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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Kingdom including multicellular heterotrophs usually characterized by their ability to move is _______________. |
Anamalia/Animal Kingdom |
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Phylum of animals meaning "pore bearing" |
Porifera |
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Poriferan refers to some type of ______________. |
sponge |
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Sponges are the _______________of all organisms in the animal kingdom. |
Simplest |
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What level of organization do sponges exist? |
Class |
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Sponges sometimes referred to as a ________ of cells because of their lack of tissue. |
Colony |
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Sponges lack a backbone so they are called.. |
Invertebrates |
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All sponges are __________ because they live in water. |
Aquatic |
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Concentration of salt in water is called _______________. |
Salinity |
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Most sponges considered ____________b/c they live in water with salinity 3.5% or above. |
Marine |
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Some sponges are considered ____________b/c they live in water with salinity less than 3.5% |
Freshwater |
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Study of body form |
Morphology |
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Some sponges have tubular body structure with many planes that create identical parts. This is _________________ symmetry |
Radial |
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No symmetry = ___________ |
Asymmetry |
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Sponges have many small openings on their bodies called ______________ (simple term) |
Pores |
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Small incurrent pore on sponge that draw water in |
Ostium |
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Large excurrent pore that send water out of a sponge |
Osculum |
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Large central opening inside most sponges |
Spongocoel |
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Sponges have how many cell layers? |
2 |
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Inside skin layer |
Endoderm |
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Outside skin layer |
Ectoderm |
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The ectoderm is used to _____________ the sponge |
Protect |
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Middle non-cellular layer of sponge |
Mesenchyme |
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In the mesenchyme, spiked structures that form a skeletal framework to support the sponge are called ______________. |
Spicules |
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Collar cells = __________________ |
Choanocyte |
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Choanocytes have a whip-like tail that creates a water current through pores called ______________. |
Flagella |
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Microscopic animals and plants that get stuck in the sticky collar cell's that choanocytes use for food are ________________. |
Plankton |
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Sponges are classified as ____________ _____________ because of how they obtain their food. |
Filter feeders |
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In the mesenchyme, cells called ______________ digest and move around materials. |
Amoebocytes |
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Sponges are classified by the material that makes up their ________________? |
Spicules |
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Calcareous (chalk) sponge's spicules are made of what? |
Calcium |
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Silica (glass) sponge's spicules are made of what? |
Silicon/ Silicon Dioxide |
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Elastic sponges have spicules made of _______ and elastic ___________ fibers. |
Collagen and Silicon |
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Adult sponges do not move, and are therefore ____________. |
Sessile |
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At what stage in a sponges life are they motile? |
Larva |
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Sponges exchange gases with their watery environment through the process of simple ________________. |
Diffusion |
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Reproduction that involves the production of two haploid cells that then unite to form offspring is called ________________ reproduction |
Sexual |
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Most sponges produce both sperm and egg, which makes them _______________. |
Monoecious |
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Sperm swims through the water and unites with an egg. This is a process called ________________. |
Fertilization |
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Sperm cells fertilize the egg INSIDE the sponge's body. This is called __________ fertilization |
Internal |
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Reproduction that involves the production of diploid cells by one parent is called _____________ reproduction. |
Asexual |
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sponges can reproduce asexually by growing new sponges off of their sides. This is called _____________. |
Budding |
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Sponges can reform lost/damaged body parts by _________________. |
Regeneration. |
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Pieces of detached sponge can grow and form a whole new sponge. This is called ____________ |
Fragmenting |
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Sponges make groups of cells enclosed in an outer protective layer that can remain dormant until conditions are ideal for living. These cell packets are called _______________. |
Gemmules |