Pr Research Exam 2

Front 1

Unit of Analysis

Back 1

· Individuals

· Social

Groups

· Texts (message focus)

· Organizations

Front 2

Applied Survey Research

Back 2

Political polls - public opinion

Market research - consumers' attitudes/preferences

Evaluation research - performance of programs, products or organizations

Front 3

Sampling Frame

Back 3

list of population from which they will sample

Front 4

Systematic sampling

(random)

Back 4

every Nth person is sample

Front 5

Stratified sampling

(random)

Back 5

select subjects based on characterisitcs

Front 6

Convenience sampling

(nonrandom)

Back 6

AKA college students

Front 7

Quota sample

(nonrandom)

Back 7

use available % to select people

Front 8

volunteer sample

(nonrandom)

Back 8

People choose to participate & are rewarded

Front 9

Snowball sample

(nonrandom)

Back 9

getting names of people from subjects

Front 10

Ecological Fallacy

Back 10

when you make conclusions about individuals based only on analyses of group data

Front 11

Mail

Back 11

inexpensive but low response rate

Front 12

Interviews

Back 12

- can get personal answers and clarify ambiguities

- questions can be more biased

- not generalizable

Front 13

Primary Questions

Back 13

Beginning question

Front 14

Secondary question

Back 14

used to elaborate on the primary questions

Front 15

Ethnography

Back 15

How do people make sense of the world?

Front 16

Ethnomethodology

Back 16

Looking at how we do things with words

"I promise" "I do" "I guarantee"

Front 17

Authoethnography

Back 17

Self-examination

Narcissistic research

Front 18

Emic observation

Back 18

Close observation

- go to a football game to understand why being a sooner is so important

Front 19

Etic observation

Back 19

distant

- sit in the union to understand how people meet and greet

Front 20

Complete participant

Back 20

involved but does not inform others

Front 21

participant as observer

Back 21

fully involved in activity

Front 22

observer as participant

Back 22

only partially involved

Front 23

complete observer

Back 23

watches from afar

Front 24

Field Notes - Procedural

Back 24

What you saw

Front 25

Field Notes - Personal

Back 25

What you felt

Front 26

Naturalist paradigm

Back 26

we can only know by learning from experiences

Front 27

Key informants

Back 27

People who have knowledge or experience and can provide insight

Front 28

Semi-structured interview

Back 28

- questions outlined

- probes outlined

- easy to conduct and replicate

Front 29

Highly structured interview

Back 29

- a close ended survey where you provide the question and the possible answers

Front 30

Textual analysis

Back 30

Describes the content, structure and functions o the messages contained in texts

Front 31

Rhetorical criticism

Back 31

systematic method for describing, analyzing, interpreting, and evaluating the persuasive force of messages embedded within texts

Front 32

Content Analysis

Back 32

Analysis of the content such as the amount, characteristics,

Front 33

Fantasy theme analysis

Back 33

examines common images used to portray narrative elements of situations

Front 34

Dramatic analysis

Back 34

Burkes "all communication can be seen as a dramatic event"

act

purpose

agent

agency

scene

Front 35

Classical Rhetoric

Back 35

developed by Greeks and Romans

examined how speech drew support

Front 36

Contemporary Rhetoric

Back 36

incorporates a range of philosophical perspectives

now studies mass media messages and other communication contexts

Front 37

Historical Criticism

Back 37

how important past events shape and are shaped by rhetorical messages.

Front 38

Oral histories

Back 38

spoken accounts of personal experiences

primary source

Front 39

Historical case studies

Back 39

explore texts related to a single historical event

Front 40

Focus Groups provide

Back 40

- experiences

- attitudes

- opinions

- behaviors

- future behaviors

Front 41

Focus Group Moderator

Back 41

- creative mind

- analytical skills

- verbal skills

- tolerance

Front 42

Feminist Criticism and Critical Theory

Back 42

how gender is produced and reified through language and images.

Front 43

Belmont Report

Back 43

Established respect and justice for participants

- informed consent

Front 44

Beneficence

Back 44

- research should set out to search for the good.

Front 45

Research Ethics

Back 45

Morals principles and rules of conduct governing activities of research

Front 46

Relativist

Back 46

lets the situation dictate; decision is based on circumstances

Front 47

Absolutist

Back 47

firm in principles; knows exactly how to act based on beliefs

Front 48

Ends justify the means

Back 48

The end of a situation justifies all the bad things in between