Powerplant Oral & Practical

Front 1

What is the main advantage of a horizontally opposed engine over a radial engine for powering modern aircraft?

Back 1

The horizontally opposed engine has a much smaller frontal area and is easier to streamline they in a radial engine

Front 2

How many throws are there in the crankshaft of a six-cylinder horizontally opposed engine?

Back 2

6

Front 3

What kind of connecting rod arrangement is used in a radial engine?

Back 3

A master rod connects the single throw of the crankshaft with the piston. All of the other Pistons are connected to the master rod with link rods

Front 4

Of what material are most piston rings made?

Back 4

Gray cast iron

Front 5

What is the reason for using hydraulic valve lifters in an aircraft engine?

Back 5

Hydraulic valve lifters keep all of the clearance out of the valve operating mechanism. This decreases the wear of the valvetrain components.

Front 6

At what speed does the camshaft turn relative to the crankshaft speed in a horizontally opposed engine?

Back 6

The camshaft turns at one half of the crankshaft speed

Front 7

What kind of main bearings are used in a horizontally opposed engine?

Back 7

Steel-backed, lead-alloy bearing inserts

Front 8

On what stroke is the piston of a reciprocating engine when the intake valve begins to open?

Back 8

On the exhaust stroke

Front 9

On what stroke is the piston of a reciprocating engine when the exhaust valve begins to open?

Back 9

On the power stroke

Front 10

Why are both the hot and cold valve clearances given for most radial engines

Back 10

The hot clearance is given for valve timing purposes. The timing is adjusted with the valves in cylinder number one set with the hot clearance. When the timing is set, all of the valves are adjusted to their cold clearance

Front 11

What is meant by a cam-ground piston?

Back 11

A piston that is not perfectly round. When the piston reaches operating temperature, the metal in the piston pin boss expands enough that the piston becomes perfectly round

Front 12

Where is the piston in a reciprocating engine when the ignition spark occurs?

Back 12

About 30° of crankshaft rotation before the piston reaches top dead center of the compression stroke

Front 13

What is meant by a full-floating wrist pin?

Back 13

A wrist pin that is not clamped in either the piston or the connecting rod.

Front 14

Why do most aircraft reciprocating engines use more than one spring on each valve?

Back 14

The springs have different resonant frequency's so at least one spring will always be exerting a force on the valve. This eliminates valve spring surge.

Front 15

would excessive valve clearance cause the valves to open early or late?

Back 15

Excessive valve clearance will cause the valve to open late and close early

Front 16

What is the purpose of valve overlap in a reciprocating engine?

Back 16

Valve overlap allows the inertia of the exhaust gases leaving the cylinder to help the fresh induction charge start flowing into the cylinder

Front 17

What type of piston rings are installed on the Pistons of an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 17

Compression rings, oil control rings, and oil scraper rings

Front 18

Why are some exhaust valves partially filled with metallic sodium?

Back 18

The metallic sodium melts at engine operating temperature & sloshes back-and-forth inside the hollow valve. The heat transfers from the valve head to the valve stem to the valve guide to the cylinder head.

Front 19

What causes detonation in an aircraft engine?

Back 19

Excessive heat and pressure in the engine cylinder causes the fuel-air mixture to reach its critical pressure and temperature. Under these conditions the mixture explodes rather than burns.

Front 20

Why is a compression check important for determining the condition of an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 20

It can determine the condition of the seal between the piston rings in the cylinder walls as well as the seal between the valves and their seats.

Front 21

What is meant by the compression ratio of an engine?

Back 21

The ratio of the volume of the cylinder with the piston at the bottom of it stroke to the volume of the piston at the top of it stroke

Front 22

In what position should the crankshaft be when a magneto is being timed to the engine?

Back 22

The piston in cylinder number one should be in the correct position for ignition to occur. This is normally about 30° before top dead center on the compression stroke.

Front 23

What is the purpose of a cold cylinder check?

Back 23

It determines which cylinder is not firing. The exhaust stack that is not as hot as the others has a cylinder that is not firing.

Front 24

What is the purpose of dynamic balancers on crankshafts?

Back 24

To reduce engine vibration

Front 25

What types of bearings are usually found in reciprocating engines?

Back 25

Plain bearings

Ball bearings

Roller bearings

Front 26

Are the connecting rods used in each cylinder of a radial engine the same?

Back 26

No, a radial engine uses master rod and articulating Rod assemblies.

Front 27

Where should piston ring gaps be installed relative to each other?

Back 27

Compression ring gaps should be staggered so that they do not align. This prevents excessive blow by

Front 28

What could result from improperly installed piston rings?

Back 28

Excessive oil consumption

Front 29

What purpose do oil control rings serve?

Back 29

They regulate the thickness of the oil film on the cylinder walls

Front 30

What is used to prevent valve spring surge or floating in an aircraft engine?

Back 30

Two or more springs are used on each valve.

Front 31

On engines equipped with hydraulic lifters what should be the running clearance?

Back 31

Zero

Front 32

What indications are given in the event of a leaking or open primer while the engine is running?

Back 32

The engine will not idle properly

Front 33

A cold cylinder is found when troubleshooting a running engine. What does this indicate?

Back 33

No combustion in that cylinder

Front 34

When pulling a propeller through a hissing sound is heard indicating valve blow by. What procedure should be performed next?

Back 34

A cylinder compression check should be performed to identify the faulty cylinder

Front 35

What is the purpose of performing a compression check?

Back 35

To determine if the valves, pistons, and rings are sealing properly

Front 36

When an engine is overhauled how is total time affected? When an engine is rebuilt how is its operating history affected?

Back 36

The total time on the engine must be continued and time since major overhaul is entered into the engine log. In the case of a rebuild it is granted zero-time status and is considered to have no operating history

Front 37

Name some of the precautions that should be performed prior to engine removal

Back 37

Disconnect the battery, turn off the fuel, chalk the wheels, and if necessary install a tail stand

Front 38

When inspecting a piston where are cracks most likely to be found?

Back 38

In those areas that are highly stressed.

Ring lands

Base of piston bosses

Front 39

What does it mean if an engine part is within "serviceable limits"?

Back 39

It means the part is within the manufactures limits and can be used in an engine

Front 40

What is checked on engine run-up to determine the operational condition of the engine?

Back 40

Idling RPM & maximum static RPM & manifold pressure

magneto drop

ignition switch safety check,

propeller pitch change,

propeller feathering,

oil pressure,

fuel pressure and fuel flow

Front 41

How can you determine the firing order of an 18 cylinder radial engine?

Back 41

Begin with cylinder #1, add 11, and subtract 7. Which ever will keep the numbers between 1 and 18

Front 42

What are two main causes of a cylinder having low compression?

Back 42

Piston rings not seating or broken, and valves not seating or burned

Front 43

What is it a hydraulic lock?

Back 43

Oil has drained past the piston rings and filled the combustion chamber of cylinders that are below the centerline of the engine.

Front 44

How is hydraulic lock removed from an aircraft engine?

Back 44

Remove a spark plug from the locked cylinder and drain all of the oil out. Clean the spark plug and replace it

Front 45

What is a low-tension ignition system?

Back 45

uses a magneto with a brush type distributor and a coil that has no secondary wiring.

Low voltage is directed from the magneto to a transformer on the cylinder head. Here the low-voltage is boosted to a high-voltage and is directed through a very short high tension lead to a spark plug. There is one transformer for each spark plug.

Front 46

What purpose does oil analysis serve?

Back 46

Metal particles in the oil show normal and abnormal wear of the engine. This helps to evaluate the engines internal condition

Front 47

What publication is used to check engine for normal operation?

Back 47

The manufactures maintenance manual

Front 48

What inspection should be performed on an engine that has been in storage?

Back 48

Look for corrosion

Front 49

What is a floating cam ring on a large radial engine?

Back 49

It is a cam ring that rides on a shelf-type bearing with a large amount of clearance between the bearing and the ring.

Front 50

Why is valve clearance adjusted on radial engines, but not on most horizontally opposed engines?

Back 50

Most horizontally opposed engines have hydraulic valve lifters that keep all of the clearance out of the valvetrain. Radial engines have solid lifters

Front 51

What must be inspected to determine the airworthiness of an engine installation?

Back 51

The propeller lubrication system, ignition system, fuel metering system, cooling system and exhaust system

Front 52

What checks should be made to determine the proper operation of a reciprocating engine installation?

Back 52

Idle RPM and mixture, static RPM, propeller pitch change operation, magneto check, ignition switch safety check, and carburetor heat check

Front 53

Where can you find the correct grade of fuel and amount of engine lubricating oil for an aircraft engine?

Back 53

In the type certificate data sheets for the aircraft

Front 54

What are the basic steps in troubleshooting an engine installation?

Back 54

A. know how the system should operate

B. observe how the system is operating

C. divide the system to find the trouble

D. look for the obvious problems first

Front 55

Where do you find the procedures to follow when correcting a defective condition in an engine?

Back 55

In the engine maintenance manual

Front 56

Where do you find instructions for removing an aircraft engine from the aircraft?

Back 56

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 57

What must normally be done to a nose wheel airplane before removing an engine?

Back 57

The tail of the airplane must be supported

Front 58

What should be done to the cylinders to protect them from rust and corrosion when preparing the engine for long-time storage?

Back 58

Spray a preservative oil inside the cylinders and replace the spark plugs with desiccant plugs

Front 59

What should be used to cover the ends of fuel and oil lines that have been disconnected from the engine?

Back 59

The correct plugs and caps. Never cover the end of the line with tape

Front 60

What is meant by a QEC engine assembly?

Back 60

In engine that has been prepared for a quick engine change. The engine is on its mount and all of the accessories are installed. All that is needed is for the controls, wiring and fluid lines to be connected to the firewall

Front 61

What is meant by rigging the engine controls so they have some "cushion"?

Back 61

The control on the engine component must contact its stop before the control handle in the cockpit reaches its stop. Causes spring back

Front 62

What are two ways of pre-oiling an engine?

Back 62

A. before the spark plugs are installed and after the oil tank or sump is fitted, turn the engine over with the starter until oil runs out of the fitting to which the oil pressure gauge connects

B. Use a pre-oiler tank. Air pressure forces oil through all of the passages until some of it flows from the oil pressure gauge fitting

Front 63

What are the two basic sections of a turbine engine?

Back 63

The hot section in the cold section

Front 64

What are two basic types of compressors that are used in aircraft turbine engines

Back 64

Axial flow & centrifugal

Front 65

What is the purpose of the stators in an axial-flow compressor?

Back 65

The stators convert some velocity energy into pressure energy and change the direction of the air so it is proper for the next stage rotors

Front 66

What are three types of combustors used on aircraft turbine engines?

Back 66

Can-type, annular-type, and can-annular type

Front 67

How many igniters are there normally in an aircraft turbine engine?

Back 67

2

Front 68

What is the main purpose of the turbine nozzle in an aircraft engine?

Back 68

The turbine nozzle directs the hot gases as they leave the combustors so they will turn the turbine wheel with maximum efficiency

Front 69

What is meant by a free turbine turboshaft engine?

Back 69

A turboshaft engine that has a turbine wheel or stage of turbine wheels that is not used to drive the compressor of the gas generator section of the engine. The free turbine Drives the propeller in a turboprop engine or the transmission and rotor of a helicopter

Front 70

Why do some axial flow turbine engines have more than one set of turbines and compressors?

Back 70

A two-spool turbine engine has a low-pressure and a high-pressure compressor each driven by its own turbine. The two independent systems operate at the speed at which they are most efficient

Front 71

What kind of bearings are used to support the rotor shaft of an aircraft turbine engine?

Back 71

Anti-friction bearings such as ball bearings or roller bearings

Front 72

What is meant by a Turbofan engine?

Back 72

In axial flow turbine engine in which the first stage of the compressor blades are lengthened so they can force air around the outside of the gas generator portion of the engine

Front 73

Where can you find the limits of repair allowed for the compressor blades of an aircraft engine?

Back 73

In the FAA approved service manual issued by the manufacture of the engine

Front 74

Why is it important that a turbojet engine be allowed to cool before it is shut down after it has been operated a high power setting?

Back 74

If the engine is shut down while it is hot, there is a possibility that the shroud will contract around the turbine wheel and seize the rotor

Front 75

What is meant by a hung start in a turbine engine?

Back 75

A start in which ignition occurs, but the engine does not accelerate to a self-sustaining speed

Front 76

What is meant by a hot start in a turbine engine?

Back 76

A start in which ignition occurs but the internal temperatures go high enough that they can damage the engine

Front 77

What is meant by creep of the turbine blades?

Back 77

A condition of permanent elongation of the turbine blades. Creep is caused by the high temperatures and high centrifugal loading imposed on the blades

Front 78

How is the compressor of a turbine engine cleaned?

Back 78

In emulsion-type cleaner is sprayed through the engine while it is being motored by the starter or operated at a low-speed. The wash is followed by a clean water rinse.

Front 79

Where is water injected into a turbine engine for cooling purposes?

Back 79

Into the compressor inlet & into the engine diffuser case

Front 80

At what point in a turbine engine is the temperature the highest?

Back 80

At the inlet to the high-pressure turbine

Front 81

What is the function of the interconnect tubes between the cans of a turbine engine that uses can-type combustors?

Back 81

These tubes allow the flame to travel from the cans that contain the igniters to all of the other cans when the engine is being started

Front 82

What are two types of thrust reverser's that are used on turbojet engines?

Back 82

The mechanical blockage-type and the aerodynamic-blockage type

Front 83

What is meant by trimming a turbojet engine?

Back 83

Adjusting the fuel control to get the correct idling & maximum thrust RPM

Front 84

What is meant by a hot section inspection?

Back 84

An inspection of the hot section of a turbine engine. The hot section includes the combustors, turbine, and the exhaust system

Front 85

What is meant by on-condition maintenance of a turbine engine?

Back 85

The monitoring of the engine performance at regular intervals and determining when maintenance is required based on certain operating parameters specified by the engine manufacturer

Front 86

What checks of a turbine engine are necessary to verify preflight condition?

Back 86

Inspection of the cowling and all air inlet areas and attachment of the engine to the airframe, inspection of the inlet guide vanes and the first stage of the compressor or fan blades, check for unusual noise when the compressor is rotated, inspection of the rear turbine an exhaust system, check the quantity of the lubricating oil for the engine and the constant speed drive unit, check ignition system for operation by listening for the Sparks

Front 87

What type of equipment should be used to determine that a turbine engine is performing up to the standard specified by the engine manufacturer?

Back 87

A jetcal analyzer/trimmer has all of the instrumentation and cables to determine the EGT, EPR and other parameters specified by the engine manufacturer

Front 88

What determines whether or not a 100 hour inspection is required for an aircraft?

Back 88

100 hour inspections are required only on aircraft that carry persons for hire or used to give flight instruction for hire

Front 89

Where can you find a list of items that should be inspected on a 100 hour inspection and annual inspection of an aircraft engine?

Back 89

In appendix D of 14 CFR part 43

Front 90

In what publication can a mechanic find the operating limitations for an aircraft engine?

Back 90

In the type certificate data sheets for the engine

Front 91

Who is authorized to perform the powerplant inspection that is required for an annual inspection?

Back 91

And A&P mechanic who Holds an IA

Front 92

What are two types of compression checks that can be performed on an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 92

A differential compression check and a direct compression check

Front 93

What items are checked in a hot section inspection of a turbine engine?

Back 93

The combustion section is check for cracks or distortion. The turbine wheel, turbine case, and the exhaust section are checked for cracks, indications of overheating, and any indication of warpage, erosion or burning

Front 94

What is the most common type of damage that is found in the hot section of a turbine engine?

Back 94

Cracks that are caused by high concentration of heat in the hot section

Front 95

Is the use of a checklist required when performing an annual or 100 hour inspection on an aircraft engine?

Back 95

Yes

Front 96

What inspection must be performed on an aircraft reciprocating engine if it has been operated on turbine fuel?

Back 96

The inside of the cylinders must be inspected with a borescope, the oil must be changed, the filters examined, and the engine given a careful run up and operational check

Front 97

Where can you find the model of magneto that is approved for an engine specified by the examiner?

Back 97

In the type certificate data sheet for the engine

Front 98

Where can you find the model of magneto that is approved for an engine specified by the examiner?

Back 98

In the type certificate data sheet for the engine

Front 99

What is a supplemental type certificate?

Back 99

In approval issued by the FAA for a modification to a type certificated airframe, engine, or component

Front 100

What paperwork is necessary for the installation of a magneto that was not approved for an engine when it was certificated, but is approved for the engine when installed according to an STC?

Back 100

A form FAA 337 must be completed stating that the installation was done in accordance with the specific STC

Front 101

Does the tachometer of a geared reciprocating engine indicate the speed of the crankshaft or of the propeller shaft?

Back 101

The speed of the crankshaft

Front 102

Name two different methods for attaching turbine engine rotor blades to a rotor disc

Back 102

1. Dove-tail type root

2. Bulb type root

3. Fir tree type root

Front 103

What prevents the combustion chambers from burning?

Back 103

Cooling air along the inside of the liner

Front 104

What is a split compressor system?

Back 104

Also called dual or twin spool compressors, these are connected to the turbine section one inside the other

Front 105

What determines the amount of air flow through a turbine engine?

Back 105

The forward speed of the aircraft, compressor speed, and air density

Front 106

Name the major components in a gas turbine engine

Back 106

Air inlet

Compression section

Combustion section

Turbine section

Exhaust section

Gearbox and accessory section

Front 107

Explain the main difference and advantage of Turbofan over turbojet engines

Back 107

A Turbofan engine uses a fan to bypass some air around the engine core and to provide thrust. The advantage is that this provides additional trust without increasing fuel flow

Front 108

Where. Should the thermocouple be installed on a reciprocating engine using a single probe cylinder head temperature system?

Back 108

On the hottest cylinder

Front 109

What does a tachometer indicate on a reciprocating engine?

Back 109

Engine RPM

Front 110

What are the possible indications of an oil pressure transmitter or indicator malfunction?

Back 110

A severe or sudden drop in oil pressure while oil temperature remains normal and the oil supply remains full

Front 111

Is the aircraft electrical system required to power a cylinder head temperature gauge?

Back 111

No. A thermocouple is used as the power source

Front 112

Where would a carburetor air temperature bulb be located?

Back 112

In the ram air intake duct

Front 113

What is the fuel pressure range on float type carburetors?

Back 113

3 to 5 psi

Front 114

Why is fuel flow monitored?

Back 114

To determine fuel consumption in engine performance

Front 115

Why is fuel flow monitored?

Back 115

To determine fuel consumption in engine performance

Front 116

What does the manifold gauge indicate and how is it calibrated?

Back 116

It measures the absolute pressure in the engine manifold and is calibrated in inches of mercury

Front 117

What directly controls manifold pressure?

Back 117

The throttle opening and engine RPM

Front 118

What directly controls manifold pressure?

Back 118

The throttle opening and engine RPM

Front 119

During engine operation where should the propeller control be set when checking the manifold pressure?

Back 119

Low pitch, high RPM

Front 120

What is indicated if the needle of a ratiometer-type oil temperature indicator pegs to the high side of the dial as soon as the aircraft master switch is turned on?

Back 120

There is an open in the bulb circuit that causes the instrument to see an infinite resistance. The higher the resistance in the bulb circuit, the higher the temperature indication

Front 121

What type of indicating system is used to measure the exhaust gas temperature of a turbine engine?

Back 121

A set of thermocouples arranged in an averaging circuit. These thermocouples are installed in the tailpipe of the engine

Front 122

What type of indicating system is used to measure the exhaust gas temperature of a turbine engine?

Back 122

A set of thermocouples arranged in an averaging circuit. These thermocouples are installed in the tailpipe of the engine

Front 123

In what units is the tachometer for a reciprocating engine calibrated?

Back 123

In hundreds of RPM

Front 124

What type of indicating system is used to measure the exhaust gas temperature of a turbine engine?

Back 124

A set of thermocouples arranged in an averaging circuit. These thermocouples are installed in the tailpipe of the engine

Front 125

In what units is the tachometer for a reciprocating engine calibrated?

Back 125

In hundreds of RPM

Front 126

What two pressures are measured to get the engine pressure ratio of a turbojet engine?

Back 126

The turbine discharge total pressure and the compressor and let total pressure

Front 127

What type of indicating system is used to measure the exhaust gas temperature of a turbine engine?

Back 127

A set of thermocouples arranged in an averaging circuit. These thermocouples are installed in the tailpipe of the engine

Front 128

In what units is the tachometer for a reciprocating engine calibrated?

Back 128

In hundreds of RPM

Front 129

What to pressures are measured to get the engine pressure ratio of a turbojet engine?

Back 129

The turbine discharge total pressure and the compressor and let total pressure

Front 130

What is used to measure the fuel flow of a horizontally opposed, fuel-injected reciprocating engine?

Back 130

A pressure gauge that measures the pressure drop across injector nozzles

Front 131

What is measured by the tachometers used on a two spool gas turbine engine?

Back 131

The N1 tachometer shows the RPM of the low-pressure compressor, And the N2 tachometer shows the RPM of the high-pressure compressor

Front 132

In what units is the tachometer for a turbine engine calibrated?

Back 132

In percent of the engines rated take off RPM

Front 133

What kind of mechanism is normally used to measure oil pressure in a reciprocating engine?

Back 133

A bourdon tube mechanism

Front 134

Why do most engine oil pressure gauges have a restrictor in the line between the engine and the instrument?

Back 134

The restrictor damps out pressure pulsations in the oil to keep the needle from oscillating

Front 135

How does a torque meter actually measure the torque produced by an engine?

Back 135

A torque meter is actually an oil pressure gauge. The pressure it measures is produced in a torque sensor and is proportional to the amount of strain in the torsional shaft that drives the reduction gears of the turboprop engine

Front 136

What are two types of pick ups used for measuring the cylinder head temperature of a reciprocating engine?

Back 136

The thermocouple can be embedded in a gasket that is installed under the spark plug of the hottest running cylinder, or it can be in a bayonet that is held against the cylinder head by a spring

Front 137

What should a thermocouple type cylinder head temperature indicator read when the engine is not operating?

Back 137

The temperature of the outside air

Front 138

Where does a manifold pressure gauge used on an aircraft reciprocating engine pick up the pressure it measures?

Back 138

From the intake manifold of the engine

Front 139

Of what two materials are the thermocouples made that are used in a turbine engine exhaust gas temperature system?

Back 139

Chromel and alumel

Front 140

What are three types of flow indicating systems used for turbine engines?

Back 140

Vane-type flow meters, synchronous-mass type flow meters, and electric motorless mass flow meters

Front 141

What are three types of flow indicating systems used for turbine engines?

Back 141

Vane-type flow meters, synchronous-mass type flow meters, and electric motorless mass flow meters

Front 142

What do mass Flow Systems measure?

Back 142

The mass of the flow. This is affected by the density of the fuel which is in turn affected by this fuel temperature

Front 143

What are three types of flow indicating systems used for turbine engines?

Back 143

Vane-type flow meters, synchronous-mass type flow meters, and electric motorless mass flow meters

Front 144

What do mass Flow Systems measure?

Back 144

The mass of the flow. This is affected by the density of the fuel which is in turn affected by this fuel temperature

Front 145

In what units is an electronic motorless mass flow meter system calibrated?

Back 145

Pounds per hour of fuel flow

Front 146

What is indicated in a turbine engine if the fuel flow for all conditions is high?

Back 146

If there are instrument abnormalities, there are possibly damaged turbine components

Front 147

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 147

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 148

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 148

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 149

Where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 149

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 150

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 150

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 151

Where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 151

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 152

Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow transmitter located?

Back 152

Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles

Front 153

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 153

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 154

Where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 154

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 155

Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow transmitter located?

Back 155

Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles

Front 156

What kind of indicating system is used to measure oil temperature in a small, single engine, general aviation airplane?

Back 156

A sealed system in which a bulb, partially filled with a highly volatile liquid is installed inside the oil strainer. The bulb is connected to a pressure gauge by a copper tube. The pressure of the gas above the liquid is proportional to the temperature of the oil that surrounds the bulb and the pressure gauge is calibrated in terms of temperature

Front 157

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 157

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 158

Where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 158

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 159

Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow transmitter located?

Back 159

Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles

Front 160

What kind of indicating system is used to measure oil temperature in a small, single engine, general aviation airplane?

Back 160

A sealed system in which a bulb, partially filled with a highly volatile liquid is installed inside the oil strainer. The bulb is connected to a pressure gauge by a copper tube. The pressure of the gas above the liquid is proportional to the temperature of the oil that surrounds the bulb and the pressure gauge is calibrated in terms of temperature

Front 161

What type of instrument system is used for measuring cylinder head temperature and exhaust gas temperature?

Back 161

A thermocouple system

Front 162

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 162

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 163

Where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 163

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 164

Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow transmitter located?

Back 164

Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles

Front 165

What kind of indicating system is used to measure oil temperature in a small, single engine, general aviation airplane?

Back 165

A sealed system in which a bulb, partially filled with a highly volatile liquid is installed inside the oil strainer. The bulb is connected to a pressure gauge by a copper tube. The pressure of the gas above the liquid is proportional to the temperature of the oil that surrounds the bulb and the pressure gauge is calibrated in terms of temperature

Front 166

What type of instrument system is used for measuring cylinder head temperature and exhaust gas temperature?

Back 166

A thermocouple system

Front 167

What kind of electrical instrument system is used for measuring oil temperature?

Back 167

A ratiometer-type system

Front 168

Who is authorized to repair a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 168

The components can be repaired only by an FAA approved repair station certificated for the particular instruments

Front 169

Where can you find the electrical power requirements for a fuel flow indicating system?

Back 169

In the aircraft maintenance manual

Front 170

Where in the fuel system is the fuel flow transmitter located?

Back 170

Between the fuel control and the fuel nozzles

Front 171

What kind of indicating system is used to measure oil temperature in a small, single engine, general aviation airplane?

Back 171

A sealed system in which a bulb, partially filled with a highly volatile liquid is installed inside the oil strainer. The bulb is connected to a pressure gauge by a copper tube. The pressure of the gas above the liquid is proportional to the temperature of the oil that surrounds the bulb and the pressure gauge is calibrated in terms of temperature

Front 172

What type of instrument system is used for measuring cylinder head temperature and exhaust gas temperature?

Back 172

A thermocouple system

Front 173

What kind of electrical instrument system is used for measuring oil temperature?

Back 173

A ratiometer-type system

Front 174

What should a thermocouple cylinder head temperature indicator read when the engine is cold?

Back 174

The same as the outside air temperature gage

Front 175

What is critical in the installation of the thermocouple leads for a cylinder head temperature indicator, the length of the leads or their resistance?

Back 175

The resistance is critical, it must have the resistance specified on the indicator. This is usually 2 or 8 ohms

Front 176

What should a ratiometer temperature indicator read when the electrical power is off

Back 176

The pointer should be off the scale on the low side

Front 177

What kind of tachometer is used on most small single engine airplane's?

Back 177

A magnetic drag tachometer that is similar to an automobile speedometer

Front 178

What kind of tachometer is used on most small single engine airplane's?

Back 178

A magnetic drag tachometer that is similar to an automobile speedometer

Front 179

What would likely cause the pointer of a magnetic drag tachometer to oscillate?

Back 179

Either a dry cable connecting the indicator to the engine, or a kink in the cable housing

Front 180

Is it permissible for a mechanic with an airframe and power plant rating to replace the tachometer cable for a magnetic drag tachometer?

Back 180

Yes, this does not constitute a repair to an instrument

Front 181

What kind of tachometer is used on most large multi-engine airplanes?

Back 181

A three-phase AC electric tachometer

Front 182

What kind of tachometer is used on most large multi-engine airplanes?

Back 182

A three-phase AC electric tachometer

Front 183

What is measured to indicate the engine RPM with a three phase AC electric tachometer?

Back 183

The frequency of the AC the tachometer generator produces

Front 184

What kind of tachometer is used on most large multi-engine airplanes?

Back 184

A three-phase AC electric tachometer

Front 185

What is measured to indicate the engine RPM with a three phase AC electric tachometer?

Back 185

The frequency of the AC the tachometer generator produces

Front 186

What kind of indicator mechanism is used to measure manifold pressure?

Back 186

A differential bellows

Front 187

What should a manifold pressure gauge read when the engine is not operating?

Back 187

The existing barometric pressure as indicated on the altimeter barometric scale when the altimeter pointers are sets to the surveyed field elevation

Front 188

What type of fitting is used to connect an oil pressure gauge to the engine?

Back 188

A fitting with a restrictor that smooths out the pulsations and prevents a break in the indicator line

Front 189

What is used to fill the line between a fuel pressure gauge and the fuel metering system?

Back 189

A light oil such as Kerosine

Front 190

What could cause a fuel pressure gauge to fluctuate?

Back 190

The loss of light oil in the line between the gauge in the engine

Front 191

Is a certified mechanic with an airframe and power plant rating allowed to zero the pointers on a fuel pressure gauge?

Back 191

No, a mechanic is not allowed to make any repairs or alterations to an aircraft instrument

Front 192

Is a certified mechanic with an airframe and power plant rating allowed to zero the pointers on a fuel pressure gauge?

Back 192

Now, a mechanic is not allowed to make any repairs or alterations to an aircraft instrument

Front 193

How does a ratiometer-type oil temperature gauge measure the temperature of the oil?

Back 193

A ratiometer measures the resistance of the temperature bulb. The indicator is calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius rather than in ohms

Front 194

Is a certified mechanic with an airframe and power plant rating allowed to zero the pointers on a fuel pressure gauge?

Back 194

Now, a mechanic is not allowed to make any repairs or alterations to an aircraft instrument

Front 195

How does a ratiometer-type oil temperature gauge measure the temperature of the oil?

Back 195

A ratiometer measures the resistance of the temperature bulb. The indicator is calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit or Celsius rather than in ohms

Front 196

What is the range of pressure needed for a fuel pressure gauge used with the flow carburetor?

Back 196

1 to 25 PSI normally

Front 197

Can a thermal switch-type fire detection system indicate a general over heat condition?

Back 197

No, this is a spot type fire detection system

Front 198

Can a thermocouple-type fire detection system indicate a general overheat condition?

Back 198

No, this is a rate of temperature rise type of system

Front 199

How is a thermocouple type fire detection system checked for operation?

Back 199

Press the test switch. This heats the test thermocouple enough for it to close the sensitive relay, which in turn causes the slave relay and activates the fire warning light and Bell

Front 200

Does a break in a continuous loop fire detection system keep the system from detecting fire?

Back 200

No, the unit will show a fault when is tested, but it will still warn of a fire

Front 201

Does the pressure type continuous element fire detector system detect a general overheat condition as well as a fire?

Back 201

Yes, a high temperature on a small portion of the sensor or a lower temperature over the entire sensor will cause it to release enough gas to close the diaphragm switch and warn of a fire

Front 202

What are the two most commonly used fire extinguishing agents used for engine fires?

Back 202

Halogenated hydrocarbons, such as halon 1301 & carbon dioxide

Front 203

What extinguishing agent is used in the high rate discharge fire extinguishing systems installed in most turbojet engine installations?

Back 203

Halon 1301

Front 204

What happens when the pilot pulls the "fire-pull T handle"in the cockpit of a jet transport airplane?

Back 204

The bottle discharge switch is uncovered and armed, the generator field relay is tripped, fuel is shut off to the engine, hydraulic fluid is shut off to the pump, the engine bleed air is shut off, and the hydraulic pump low-pressure lights are deactivated

Front 205

How can a mechanic determine the state of charge of the HRD bottles of fire extinguishing agent?

Back 205

A pressure gauge on the bottle shows the pressure of the contents of the bottle

Front 206

What method is used to discharge in HRD bottle in a turbine engine installation?

Back 206

An electrically ignited powder charge blows a knife through the seal on the bottle and discharges the contents

Front 207

Which type of fire detection system operates on the rate of temperature rise?

Back 207

The thermocouple system

Front 208

Which type of fire detection system operates on the rate of temperature rise?

Back 208

The thermocouple system

Front 209

What is indicated if the yellow blowout plug of the fire extinguishing system on the side of the engine nacelle is blown out?

Back 209

The built in fire extinguishing system has been discharged by normal operation

Front 210

What is indicated if the red blowout of the fire extinguishing system on the side of the engine nacelle is blown out?

Back 210

The built-in fire extinguisher system has been discharged by a high temperature condition

Front 211

How is a pressure type continuous Element fire detector system check for operation?

Back 211

Low-voltage alternating current is sent to the sheath of the detector element. This heats the element and it releases enough gas to close the diaphragm switch

Front 212

What are four types of engine fire detection systems?

Back 212

1. Thermoswitch system

2. Thermocouple system

3. Thermistor-type continuous loop system

4.pneumatic-type continuous loop system

Front 213

What are four types of engine fire detection systems?

Back 213

1. Thermoswitch system

2. Thermocouple system

3. Thermistor-type continuous loop system

4.pneumatic-type continuous loop system

Front 214

Why must a reference junction in a thermocouple fire detection system be thermally insulated?

Back 214

The reference junction must be insulated so it's temperature will not rise as quickly as that of the measuring junctions if a fire should occur

Front 215

What would likely cause a false fire alarm in a thermistor-type continuous loop system?

Back 215

A kink or pinched continuous loop element

Front 216

What would likely cause a false fire alarm in a thermistor-type continuous loop system?

Back 216

A kink or pinched continuous loop element

Front 217

If there is a break in a single wire continuous loop fire detector element, and the systems test bad, will indicate the presence of a fire?

Back 217

Yes, even though it tests bad it will still indicate the presence of a fire

Front 218

How is a pneumatic-type continuous loop fire detection system checked for operation?

Back 218

When the test switch is closed, low-voltage AC flows through the tube that encloses the sensitive element. This current heats the element enough for it to release sufficient gas to activate the alarm switch

Front 219

What maintenance is allowed on a continuous loop fire detection system?

Back 219

Inspect and replace as needed the continuous loop element, the controller, and the fire warning bell and/or light

Front 220

What maintenance is allowed on a continuous loop fire detection system?

Back 220

Inspect and replace as needed the continuous loop element, the controller, and the fire warning bell and/or light

Front 221

What is used as a fire extinguisher agent in some older aircraft?

Back 221

Carbon dioxide CO2

Front 222

What precaution must be taken when checking the electrical circuit for igniting the powder charge in the valve of a high rate discharge bottle?

Back 222

The current used to check the integrity of the electric circuit must not be high enough to ignite the powder charge

Front 223

What precaution must be taken when checking the electrical circuit for igniting the powder charge in the valve of a high rate discharge bottle?

Back 223

The current used to check the integrity of the electric circuit must not be high enough to ignite the powder charge

Front 224

What color and marking is used to identify the fluid lines that carry the fire extinguishing agent in an aircraft?

Back 224

Brown tape with a series of diamonds on it

Front 225

Why is stranded wire used rather than solid wire in most powerplant electrical systems?

Back 225

Solid wire is likely to break when is subjected to vibration

Front 226

What two things must be considered in selection of wire size when making an electrical installation in an aircraft?

Back 226

The current carrying capability of the wire & the amount of voltage drop that is caused by current flow

Front 227

Why are the wires in certain electrical installations twisted together?

Back 227

So the magnetic field's caused by current flowing through the wire are minimized

Front 228

What is used to protect a wire bundle from chafing where it passes through a hole in the bulkhead or frame?

Back 228

A grommet around the edges of the hole

Front 229

How are electrical wires protected where they passed through an area of high temperature?

Back 229

Insulated with high temperature insulation and the wires are enclosed in some type of protective circuit

Front 230

What is the minimum separation that is allowed between a wire bundle & a fluid line that carries combustible fluid or oxygen?

Back 230

6 inches

Front 231

What is the significance of the color of the solderless connectors that are used on electrical connectors?

Back 231

The color of the insulation indicates the size of the wire connector will fit.

Red = 22-18 gage

Blue = 16-14

Yellow = 12-10

Front 232

What is the maximum number of wire terminals that may be stacked on a single stud on a terminal strip

Back 232

4

Front 233

What is the purpose of the shielding that is used to encase some electrical wires?

Back 233

Shielding intercepts radiated electromagnetic energy & carries it to ground so it will not interfere with any nearby sensitive electronic equipment

Front 234

Why must they switch be derated if it is used in a circuit controlling DC electric motor?

Back 234

The initial current flowing into a DC electric motor is much higher than the current the motor uses after the Armature begins to rotate.

Front 235

What is used as the rectifier to produce direct current in a DC generator?

Back 235

Brushes & a commutator

Front 236

What is used as the rectifier to produce direct current in a DC generator?

Back 236

Brushes & a commutator

Front 237

How does a vibrator-type voltage regulator control the output voltage of a DC generator?

Back 237

The strength of the magnetic field produced in the voltage regulator relay is proportional to the generator output voltage. When the voltage rises above the regulated value, the relay pulls the contacts open and inserts a resistor in the generator field circuit. The contact vibrate open and closed, putting the resistor in & out of the field circuit to control the amount of voltage the generator produces

Front 238

What is used as the rectifier to produce direct current in a DC generator?

Back 238

Brushes & a commutator

Front 239

How does a vibrator-type voltage regulator control the output voltage of a DC generator?

Back 239

The strength of the magnetic field produced in the voltage regulator relay is proportional to the generator output voltage. When the voltage rises above the regulated value, the relay pulls the contacts open and inserts a resistor in the generator field circuit. The contact vibrate open and closed, putting the resistor in & out of the field circuit to control the amount of voltage the generator produces

Front 240

What is meant by paralleling the generators between aircraft engine?

Back 240

Adjusting the voltage of the generators so they will share the electrical load equally

Front 241

What is used as the rectifier to produce direct current in a DC generator?

Back 241

Brushes & a commutator

Front 242

How does a vibrator-type voltage regulator control the output voltage of a DC generator?

Back 242

The strength of the magnetic field produced in the voltage regulator relay is proportional to the generator output voltage. When the voltage rises above the regulated value, the relay pulls the contacts open and inserts a resistor in the generator field circuit. The contact vibrate open and closed, putting the resistor in & out of the field circuit to control the amount of voltage the generator produces

Front 243

What is meant by paralleling the generators between aircraft engine?

Back 243

Adjusting the voltage of the generators so they will share the electrical load equally

Front 244

What is meant by flashing the field of a DC generator?

Back 244

Restoring the residual magnetism to the frame of a generator by passing battery current through the field coils in the same direction it flows when the generator is producing current

Front 245

What kind of rectifier is used in a DC alternator of the type that is used on most modern light airplanes?

Back 245

A full – wave, three phase rectifier made up of six silicone diodes

Front 246

What is used to maintain a constant frequency of alternating current that is produced by an AC alternator driven by an aircraft turbine engine?

Back 246

A hydraulic CSD unit between the engine and alternator

Front 247

What three things must be synchronized before a three phase AC generator can be connected to a bus that is being served by another generator?

Back 247

The voltage, the frequency, and the phase rotation of the generators

Front 248

What must be done to reverse the direction of rotation of the Armature of a DC electric motor?

Back 248

The current flow must be reversed through the Armature or the field windings, but not through both of them

Front 249

What must be done to reverse the direction of rotation of the Armature of a DC electric motor?

Back 249

The current flow must be reversed through the Armature or the field windings, but not through both of them

Front 250

Does a series wound DC motor have a high or low starting torque?

Back 250

A high starting torque

Front 251

What must be done to reverse the direction of rotation of the Armature of a DC electric motor?

Back 251

The current flow must be reversed through the Armature or the field windings, but not through both of them

Front 252

Does a series wound DC motor have a high or low starting torque?

Back 252

A high starting torque

Front 253

Which aircraft electrical circuit does not contain a fuse or circuit breaker?

Back 253

The starter motor circuit

Front 254

When removing a battery from an aircraft, which connection should be removed first?

Back 254

The ground connection must be disconnected first and connected last

Front 255

What is meant by the effect of voltage of sine wave alternating current?

Back 255

The value of the AC that is needed to produce the same amount of heat as the value of DC

Front 256

What is a starter generator that is used with many of the smaller gas turbine engines?

Back 256

A single-engine mounted component that serves as a starter for starting the turbine engine. When the engine is running the circuitry can be shifted so it acts as a compound wound generator.

Front 257

What is a starter generator that is used with many of the smaller gas turbine engines?

Back 257

A single-engine mounted component that serves as a starter for starting the turbine engine. When the engine is running the circuitry can be shifted so it acts as a compound wound generator.

Front 258

When should aircraft wiring be installed in a conduit?

Back 258

When the wiring the passes through an area in the aircraft where open wiring would likely be damaged, such as through a wheel well

Front 259

When should the brushes in a starter motor be replaced?

Back 259

When they have worn to one half of their original length

Front 260

Is a starter motor series-wound or shunt-Wound?

Back 260

Series wound for maximum stalled rotor torque

Front 261

What are two ways wires can be attached to the pins in a Canon plug?

Back 261

By soldering the wires into pots on the pins and sockets

By crimping tapered pins onto the wires and inserting the pins into the tapered holes

Front 262

What must be done to a DC generator after it has been overhauled, before it can produce electricity?

Back 262

The field must be flashed to restore residual magnetism to the field frame so it can begin to produce current

Front 263

Why is it not necessary to flash the field of a DC alternator after it has been overhauled?

Back 263

In alternator field is excited by battery current. Residual voltage is not used to start the alternator producing current

Front 264

Why is it not necessary to flash the field of a DC alternator after it has been overhauled?

Back 264

In alternator field is excited by battery current. Residual voltage is not used to start the alternator producing current

Front 265

What is meant by a trip-free circuit breaker?

Back 265

A circuit breaker that opens a circuit anytime an excessive amount of current flows, regardless of the position of the circuit breakers operating handle

Front 266

Which way should the toggle of a switch that controls the propeller pitch move to place the propeller in low pitch (high RPM)?

Back 266

Forward

Front 267

Why are protective covers placed over some switches in an aircraft electrical circuit?

Back 267

To prevent the switch from being in advertently actuated

Front 268

What is meant by the viscosity of engine lubricating oil?

Back 268

The resistance to flow

Front 269

What is meant by a wet sump lubrication system?

Back 269

A lubrication system in which the oil is carried inside the engine itself

Front 270

What is meant by a dry sump lubrication system?

Back 270

A lubrication system in which the oil is carried in a tank that is not part of the engine

Front 271

How is oil temperature controlled in an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 271

Hot oil is directed through the core of the oil cooler, but cold oil is directed around the outside of the core so it will not be further cooled

Front 272

Is the oil temperature shown on the aircraft instrument panel the temperature of the oil entering the engine or the oil leaving the engine?

Back 272

It is the temperature of the oil entering the engine

Front 273

What is the purpose of oil dilution in a reciprocating engine?

Back 273

When very cold weather is anticipated, gasoline can be mixed with the lubricating oil before the engine is shut down. This reduces the viscosity of the oil and make starting easier.

Front 274

What is the function of the hopper in the oil tanks used with some reciprocating engines?

Back 274

Hoppers are a part of the oil dilution system. Only the oil in the hopper is diluted. This speeds up dilution and requires less gasoline

Front 275

What happens to the gasoline that is used to dilute the oil in the crankcase of an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 275

When the engine is running and the oil is warm, the gasoline evaporates.

Front 276

What is the purpose of the sludge plugs in the crankshaft of a reciprocating engine?

Back 276

They trap sludge that is in the oil and hold it until the engine is disassembled at overhaul

Front 277

Which pump is the larger in a dry sump lubricating system, the pressure pump or the scavenger pump?

Back 277

The scavenger pump has the greater volume

Front 278

Why do full-flow oil filters have a spring operated bypass valve?

Back 278

In case the filter should plug up so it cannot pass any oil, the bypass valve will open and allow unfiltered oil to flow through the system

Front 279

What is the function of a fuel-oil heat exchanger in the lubrication system of a turbojet engine?

Back 279

This allows heat from the oil to warm the fuel so Ice will not form on the fuel filters?

Front 280

What is the function of a fuel-oil heat exchanger in the lubrication system of a turbojet engine?

Back 280

This allows heat from the oil to warm the fuel so Ice will not form on the fuel filters?

Front 281

What kind of oil is used in most turbojet engines?

Back 281

Synthetic oil

Front 282

Where are the last chance oil filters located in a turbojet engine?

Back 282

Inside the engine just ahead of the nozzles that spray oil onto the bearings

Front 283

Where is the oil tank in a dry sump reciprocating engine vented?

Back 283

To the engine crankcase

Front 284

What information must be displayed around the oil filler opening for a turbojet engine?

Back 284

The word "oil" and the permissible oil designations, or references to the airplane flight manual for permissible oil designations

Front 285

What is the function of the oil control rings on the piston of an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 285

To maintain the proper quantity of oil between the piston in the cylinder wall

Front 286

What is meant by a spectrometric oil analysis?

Back 286

It is a program in which a sample oil is taken from the engine at regular intervals and sent to a laboratory, where it is burned in an electric arc. The resulting light is analyzed for the wavelengths of the elements that are present in the oil sample

Front 287

What indication what a pilot have if their oil supply was low?

Back 287

The oil temperature would be high and the oil pressure would be low

Front 288

What is meant by a hot tank lubrication system?

Back 288

A lubrication system in which the oil cooler is located in the pressure subsystem

Front 289

What is meant by a cold tank lubrication system?

Back 289

A lubrication system in which the oil cooler is located in the scavenge subsystem. The oil that is returned to the tank has been cooled

Front 290

What is straight mineral oil?

Back 290

It is the lubricating oil as obtained by fractional distillation of crude oil. It does not have any additives

Front 291

What is ashless disbursement oil?

Back 291

A mineral lubricating oil containing additives that disperse the contaminants throughout the oil so they do not clump and clog oil passages.

Front 292

What is synthetic oil?

Back 292

A lubricating oil that is made by chemically changing the nature of an oil base to give it the needed characteristics. Synthetic oil is the primary oil for turbine engines

Front 293

Is automotive oil suitable for use in aircraft engines?

Back 293

No

Front 294

What is meant by multi-viscosity oil?

Back 294

Lubricating oil with a viscosity index improver that increases the viscosity of the oil when it is hot and decreases the viscosity when it is cold

Front 295

What are six functions of the oil in an aircraft engine?

Back 295

Reduces friction

Seals and cushions

Transfers heat

Cleans inside the engine Protects against corrosion Performs hydraulic action

Front 296

Where can you find the grade of aircraft oil specified for a particular aircraft?

Back 296

In the aircraft flight manual or the pilot operating handbook for the aircraft

Front 297

What components in a reciprocating engine lubrication system must be inspected on a 100 hour or annual inspection?

Back 297

The oil sump or tank

The oil strainer screen

The oil filter

The oil cooler

Temperature control valve

The oil pressure and temperature gauges and any transmitters associated with them

The entire engine for indications of leaks

Front 298

What two instruments show the condition of a reciprocating engine lubrication system?

Back 298

Oil pressure and oil temperature gauges

Front 299

What must be done to an oil filter when is removed from the engine?

Back 299

It should be cut open and the pleaded element examined to determine the type and amount of containment carried by the oil

Front 300

What is the purpose of an air-oil separator, or deaerator, in a turbine engine oil tank?

Back 300

In normal operation, the oil picks up a quantity of air and it is world as it enters the Deaerator. The swirling action releases the air from the oil, and the air is used to pressurize the oil tank

Front 301

What is the purpose of an air-oil separator, or deaerator, in a turbine engine oil tank?

Back 301

In normal operation, the oil picks up a quantity of air and it is world as it enters the Deaerator. The swirling action releases the air from the oil, and the air is used to pressurize the oil tank

Front 302

What type of oil quantity indicator is used in most aircraft engines?

Back 302

A dipstick that measures the quantity of oil in the tank or the sump

Front 303

When should the engine oil quantity be checked on a turbine engine?

Back 303

As soon as practical after the engine shutdown

Front 304

Where is the oil temperature measured on a reciprocating engine?

Back 304

Usually at the oil pressure screen before the oil goes into the engine passages

Front 305

How is oil pressure regulated in an aircraft engine?

Back 305

A pressure relief valve senses the desired pressure and sends all of the oil that caused excessive pressure back into the engine sump

Front 306

Why do engine manufacturers recommend that engine lubricating oil be changed at specific intervals?

Back 306

The oil picks up contaminants and carries them to the engine where they can cause wear. The oil also becomes acidic and causes corrosion in the engine

Front 307

Why do engine manufacturers recommend that engine lubricating oil be changed at specific intervals?

Back 307

The oil picks up contaminants and carries them to the engine where they can cause wear. The oil also becomes acidic and causes corrosion in the engine

Front 308

What is the purpose of the restricted orifice in the line between the oil pressure gauge in the engine?

Back 308

The restricted fitting helps dampen any pulsations in the oil pressure caused by the pump

Front 309

What is the function of a capacitor in a magneto?

Back 309

The capacitor minimizes arcing at the breaker points, and it speeds up the collapse of the primary current as the breaker points open.

Front 310

What is the main advantage of a magneto ignition system over a battery ignition system for an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 310

A magneto has its own source of electrical energy, and is not dependent upon the battery

Front 311

What is the main advantage of a magneto ignition system over a battery ignition system for an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 311

A magneto has its own source of electrical energy, and is not dependent upon the battery

Front 312

What is a compensated magneto cam, and on what kind of engine is one used?

Back 312

A compensated cam is a special cam used in magnetos mounted on high-performance radial engines. The cam has one lobe for each cylinder, and the lobes are ground in such a way that the breaker points open when the pistons in the different cylinders are the same linear distance from top center

Front 313

What is the significance of the numbers on the distributor of an aircraft magneto?

Back 313

These numbers are the sparking order of the magneto, not the firing order of the engine

Front 314

What happens in a magneto ignition system when the ignition switch is placed in the off position?

Back 314

The primary circuit is connected to ground

Front 315

What is the reason for having a low tension ignition system on some aircraft?

Back 315

Low tension magnetos are used on aircraft that fly at high altitudes where there is a problem with flashover in the high tension magneto distributor

Front 316

What is the reason for having a low tension ignition system on some aircraft?

Back 316

Low tension magnetos are used on aircraft that fly at high altitudes where there is a problem with flashover in the high tension magneto distributor

Front 317

What is the basic difference between a low tension magneto in a high tension magneto?

Back 317

The low tension ignition system has only one coil in the magneto, and it uses a carbon brush type distributor. Low voltage is distributed to high tension transformers that are located on the heads of each cylinder.

A high tension magneto produces high voltage in the coil, and is sent to the correct spark plug by the built in high voltage distributor

Front 318

What is the reason for having a low tension ignition system on some aircraft?

Back 318

Low tension magnetos are used on aircraft that fly at high altitudes where there is a problem with flashover in the high tension magneto distributor

Front 319

What is the basic difference between a low tension magneto in a high tension magneto?

Back 319

The low tension ignition system has only one coil in the magneto, and it uses a carbon brush type distributor. Low voltage is distributed to high tension transformers that are located on the heads of each cylinder.

A high tension magneto produces high voltage in the coil, and is sent to the correct spark plug by the built in high voltage distributor

Front 320

What is meant by an all weather spark plug?

Back 320

A shielded spark plug that has a recess in the shielding in which a resilient grommet on the ignition lead forms a watertight seal

Front 321

What is meant by the reach of a spark plug?

Back 321

The length of the threads on the spark plug that screw into the cylinder head

Front 322

What is meant by the reach of a spark plug?

Back 322

The length of the threads on the spark plug that screw into the cylinder head

Front 323

What is the difference between a hot spark plug and a cold spark plug?

Back 323

Hey hot spark plug has a long path for the heat to travel between the nose core insulator in the spark plug shell.

In a cold spark plug the heat has a shorter distance to travel, and the spark plug operates cooler than a hot spark plug

Front 324

What is checked when a magneto is internally timed?

Back 324

Internally timing a magneto consist of adjusting the breaker points so they will open at the instant the rotating magnet is in its E-gap position, and The distributor rotor is in the position to direct the high-voltage to cylinder number 1

Front 325

What is the purpose of a vernier coupling used on some aircraft magneto drives?

Back 325

Magnetos that are based mounted must have a vernier coupling between the magneto drive and the engine. This vernier coupling allows the magneto to engine timing to be varied in increments of less than 1°

Front 326

What is the advantage of fine wire spark plugs over massive electrode spark plugs?

Back 326

Fine wire spark plugs have a firing end that is more open than that of a massive electrode spark plug. The open firing end allows the gases that contain lead to be purged from the spark plug so they will not form solid lead contaminants

Front 327

Why is it important that the spark plugs be kept in numbered holes in a tray when they are removed from an engine?

Back 327

Spark plugs tell a good deal about the internal condition of the cylinders from which they were taken. By knowing the cylinder from which each spark plug came, the mechanic can take the proper action when a spark plug indicates such conditions as detonation or overheating

Front 328

What is the purpose of staggered timing between the two magnetos on an aircraft engine?

Back 328

Engines in which the exhaust gas Scavenging from the cylinders is uneven use staggered ignition timing. The spark plug nearest the exhaust valve where the fuel air mixture is diluted fires before the spark plug on the intake side. By using staggered timing the flame front caused by the two spark plugs will meet in the center of the piston

Front 329

In what position should the ignition switch be placed when using a timing light on the magnetos?

Back 329

In the both position

Front 330

Why is it important that a torque wrench always be used when installing spark plugs in an aircraft engine?

Back 330

If the spark plugs are not put in tight enough there is a possibility of a poor seal, and if they are put in too tight there's a danger of cracking the insulation

Front 331

Why are pressurized magnetos used on most reciprocating engine powered aircraft that fly high altitudes?

Back 331

Pressurized air is a better insulator than less dense air. By pressurizing the distributors, the high-voltage is kept from arcing across to the wrong electrode and causing vibration and loss of engine power

Front 332

What type of ignition system is used on most turbine engines?

Back 332

High intensity, intermittent duty, capacitor discharge ignition systems

Front 333

What is meant by the E-gap in magneto timing?

Back 333

The E-gap angle is the position of the rotating magnet when the primary current flowing in the magneto coil is the greatest. The breaker points open when the rotating magnet is in its E-gap position

Front 334

What is the function of an impulse coupling?

Back 334

In impulse coupling is a spring driven coupling between the magneto and the engine. When the engine is being started, the impulse coupling holds the rotating magnet until the piston passes over its top center position and starts down. The impulse coupling releases the magnet and the spring spins it fast so that its produces a hot and late spark

Front 335

What kind of gauge should be used to measure the electrode gap in aircraft spark plugs?

Back 335

A round wire gauge

Front 336

How many igniters are used in most turbine engines?

Back 336

2

Front 337

How many igniters are used in most turbine engines?

Back 337

2

Front 338

What are two types of ignition systems used in turbine engines?

Back 338

High-voltage systems and low-voltage systems

Front 339

With which type of ignition system is a glow plug igniter used?

Back 339

A low-voltage system

Front 340

How is the strength of the magnet in a magneto checked?

Back 340

The magneto is put on a test stand and rotated at a specified speed. The breaker points are held open and the primary current is measured. The strength of the magnet determines the amount of primary current

Front 341

In what position is the magnet in a magneto when the greatest change in flux density in the coil core takes place?

Back 341

It is a few degrees beyond its neutral position. When it is in this position, the breaker points open and the primary current is interrupted. The flux change in the coil core is the greatest

Front 342

In what position is the magnet in a magneto where the breaker points begin to open?

Back 342

In its E-gap position, just a few degrees beyond its neutral position

Front 343

In what position is the magnet in a magneto where the breaker points begin to open?

Back 343

In its E-gap position, just a few degrees beyond its neutral position

Front 344

What malfunction in the ignition would cause an aircraft reciprocating engine to continue to run after the ignition switch is placed in the off opposition?

Back 344

The ignition switch is not grounding the magneto primary circuit

Front 345

What turns on the auto ignition system in a turboprop engine?

Back 345

A torque pressure switch energizes the system when the engine stops producing torque

Front 346

What kind of equipment is used to test an ignition harness for a reciprocating engine?

Back 346

A high-voltage electrical leakage detector

Front 347

What kind of electric starting system is used on many of the smaller turbine engines?

Back 347

A starter generator

Front 348

What happens when the start switch for a turbine engine with a starter generator is placed in the start position?

Back 348

Current flows into the starter relay which closes in actuates the ignition exciter

Current flows through the series motor coils of the starter generator and rotates the engine until it starts

Front 349

What happens when the start switch for a turbine engine with a starter generator is placed in the run position?

Back 349

The starter relay opens, shutting off currents to the ignition exciter and the motor windings in the starter generator

The generator field relay is closed connecting the voltage regulator to the starter generator

The output of the generator flows to the bus through the generator circuit breaker

Front 350

What is indicated if the starter relay chatters rather than locks in, when the start switch is placed in the start position?

Back 350

The battery voltage is too low to supply enough current to hold the relay engaged

Front 351

why are air turbine starters superior to electric starters for large turbine engines?

Back 351

They are light weight for the torque they produce

Front 352

Where does in air turbine starter get it Air Force starting the engines on a jet transport plane?

Back 352

From an APU, GPU, or from a running engine

Front 353

What is the purpose of the sheer section in an air turbine driveshaft?

Back 353

If the ratchet mechanism fails to release and the engine drives the starter to a speed higher than its designed speed, the sheer section will break and disconnect the starter from the engine

Front 354

What prevents too high an air pressure from over speeding an air turbine starter?

Back 354

The air shut off and regulating valve

Front 355

Where does an air turbine starter get its lubricating oil?

Back 355

It has a self-contained lubrication system with the oil held in the starter housing

Front 356

What device in an air turbine starter warns a technician if there any metal chips or particles in the oil?

Back 356

Magnetic chip detectors

Front 357

Where does the fuel metering system of a turbine engine discharge its fuel?

Back 357

If fuel is discharged through the spray nozzles into the combustion chambers

Front 358

What is adjusted when the fuel control unit of a turbine engine is trimmed?

Back 358

The idle speed and maximum thrust speed

Front 359

What are two locations water may be injected into a turbine engine?

Back 359

At the compressor inlet and at the inlet to the diffuser section

Front 360

What is meant by a duplex nozzle in a turbine engine fuel metering system?

Back 360

A duplex fuel nozzle is one that has two fuel discharge passages. A flow divider sends fuel for low-pressure operation through one passage, and when the engine demands more fuel, it is sprayed out through the second discharge passage. The spray pattern keeps the flame centered in the burner for all operating conditions

Front 361

What is meant by a duplex nozzle in a turbine engine fuel metering system?

Back 361

A duplex fuel nozzle is one that has two fuel discharge passages. A flow divider sends fuel for low-pressure operation through one passage, and when the engine demands more fuel, it is sprayed out through the second discharge passage. The spray pattern keeps the flame centered in the burner for all operating conditions

Front 362

What is the function of a float carburetor?

Back 362

Measure airflow through the engine induction system and dispense the appropriate amount of gasoline into the airflow for all engine operating parameters and conditions. It must also provide the fuel in a state that is as vaporized as possible by the time ignition occurs.

Front 363

Does the fuel air mixture provided by a float carburetor become richer or leaner as the aircraft goes up in altitude?

Back 363

If the mixture is not adjusted it will become richer as the aircraft increases in altitude

Front 364

Does the fuel air mixture provided by a float carburetor become richer or leaner when carburetor heat is applied?

Back 364

Richer

Front 365

What would happen to the fuel air mixture ratio in a float carburetor if the main air bleed were to become plugged?

Back 365

The mixture would become excessively Rich

Front 366

How does the automatic mixture control in a pressure carburetor keep the fuel air mixture constant as the aircraft changes altitude?

Back 366

It automatically and progressively bleeds the air between the two sides of the air diaphragm and decreases the air metering force. This leans the mixture as the aircraft climbs

Front 367

What are two purposes of the manifold valve or flow divider in the fuel injection system of a horizontally opposed aircraft engine?

Back 367

It provides a constant discharge fuel pressure for idling

It provides a positive shut off for the fuel when the engine is shut down

Front 368

How does the mixture control change the fuel air mixture ratio on the Teledyne-continental fuel injection system?

Back 368

When the mixture control is in its full rich position, all fuel goes to the manifold valve. When it is in the idol cut off position, all fuel is returned to the pump inlet. Intermediate positions vary the amount of fuel that goes to the engine

Front 369

Why must the diaphragms of a pressure carburetor be soaked before the carburetor is ready for flight?

Back 369

Soaking the diaphragms of a pressure carburetor restores them to the condition of flexibility that they had when the carburetor was calibrated

Front 370

What are two basic types of fuel controls for aircraft turbine engines?

Back 370

Hydropneumatic

Electro-hydromechanical

Front 371

How does the exhaust gas temperature of a reciprocating engine tell anything about the fuel air mixture being burned by the engine?

Back 371

A stoichiometric mixture Produces the highest EGT. The mixture is adjusted to get the highest EGT, and then it is enriched to place it on the rich side of stoichiometric.

Front 372

What two things are adjusted when adjusting the idling of a reciprocating engine?

Back 372

The throttle stop, to get the proper idling RPM

The idle mixture control, to get the smoothest operation

Front 373

What is controlled by the adjustment of the orifice in the fuel pump of a Teledyne-continental fuel injection system?

Back 373

The high unmetered fuel pressure

Front 374

What is the significance of the letters that were stamped on the flats of a fuel injection nozzle?

Back 374

These letters designate the relative size of the orifice in the injector nozzle. The lower the letter, the smaller the amount of fuel the nozzle will flow

Front 375

What is the function of the Derichment valve in a pressure carburetor used on an aircraft engine with in anti-detonation injection system?

Back 375

The derichment valve automatically closes to lean the fuel air mixture when the ADI fluid is flowing. As soon as the ADI fluid stops flowing, the Derichment valve opens and the mixture returns to its rich condition

Front 376

What is the function of the economizer system in an aircraft engine carburetor?

Back 376

The economizer system allows the engine to operate with an economically lean mixture for all conditions other than full power. When the throttles open for full power the enrichment system automatically enriches the mixture to remove some of the heat that is developed during this operation

Front 377

In what position is the mixture control placed for starting an engine that is equipped with a pressure carburetor?

Back 377

In the idol cut off position. The engine is started with fuel from the primer system

Front 378

In what position is the carburetor he control placed when starting an aircraft engine?

Back 378

In the cold position

Front 379

Why is an aircraft reciprocating engine killed by placing the mixture control in the cut off position, rather than by using the magneto switch?

Back 379

By cutting off the fuel to the cylinders, the combustion chamber's are left full of air with no fuel. This makes the engine less likely to fire if the propeller is pulled through with the ignition switch accidentally on

Front 380

Where is the fuel from a continuous flow fuel injection system discharged?

Back 380

It is discharged through injector nozzles screwed into the cylinder heads near the intake valves

Front 381

In which direction relative to the wind should a turbine powered aircraft be positioned when the fuel control is being trimmed?

Back 381

If the wind is less than 10 mph, it can be faced in any direction. If the wind is between 10 and 25 mph it should be trimmed facing into the wind. Engine trimming should not be performed in winds that exceed 25 miles an hour

Front 382

What engine parameters are sensed by the fuel control unit of a turbine engine?

Back 382

Engine RPM

Inlet air pressure

Compressor discharge pressure

Burner can pressure

Inlet air temperature

Front 383

When does the acceleration system operate on an aircraft carburetor?

Back 383

When the throttle is suddenly opened

Front 384

When does the acceleration system operate on an aircraft carburetor?

Back 384

When the throttle is suddenly opened

Front 385

What parameters are normally sensed by turbine engine fuel controls

Back 385

Power lever angle

Compressor and let total temperature

Compressor rpm

Burner pressure

Front 386

What is meant by trimming a turbine engine?

Back 386

Adjusting the fuel control for the specific gravity of the fuel and for the proper idle and full throttle RPM

Front 387

What are two types of electronic fuel controls for turbine engines?

Back 387

Supervisory electronic engine control

Full authority Digital electronic control

Front 388

What is FADEC?

Back 388

A full authority digital electronic control is a high precision fuel control that functions during all engine operations.

Front 389

Does a turbine engine control by a FADEC require manual trimming?

Back 389

No, this is done by the FADEC

Front 390

When should a turbine engine be re-trimmed?

Back 390

Anytime there is a decrease in engine thrust, and after any maintenance that the manufacturer specified as requiring trimming

Front 391

Are the instruments installed in an aircraft suitable for use when trimming a turbine engine?

Back 391

No, a special analyzer/trimmer such as JetCal should be used

Front 392

What specifications are used to trim a turbine engine?

Back 392

The data plate specifications for the specific engine. This data was obtained when the engine was calibrated in the manufactures test cell

Front 393

Where would ambient temperature be measured when trimming a turbine engine?

Back 393

In a shaded area as near the engine inlet as practical

Front 394

What is the purpose of the bypass valve in an engine driven fuel pump?

Back 394

To allow fuel to flow around the engine driven pump for starting & for emergency operation if the pump should fail

Front 395

On which side of the firewall is the engine fuel shut off valve located?

Back 395

The shut off valve must be on the side of the firewall away from the engine

Front 396

What are three purposes for the boost pumps in an aircraft fuel system?

Back 396

To provide fuel pressure for starting the engine

To pressurize the fuel lines to prevent vapor lock

To transfer fuel from one tank to another

Front 397

What kind of boost pump is used in most aircraft fuel systems?

Back 397

Electrically operated centrifugal pumps

Front 398

Where does an engine driven fuel pump direct the excess fuel from its pressure relief valve?

Back 398

Back to the inlet side of the pump

Front 399

What causes vapor lock in an aircraft fuel system?

Back 399

The fuel becomes hot enough that it boils. Vapors are released from the liquid fuel, and these vapors block the fuel lines so the liquid fuel cannot flow to the engine

Front 400

What is done in most aircraft fuel systems to prevent vapor lock?

Back 400

Boost pumps in the fuel tank pressurize the fuel in the lines and force the fuel into the fuel metering system

Front 401

What is meant by a compensated relief valve in an engine driven fuel pump?

Back 401

A pressure relief valve that is acted upon by a diaphragm as well as a spring. Atmospheric pressure acting on the diaphragm varies the pump discharge pressure so that it will remain a given amount higher than the pressure of the air entering the carburetor

Front 402

What is the purpose of the pressurizing and dump valve in the fuel system for a turbine engine?

Back 402

All of the turbine fuel should be drained out and the system filled with the proper grade aviation gasoline. The engine should be given a compression check and all of the cylinders should be inspected with a borescope. The oil should be drained and the filters carefully examined. The engine should be given a complete run up check

Front 403

What are two basic types of turbine engine fuel?

Back 403

Jet A & jet A-1, which are special type of kerosene base fuel.

Front 404

Why do some turbine engine fuel systems incorporate a fuel heater?

Back 404

The fuel heater keeps the fuel warm enough that any water that precipitates out of the fuel will not freeze on the filters

Front 405

What are two reasons prist is used in turbine engine fuel?

Back 405

Prist is an anti-freeze agent that lowers the freezing point of any water the precipitates out of the fuel.

It also acts as a biocidal agent that kills the microbial growth that forms scum in fuel tanks.

Front 406

Why do some aircraft fuel filters have a built-in relief valve?

Back 406

The relief valve will open and allow unfiltered fuel to flow to the fuel control device if the filter should become plugged with ice or other contaminants

Front 407

What is meant by a compensated fuel pump?

Back 407

A fuel pump that senses the ambient air pressure and maintains the fuel pressure at a specific amount above this air pressure

Front 408

What would likely cause a reciprocating engine equipped with a float carburetor to hesitate momentarily when the throttle is rapidly advanced from idol to full power?

Back 408

A malfunctioning accelerator pump

Front 409

Why do aircraft fuel metering systems for reciprocating engines have mixture controls?

Back 409

The air density increases as the aircraft ascends, causing the mixture to become richer. The mixture control allows the fuel to be decreased to maintain a fuel air mixture ratio that produces the desired power

Front 410

What are two types of fuel injection systems used on modern reciprocating aircraft engines?

Back 410

Teledyne Continental system

Precision Airmotive system

Front 411

What is used in the TCM fuel injection system to control the amount of fuel sent to the nozzles?

Back 411

The engine speed determines the injector pump output pressure.

The relief valve determines the fuel for low-speed operation

The adjustable orifice determines the fuel for high-speed operation

Front 412

What is used in the precision Airmotive system to control the amount of fuel sent to the nozzles?

Back 412

The mass of the air entering the engine acts on an air diaphragm that controls a servo ball valve in the line between the regulator in the flow divider

Front 413

Where are the fuel strainer is normally located in an aircraft fuel system?

Back 413

Finger strainers are located in the tank outlet

The main strainer is located at the lowest point in the fuel system

Strainers in the carburetor or feel injection system

Front 414

What are two types of fuel heaters used in a jet transport aircraft?

Back 414

Air to fuel heat exchanger

Oil to fuel heat exchanger

Front 415

What two things are adjusted when setting the idling conditions on a float carburetor?

Back 415

Idling RPM by adjusting the throttle stop

Idling mixture by adjusting idle needle valve

Front 416

Where is the heat taken from that is used to heat the induction air in a reciprocating engine?

Back 416

From a muff that is installed around some part of the exhaust system

Front 417

Where does the alternate air come from that is used with a pressure carburetor or a fuel injection system?

Back 417

From inside the engine cowling

Front 418

Where does carburetor ice normally form?

Back 418

In the throat of the carburetor

On and around the throttle valve

Front 419

Does the application of carburetor heat cause the fuel air mixture to become richer or leaner?

Back 419

Richer

Front 420

What is used to drive most of the external superchargers used on modern reciprocating engines?

Back 420

Exhaust gases

Front 421

What controls the speed of a turbocharger compressor?

Back 421

The amount of exhaust gas that is forced to flow through the turban. This is controlled by the position of the wastegate

Front 422

What is meant by a convergent inlet duct for a turbine engine?

Back 422

A convergent duct is one who's cross-sectional area becomes smaller in the direction the air flows

Front 423

What is meant by a divergent inlet duct for a turbine engine?

Back 423

A divergent duct is one whose cross-sectional area becomes greater in the direction the air flows

Front 424

What kind of Inlet duct is often used on turbine powered helicopters?

Back 424

A bell mouthed Inlet duct

Front 425

What is the danger of operating an aircraft reciprocating engine with too high a carburetor air temperature?

Back 425

The fuel air mixture can reach it's critical temperature and detonate

Front 426

Why do some turbine engines use variable inlet guide vanes?

Back 426

The vanes are automatically adjusted to direct the air into the engine in such a way that it keeps the rpm vs. velocity proper for the most efficient operation

Front 427

How do some turbine engines prevent ice formation on the inlet guide vanes?

Back 427

Hot compressor bleed air flows through the hollow inlet guide vanes

Front 428

What is usually installed in a large reciprocating engine between the turbo supercharger and the carburetor?

Back 428

In intercooler. This is in air to heat exchanger

Front 429

In what position should the carburetor heat control be placed when starting a reciprocating engine?

Back 429

In the cold position

Front 430

How does an engine air inlet vortex destroyer help prevent foreign object damage to the engine?

Back 430

A high velocity stream of compressor bleed air is blown out in front of the engine to break up the Vortices that form in front of the engine when it is operating at high-power on the ground

Front 431

Why does ice form in the throat of a float carburetor?

Back 431

When liquid fuel evaporates it absorbs enough heat from the air to cause moisture to condense out and freeze

Front 432

Does the application of carburetor heat cause the fuel air mixture to become richer or leaner?

Back 432

Richer

Front 433

What happens to engine RPM when carburetor heat is applied?

Back 433

RPM drops

Front 434

What happens to engine RPM when carburetor heat is applied?

Back 434

RPM drops

Front 435

Why should the use of carburetor heat be limited when operating an engine with the aircraft on the ground?

Back 435

The air that flows into the engine when the carburetor heat is applied is not filtered

Front 436

Why is a fuel injected reciprocating engine not as prone to icing as an engine equipped with the float carburetor?

Back 436

In a fuel injected engine the liquid fuel evaporates in the intake valve chamber of the hot cylinder head

Front 437

How is ice prevented from forming on the nose Cowell, nose cowl and inlet guide vanes of a turbine engine?

Back 437

Hot compressor bleed air flows through passages in these components to keep them too warm for ice to form

Front 438

What does a fuel injected engine have that prevents the loss of induction air, if the air inlet filter should become covered with ice?

Back 438

An alternate air valve allows warm air from inside the engine cowling to flow into the fuel metering system

Front 439

What would be the effect on engine operation of an air leak in the intake pipe for one cylinder?

Back 439

That cylinder would run lean and detonation would occur

Front 440

Why is it very important that the induction air filters be kept clean and replaced as often as the manufacturer recommends?

Back 440

Clogged air filter's can restrict the air entering the engine

Front 441

Why is it very important that the induction air filters be kept clean and replaced as often as the manufacturer recommends?

Back 441

Clogged air filter's can restrict the air entering the engine

Front 442

What is meant by pressure cooling of an aircraft engine?

Back 442

Air cooling in which air is forced to flow through baffles and cylinder fins by a pressure differential across the engine

Front 443

What is the purpose of an augmenter tube in the cooling system of an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 443

The tube uses the velocity of the exhaust gases to produce a low pressure on one side of the engine that helps pull cooling air through it

Front 444

What is the purpose of an augmenter tube in the cooling system of an aircraft reciprocating engine?

Back 444

The tube uses the velocity of the exhaust gases to produce a low pressure on one side of the engine that helps pull cooling air through it

Front 445

Where is the highest temperature located in a turbine engine?

Back 445

At the inlet to the high-pressure turbine

Front 446

How are the turbine inlet guide vanes and first-stage turbine blades in some turbine engines cooled?

Back 446

High pressure compressor bleed air flows through the hollow guide vanes and hollow turbine blades

Front 447

Which side of an air cooled engine cylinder has the greatest amount of cooling fins?

Back 447

The side of the cylinder in which the exhaust valve is located

Front 448

Which side of an air cooled engine cylinder has the greatest amount of cooling fins?

Back 448

The side of the cylinder in which the exhaust valve is located

Front 449

What should be done to repair a bent cooling fin on a cast aluminum cylinder head?

Back 449

It is normally best to leave a bent cast fin alone if it does not restrict the flow of air. Cast fins are brittle and could break off

Front 450

What is used in a helicopter to increase the amount of cooling air that flows over the engine cylinders?

Back 450

A belt driven fan

Front 451

What should be the position of the Cowell flaps on reciprocating engine when is run on the ground?

Back 451

They should be wide-open when operating on the ground

Front 452

What is the function of the majority of the air that passes through turbine engine?

Back 452

Most of the air is used for cooling

Front 453

What is the function of the majority of the air that passes through turbine engine?

Back 453

Most of the air is used for cooling

Front 454

How is the structure around a turbine engine protected from excessive heat from the engine?

Back 454

In insulating blanket protects the structure from excessive heat

Front 455

What is the function of blast tubes that are installed in a pressure cooling system of reciprocating engine?

Back 455

The blast tubes direct cooling air to the magnetos and the generator

Front 456

What is the function of blast tubes that are installed in a pressure cooling system of reciprocating engine?

Back 456

The blast tubes direct cooling air to the magnetos and the generator

Front 457

Of what material is the insulation blanket made that is used to protect the aircraft structure from the heat produced by a turbine engine?

Back 457

Fiberglass sandwiched between sheets of metal foil

Front 458

What must be inspected on the cooling system of an air cooled engine?

Back 458

All of the baffles and air seals must be in place and in good condition

Front 459

Why shouldn't an air cooled engine not be run up to high power without the cowling installed?

Back 459

The engine depends on the cowling to force air through the cylinder fins to remove the excess heat

Front 460

Why do some air cooled engine installations have cowl flaps?

Back 460

Cowl flaps produce a low pressure on one side of the engine to pull air through the cooling fins on the cylinders

Front 461

Where can you find what is the maximum amount of cylinder fin area that can be removed in order to clean out a damaged area?

Back 461

In the engine overhaul manual

Front 462

Where can you find what is the maximum amount of cylinder fin area that can be removed in order to clean out a damaged area?

Back 462

In the engine overhaul manual

Front 463

What document describes the proper use of cowl flaps on an air cooled engine?

Back 463

The pilot operating handbook

Front 464

Of what material are most reciprocating engine exhaust components made?

Back 464

Corrosion resistant steel

Front 465

How is the speed of a turbocharger controlled?

Back 465

By controlling the amount of exhaust gas that flows through the turbine. This is controlled by the position of the wastegate that is in the exhaust pipe

Front 466

What type of actuator is used to control the position of a turbocharger wastegate?

Back 466

A hydraulic actuator that uses engine oil pressure to move the piston

Front 467

How tight should the clamps be tightened that hold sections of a reciprocating engine exhaust system together?

Back 467

They should not be so tight that they will be damaged when the expands exhaust just him components

Front 468

How does a power recovery turbine increase the power of a reciprocating engine?

Back 468

Exhaust driven velocity turbines are coupled through a hydraulic drive to the engine crankshaft. Energy that would normally be lost is used to drive the turbines, and the turbines assist in turning the crank shaft

Front 469

What would be the effect on engine performance of an internal failure of the muffler?

Back 469

This will increase exhaust back pressure and cause a loss of engine power

Front 470

What would be the effect on engine performance of an internal failure of the muffler?

Back 470

This will increase exhaust back pressure and cause a loss of engine power

Front 471

What effect on turbine engine operation is caused by a change in the area of the exhaust nozzle?

Back 471

compression ratio

RPM

mass airflow through the engine

EGT

Front 472

What are two types of thrust reverser's that are used with turbojet engines?

Back 472

Mechanical blockage (clamshell) & aerodynamic blockage (cascade)

Front 473

How does a noise suppressor reduce the amount of noise produced by turbojet engine?

Back 473

It breaks up the low-frequency vibrations in the exhaust stream and converts them into higher frequencies.

Front 474

What is the purpose of the ball joints & bellows in the exhaust system of a reciprocating engine?

Back 474

They allow the exhaust system components to change their dimensions without causing any leaks

Front 475

What is the purpose of the ball joints & bellows in the exhaust system of a reciprocating engine?

Back 475

They allow the exhaust system components to change their dimensions without causing any leaks

Front 476

Why do some supersonic aircraft use a convergent-divergent exhaust duct?

Back 476

It controls the gas expansion as it leaves the engine so the gases will produce thrust at supersonic velocities

Front 477

Why is it important that a lead pencil never be used to mark on an aircraft exhaust System?

Back 477

The graphite in a lead pencil will infuse into the metal when it gets hot. It makes the metal brittle and likely to crack

Front 478

What type of damage is normally found in the hot section of a turbine engine?

Back 478

Cracks caused by heat

Front 479

What type of damage is normally found in the hot section of a turbine engine?

Back 479

Cracks caused by heat

Front 480

How does a leak appear in an engine exhaust system?

Back 480

It normally looks like a gray or black feather shape streak coming from a crack or from a location where components are not in perfect alignment

Front 481

What type of damage is normally found in the hot section of a turbine engine?

Back 481

Cracks caused by heat

Front 482

How does a leak appear in an engine exhaust system?

Back 482

It normally looks like a gray or black feather shape streak coming from a crack or from a location where components are not in perfect alignment

Front 483

How can you check an exhaust System for leaks?

Back 483

Pressurize the exhaust system with the discharge from a vacuum cleaner and wipe a soap solution all over joints in suspected areas. A leak will cause bubbles to form

Front 484

How do the components in the exhaust system of a turbocharged engine allow for expansion and contraction do to heat and at the same time prevent leakage?

Back 484

Bellows and ball joints

Front 485

What type of damage is most common in the exhaust system of reciprocating engine?

Back 485

Cracks caused by expansion and contraction

Front 486

Should a turbocharged engine be started with the wastegate open or closed?

Back 486

Open, so as much exhaust as possible will bypass the turbine

Front 487

Should a turbocharged engine be started with the wastegate open or closed?

Back 487

Open, so as much exhaust as possible will bypass the turbine

Front 488

Why are thrust reverser's not normally used when the airplane is moving below approximately 60 knots?

Back 488

There's a danger of recirculating the exhaust gases, and of the engine ingesting foreign objects stirred up by the high velocity gases

Front 489

What is a mechanical blockage thrust reverser?

Back 489

A thrust reverser that slides a pair of scoop shaped doors aft and opens them so they blocked the rearward flow of gases and deflects the gases forward

Front 490

What is a mechanical blockage thrust reverser?

Back 490

A thrust reverser that slides a pair of scoop shaped doors aft and opens them so they blocked the rearward flow of gases and deflects the gases forward

Front 491

How does a cascade type thrust reverser operate

Back 491

A portion of the fan cowl moves rearward, and a series of blocker doors deflect the fan discharge air through the fan Cascades that direct the discharge air forward. At the same time, blocker doors shut off the flow of gases from the core engine and deflect it for through Cascades that direct it forward

Front 492

How is ice removed from propeller blades?

Back 492

In electrothermal deicing system is used. Electrical heating elements are embedded in rubber boots that are bonded to the leading edges of the blades. Low-voltage DC flows from the propeller deicer control through brushes and slip rings to the heating elements.

Front 493

How is ice prevented from forming on propeller blades?

Back 493

A chemical anti-icing system is used. A mixture of ethylene glycol and isopropyl alcohol is pumped into a slinger ring on the back of the propeller hub. From here centrifugal force slings it out along the blades. Ice cannot form on the resulting slick surface

Front 494

How is ice prevented from forming on propeller blades?

Back 494

A chemical anti-icing system is used. A mixture of ethylene glycol and isopropyl alcohol is pumped into a slinger ring on the back of the propeller hub. From here centrifugal force slings it out along the blades. Ice cannot form on the resulting slick surface

Front 495

Should an adjustable pitch propeller being high pitch or locate for take off?

Back 495

Low pitch

Front 496

What is done to cause a Hydromatic propeller to feather?

Back 496

High-pressure engine oil is directed into the propeller to the governor

Front 497

What is done to cause a Hydromatic propeller to feather?

Back 497

High-pressure engine oil is directed into the propeller to the governor

Front 498

What is done to cause a McCauley propeller to feather?

Back 498

Oil is allowed to drain out of the propeller

Front 499

Does centrifugal twisting moment on a propeller blade tend to move the blades toward high pitch or low pitch?

Back 499

Toward low pitch

Front 500

Do the counterweights on a propeller tend to move the blades toward high pitch or toward low pitch?

Back 500

Toward high pitch

Front 501

Do the counterweights on a propeller tend to move the blades toward high pitch or toward low pitch?

Back 501

Toward high pitch

Front 502

What is the difference between a controllable propeller and a constant speed propeller?

Back 502

Basically it is the control system. A controllable pitch propeller uses a manually operated oil valve to control the pitch. A constant speed propeller uses a governor to control valve

Front 503

When making a magneto check on an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller, should the propeller control be in the low pitch or high pitch position?

Back 503

It should be in the low pitch position

Front 504

What can be done to prevent the front cone from bottoming when installing a propeller on the splined shaft?

Back 504

Install a spacer behind the rear cone to move the propeller forward on the shaft

Front 505

What can be done to prevent the front cone from bottoming when installing a propeller on the splined shaft?

Back 505

Install a spacer behind the rear cone to move the propeller forward on the shaft

Front 506

What is the purpose of the small holes that were drilled in the end of wooden propellers?

Back 506

These holes vent the inside of the propeller blade and allow moisture that collects in the wood to be released

Front 507

What is the function of the snap ring inside the hub of a propeller that is mounted on a tapered or spline shaft?

Back 507

The snap ring allows the propeller to be pulled off of the shaft when the retaining nut is backed off

Front 508

What is the function of the snap ring inside the hub of a propeller that is mounted on a tapered or spline shaft?

Back 508

The snap ring allows the propeller to be pulled off of the shaft when the retaining nut is backed off

Front 509

What is adjusted inside the governor for a constant speed propeller to change the speed at which the propeller is operating?

Back 509

The compression of the speeder Spring

Front 510

What is the function of the snap ring inside the hub of a propeller that is mounted on a tapered or spline shaft?

Back 510

The snap ring allows the propeller to be pulled off of the shaft when the retaining nut is backed off

Front 511

What is adjusted inside the governor for a constant speed propeller to change the speed at which the propeller is operating?

Back 511

The compression of the speeder Spring

Front 512

What is the function of the accumulator that is used with some McCauley feathering propellers?

Back 512

The accumulator stores oil under pressure when the engine is operating normally. The oil is used to help the propeller blades move toward low pitch when the propellers being on unfeathered

Front 513

What is meant by the Beta range of operation of a turboprop propeller?

Back 513

This is the mode of ground operating, and it includes starting, taxing, and ground reverse operation

Front 514

What is meant by the alpha range of operation of a turboprop propeller?

Back 514

This is the in-flight mode of operation from takeoff to landing

Front 515

What is meant by the alpha range of operation of a turboprop propeller?

Back 515

This is the in-flight mode of operation from takeoff to landing

Front 516

Is the flat surface of a propeller blade the face of the blade or the back of the blade?

Back 516

It is the face of the blade

Front 517

What keeps a McAuley feathering propeller from feathering when the engine is shut down on the ground?

Back 517

A spring-loaded latch match it is a mechanism prevents the blades moving into the feather position with the engine shutdown on the ground.

Front 518

What does the pilot do to change the RPM of an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller when it is operating within the constant speed range?

Back 518

The pilot moves the propeller pitch control. This changes the compression of the speeder spring inside the governor which moves the pilot valve. The pilot valve directs oil into or out of the propeller to change the pitch of the blades. The change in pitch changes the air load on the propeller which changes the RPM

Front 519

What does the pilot do to change the RPM of an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller when it is operating within the constant speed range?

Back 519

The pilot moves the propeller pitch control. This changes the compression of the speeder spring inside the governor which moves the pilot valve. The pilot valve directs oil into or out of the propeller to change the pitch of the blades. The change in pitch changes the air load on the propeller which changes the RPM

Front 520

What is meant by a slave engine with regard to propeller synchronization?

Back 520

This is the engine in a multi engine airplane who's RPMs follow those set on the master engine

Front 521

What does the pilot do to change the RPM of an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller when it is operating within the constant speed range?

Back 521

The pilot moves the propeller pitch control. This changes the compression of the speeder spring inside the governor which moves the pilot valve. The pilot valve directs oil into or out of the propeller to change the pitch of the blades. The change in pitch changes the air load on the propeller which changes the RPM

Front 522

What is meant by a slave engine with regard to propeller synchronization?

Back 522

This is the engine in a multi engine airplane who's RPMs follow those set on the master engine

Front 523

How can you determine that the electrically heated deicer boots on the propeller blades are working as they should?

Back 523

Observe the load meter or ammeter to see if the proper current is flowing, and follow the sequence of boot heating by feeling with your hands to see which one is heating and for how long.

Front 524

What does the pilot do to change the RPM of an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller when it is operating within the constant speed range?

Back 524

The pilot moves the propeller pitch control. This changes the compression of the speeder spring inside the governor which moves the pilot valve. The pilot valve directs oil into or out of the propeller to change the pitch of the blades. The change in pitch changes the air load on the propeller which changes the RPM

Front 525

What is meant by a slave engine with regard to propeller synchronization?

Back 525

This is the engine in a multi engine airplane who's RPMs follow those set on the master engine

Front 526

How can you determine that the electrically heated deicer boots on the propeller blades are working as they should?

Back 526

Observe the load meter or ammeter to see if the proper current is flowing, and follow the sequence of boot heating by feeling with your hands to see which one is heating and for how long.

Front 527

How are propellers on a twin engine airplane synchronized?

Back 527

The propeller governor of the master engine is set to a desired RPM. A signal from the master engine governor is sent to the control box which sends a signal to a stepping motor. The motor adjusts the propeller Govenor and fuel control of the slave engine causing it to maintain exactly the same rpm as a master engine

Front 528

What does the pilot do to change the RPM of an engine equipped with a constant speed propeller when it is operating within the constant speed range?

Back 528

The pilot moves the propeller pitch control. This changes the compression of the speeder spring inside the governor which moves the pilot valve. The pilot valve directs oil into or out of the propeller to change the pitch of the blades. The change in pitch changes the air load on the propeller which changes the RPM

Front 529

What is meant by a slave engine with regard to propeller synchronization?

Back 529

This is the engine in a multi engine airplane who's RPMs follow those set on the master engine

Front 530

How can you determine that the electrically heated deicer boots on the propeller blades are working as they should?

Back 530

Observe the load meter or ammeter to see if the proper current is flowing, and follow the sequence of boot heating by feeling with your hands to see which one is heating and for how long.

Front 531

How are propellers on a twin engine airplane synchronized?

Back 531

The propeller governor of the master engine is set to a desired RPM. A signal from the master engine governor is sent to the control box which sends a signal to a stepping motor. The motor adjusts the propeller Govenor and fuel control of the slave engine causing it to maintain exactly the same rpm as a master engine

Front 532

Where do you find a list of the lubricants that are approved for use in constant speed propellers?

Back 532

In the maintenance manual for the propeller

Front 533

Who, or what facility, is authorized to perform major repairs to a propeller?

Back 533

An FAA approved propeller repair station thats authorized for the specific propeller

Front 534

Who, or what facility, is authorized to perform major repairs to a propeller?

Back 534

An FAA approved propeller repair station thats authorized for the specific propeller

Front 535

What checks and maintenance is a mechanic with the powerplant rating allowed to make on a propeller?

Back 535

Check the track of the propeller blades

Remove small nicks and scratches from the blades

Check the dynamic balance of a propeller

Lubricate the propeller

Front 536

What adjustment can a mechanic with a powerplant rating make to a propeller governor?

Back 536

adjust the maximum RPM stop

Front 537

Why do some aircraft engines have a critical range of operation?

Back 537

The engine and propeller combination have a resonant frequency problem and which excessive vibration can occur in a certain range of RPM. This critical range is marked in red on the tachometer.

Front 538

Why is a propeller indexed to the engine crankshaft?

Back 538

The relationship between the propeller and the engine crankshaft is chosen to produce the minimum vibration

Front 539

What instrument is used to measure the blade angle of a propeller?

Back 539

A universal propeller protractor

Front 540

What instrument is used to measure the blade angle of a propeller?

Back 540

A universal propeller protractor

Front 541

Where is the propeller protractor placed to measure the propeller blade angle?

Back 541

A distance from the center of the propeller hub. This distance is specified in the propeller maintenance manual in terms of propeller blade stations

Front 542

What instrument is used to measure the blade angle of a propeller?

Back 542

A universal propeller protractor

Front 543

Where is the propeller protractor placed to measure the propeller blade angle?

Back 543

A distance from the center of the propeller hub. This distance is specified in the propeller maintenance manual in terms of propeller blade stations

Front 544

What is the extent of the repairs mechanic with a power plant rating can make to a propeller?

Back 544

Only minor repairs and minor alterations

Front 545

Where can examples of acceptable repairs to aluminum alloy propeller blades be found?

Back 545

In AC 43 13–1, chapter 8, section 4

Front 546

Is it permissible to cold straighten a damaged aluminum alloy propeller blade to facilitate shipping it to repair station?

Back 546

No, this could cause hidden damage that may render the blade non-repairable

Front 547

What would be the classification of maintenance for shortening a propeller blade?

Back 547

A major repair

Front 548

May transverse cracks in a metal propeller blade be repaired?

Back 548

No, a transverse crack of any size is reason for rejecting the blade

Front 549

What damage to an aluminum alloy propeller blade can be repaired by mechanic holding a power plant rating?

Back 549

Small roughness

Nicks

Scratches in the leading edge of the blades

Front 550

How are small nicks removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade?

Back 550

File them out with a fine file or stone, leaving a smooth contour

Front 551

How are small nicks removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade?

Back 551

File them out with a fine file or stone, leaving a smooth contour

Front 552

Who is allowed to reduce the diameter of a type certificate a propeller?

Back 552

And FAA certificated propeller repair station with approval for the particular propeller

Front 553

How are small nicks removed from the leading edge of a propeller blade?

Back 553

File them out with a fine file or stone, leaving a smooth contour

Front 554

Who is allowed to reduce the diameter of a type certificate a propeller?

Back 554

And FAA certificated propeller repair station with approval for the particular propeller

Front 555

How can you determine that a surface scratch on an aluminum alloy propeller blade is not actually a crack?

Back 555

Perform a dye-penetrant check

Front 556

Where are most APU's located in modern jet transport aircraft?

Back 556

In the tailcone of the fuselage

Front 557

What is the function of an APU?

Back 557

To provide electric power and compressed air when the main engines are not operating

Front 558

What are two sources of compressed air from an APU?

Back 558

Bleed air from the APU turbine compressor

From a load compressor driven by a free turbine in the engine

Front 559

Where in maintenance information based on the ATA 100 system what do you find instructions for inspecting in servicing the engine of an airborne APU?

Back 559

Section 49-20

Front 560

What ensures that an APU will not be shut down while it is too hot?

Back 560

The APU fuel control incorporates an automatic time delay feature that closes the bleed air valve to remove most of the load and reduce the APU temperature before it is shut down

Front 561

What ensures that an APU will not be shut down while it is too hot?

Back 561

The APU fuel control incorporates an automatic time delay feature that closes the bleed air valve to remove most of the load and reduce the APU temperature before it is shut down

Front 562

How is most of the troubleshooting done for the modern APU?

Back 562

FADEC generated fault codes

Front 563

What prevents the APU exceeding it safe operating limits when the bleeder valve is wide open?

Back 563

The FADEC monitors the load and regulates the fuel going to the APU to prevent it from exceeding it safe limits

Front 564

What prevents the APU exceeding it safe operating limits when the bleeder valve is wide open?

Back 564

The FADEC monitors the load and regulates the fuel going to the APU to prevent it from exceeding it safe limits

Front 565

What document would you use to find the safety procedures to follow when replacing an igniter plug in an APU engine?

Back 565

The maintenance manual for the APU