Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What does "like begets like" apply to? |
The similarities between parent and offspring, namely asexual reproduction. |
|
|
How many chromosomes do you have? What are the two types called? How many of THOSE do you have each? What is the difference? |
Total of 46 chromosomes (paired into 23 groups) Autosomal and sex chromosomes. 44 (22) autosomal and 2 (1) sex Sex chromosomes are for determining the sex and autosomes are everything else. |
|
|
Explain homologous chromosomes. |
Same in basically every way. They are the chromosomes that your parents give you and the ones you see on a karyotype. |
|
|
How many groups of chromosomes are in a haploid? A diploid? |
Haploid: 1 group. Diploid: 2 groups. |
|
|
What is binary fission? What type of cell does this happen to? What type of reproduction is this? |
Binary fission is the making of more cells. (cell division) It happens to prokaryotic cells. Asexual reproduction. |
|
|
What is a chiasma? |
It is the location where sections of a chromosome have crossed over. |
|
|
What is crossing over? When does it occur? Where does it happen? |
Crossing over is when sections of chromosomes switch to create unique new cells. It occurs in anaphase 1 at the chiasma. |
|
|
What is density-dependent inhibition? |
Cells cease multiplying when they touch each other. |
|
|
What is the difference between a benign and malignant tumor? |
Benign stays in one place, malignant can move about. |
|
|
Difference between asexual and sexual reproduction? |
Asexual involves a single parent cell, sexual involves two parent cells. |
|
|
Differences between animal and plant cytokinesis? |
Animal goes from out to in (cleavage furrow) and plant goes from in to out (cell plate). |
|
|
Difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic chromosomes. |
Eukaryotic are more complex. |
|
|
In what organisms is polyploidy common? What is polyploidy? |
It is common in flowering plants. Polyploidy means they are more than 2 groups of chromosomes. |
|
|
What are the different types of chromosomal abnormalities? What do they mean? |
Inversion: sections were switched Deletion: sections were removed Translocation: sections from different chromosomes were switched out Duplication: sections were duplicated |
|
|
What do sister chromatids consist of? |
They are the duplicated chromosomes joined at a centromere. |
|
|
What are the cell cycle phases and events? |
Interphase and mitotic phase. There is G1, S, G2, M, and C. |
|
|
What are the different types of cell division for prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? |
Eu uses mitosis and meiosis. Pro uses binary fission. |
|
|
What are the three ways to get genetic variation? |
Crossing over, independent assortment, and random fertilization. |
|
|
What can cell division do for an organism? Why do organisms need cell division? |
It can grow things, heal, and reproduce. If everything didn't have this, nothing would actually exist. Except a few cells, or even just one. It's kind of mind boggling, actually... Thanks cell division. |
|
|
What do muscle and nerve cells have in common? |
They cannot do cell division. |
|
|
What are the phases of mitosis? |
Prophase Prometaphase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase Cytokinesis |
|
|
What are the phases of meiosis? |
Prophase 1
Metaphase 1 Anaphase 1 Telophase 1 Cytokinesis Prophase 2 Metaphase 2 Anaphase 2 Telophase 2 Cytokinesis |
|
|
What is a karyotype? Why is it used? |
It is an organized map of the chromosomes in a cell. It is used to determine sex and to see if any chromosomal abnormalities are present. |
|
|
What is a tetrad? When does it happen? |
A tetrad is a set of four chromosomes and is caused by nondisjunction (when the chromosomes fail to separate). |
|
|
What is nondisjunction? What does this cause? |
When chromosomes fail to separate. Cells are separated unevenly. |
|
|
Why do you look like your siblings? |
Our gametes came from the same people and were most likely arranged similarly during the fertilization process. |
|
|
Why is cancer not inherited? |
Cancer is usually in somatic cells, not sex cells. |
|
|
46 chromosomes consist of how many chromatids? |
92 (each chromosome has 2 chromatids) |
|
|
What is the most significant difference between mitosis and meiosis? |
In meiosis, homologous pairs are split.
|
|
|
How awesome and lovely are you? |
Super awesome and lovely. |
