is isolated |
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the ____ joint consists of the radius, ulna, and proximal row of carpal bones?
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antebrachiocarpal joint
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the _____ carpal joint is between the proximal and distal rows of carpals
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middle carpal joint
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the ______ joint is between the distal row of the carpus and metacarpal bones.
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carpometacarpal joint
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how many carpal bones are there?
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7
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how many metacarpal bones are there?
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5
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which carpal cavity opens the widest?
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antebrachiocarpal cavity
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which carpal cavity does not open at all?
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carpometacarpal cavity
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which carpal cavity opens slightly?
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middle carpal cavity
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what are the three associated structures of the carpus?
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palmar carpal fibrocartilage/ palmar carpal ligament
flexor retinaculum carpal canal |
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characteristics of metacarpal/ intermetacarpal joints
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btwn prox. ends of the metacarpal bones
fibrous CT interosseus spaces combination of synovial joint and syndesmoses |
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in respect to metacarpal bones, what is articulated?
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metacarpals articulate with sesamoid bones and sesamoid bones articulate with proximal phalynges
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Phalanges __ and __ and dorsal sesamoid bone
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P1 and P2
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Phalanges __ and ___ and distal sesamoid bone
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P2 and P3
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arthrology
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the study of joints and ligaments
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define articulation/ joifnt
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formed when two or more bones/ cartilages are united by fibrous, elastic, or cartilagenous tissue or a combination of these tissues
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fibrous joint is a type of union between two bones is _____, ____, and often _____.
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short, direct, and often transitory
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is any movement permitted in fibrous joints?
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slight or none
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give an example of fibrous joints
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joints between the skull, articulation of the tooth
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what are the 3 types of fibrous joints?
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syndesmosis
suture gomphosis |
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syndesmosis is a ____ joint with considerable amount of _____ tissue. It allows very ____ movement.
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fibrous joint
connective tissue little movement |
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what is an example of syndesmoses?
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tibio-fibular articulation
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a suture is mostly confined to the adjacent ____ bones of the skull
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flat
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what are the four types of sutures
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serrated sutures
squamous sutures plane sutures foliate sutures |
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serrated sutures have _____ processes and _____ on articular edges
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alternate processes and depressions
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squamous sutures are _____ of reciprocally beveled edges
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overlapping
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plane sutures are bones meeting at ____ ____
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right angle
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gomphosis are specialized articulation of the _____. _____ tissue invested is called periodontal membrane
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teeth
fibrous tissue |
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what are the 3 types of cartilagenous joints?
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hyaline cartilage joint/ primary joints
fibrocartilage joint/ secondary joint synovial joint |
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hyaline cartilage jointr
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primary joints, synchondrosis, bony segments are articulated by hyaline cartilage
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fibrocartilage joint
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secondary joint, amphiarthrosis, fibrocartilage serves as a connecting medium
e.g pubic sympysis |
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synovial joint
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true joint of the extremities, permits greatest degree of movement
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what are 4 characterisctics of synovial joints?
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joint cavtiy
joint capsule synovial fluid articular cartilage |
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what are 5 other components of synovial joints?
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ligaments (every)
intraarticular ligaments (some) meniscus (some) fat pad (some) synovial villi/ plicae (every) |
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simple joint
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2 bones involved
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compound joint
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more than 2 bones involved
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plane joint
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flat surfaces
slight gliding movements eg. intercarpal joints |
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spheroidal/ ball and socket joint
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convex head fits into cotyloid cavity
e.g. humeroscapular joint |
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ellipoidal joint
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similar to ball and socket, however, convex and concave articular surface are elongated to form eclipse shape
e.g. alanto-occipital articulation |
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hinge joint
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allows flexion and extension. Has collateral ligaments
e.g. cubital joint |
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condylar joint
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articular surfaces include rounded prominances or condyles that fit into reciprocal depressions of adjacent bones.
e.g. stifle joint |
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pivot joint/ trochoid joint
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movement of the joint is around the longitudinal axis of the joint.
eg atlanto-axial joint |
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saddle joint
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apposins surfaces are convex in one direction while concave in the other. movements of flexion and extension.
e.g. pastern joint |