Political Science Chapter 3 Quiz Crafton Hills College 2016

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1. The word “federalism” appears _____ in the U.S. Constitution.

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a. nowhere

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2. The concept of federalism

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d. was an invention of the American founders.

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3. All of the following are characteristics of federalism EXCEPT

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e. the people are ruled by a singlegovernment authority.

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4. The term _____ is sometimes used to refer to the central government of the United States.

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c. federal government

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5. In a unitary system,

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a. local or subdivisional governments exercise only those powers given to them by the centralgovernment.

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6. In a confederal system,

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c. sovereign states are joined together by a central government that has only limited powers overthem.

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7. One advantage of federalism in the United States is that state governments can

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c. act as “laboratories” for public-policy experimentation.

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8. There are about _____ counties in the United States today.

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e. 3,000

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9. There are about _____ municipalities in the United States today.

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b. 19,000

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10. There are about _____ school districts in the United States today.

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d. 13,000

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11. There are about _____ townships in the United States today.

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c. 16,000

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12. A federal system of government

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d. provides a multitude of arenas for decision making, which keeps government closer to thepeople.

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13. All of the following are major differences between federalism in Canada and federalism inthe United States EXCEPT

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e. the United States. has adopted English as its national language, but Canada has adopted nonational language.

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14. Based on their observations of the U.S. Civil War, Canada’s government framers

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c. gave the Canadian federal government more power over provinces than the U.S. centralgovernment has over states.

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15. Segregationist policies in the southern states can be attributed to

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e. federalism’s encouragement of local self rule, allowing the dominance of a single group.

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16. The constitutional basis for the _____ powers of the national government is found inArticle I, Section 8, Clause 18, often called the necessary and proper clause.

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c. implied

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17. All of the following are examples of inherent powers of the national government, except

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c. the power to create anational school system.

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18. The government’s acquisition of _____ is an example the inherent powers of government,and was needed to gain the support of states such as Maryland during ratification of theConstitution.

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b. the Northwest Territory

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19. The Constitution expressly prohibits the national government from

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a. imposing taxes on exports.

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20. Most of the powers prohibited to the national government are listed in _____ of the U.S.Constitution.

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b. Article I, Section 9 and the first eight amendments

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21. Powers that are not delegated to the national government by the Constitution, norprohibited to the states, are

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c. reserved to the states, or tothe people.

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22. _____ of the Constitution is sometimes used to justify arguments supporting increasedstates rights.

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c. The Tenth Amendment

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23. The powers of a state to enact whatever laws are necessary to protect the health, morals,safety, and welfare of its people are called _____ powers.

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d. police

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24. The Constitution’s full faith and credit clause

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c. requires each state to honor every other state’s public acts, records, and judicial proceedings.

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25. The Defense of Marriage Act provided a challenge to the Constitution’s _____ clause.

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d. full faith and credit

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26. Agreements among two or more states to regulate the use or protection of certain resources,such as water or oil and gas, are known as

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b. interstate compacts

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27. In a federal system, powers which are held by both the federal and state governments arecalled _____ powers.

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d. concurrent

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28. All of the following are concurrent powers EXCEPT the power to

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d. establish local government.

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29. The supremacy clause in Article VI, Clause 2, of the Constitution

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d. makes the Constitution and federal laws superior to all conflicting state and local laws.

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30. The Defense of Marriage Act (1996)

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a. allowed state governments to ignore same-sex marriages performed in other states and barredthe national government from recognizing same-sex marriages.

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31. The Constitution denies states the power to

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e. enter into treaties.

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32. The most extreme example of the conflict between national supremacy and statesovereignty was/is

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a. the Civil War.

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33. In _____, the Supreme Court established the doctrines of implied powers and nationalsupremacy.

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b. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

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34. At issue in _____ was how the commerce clause should be defined and whether thenational government had exclusive power to regulate commerce in more than one states.

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a. Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

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35. Because people in different sections of the country had radically different beliefs aboutslavery, the slavery issue took the form of a dispute over

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b. states’ rights versus national supremacy.

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36. The claim that the states should have ultimate authority to determine the welfare of citizensand even abrogate national laws when there is a conflict is known as

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e. states rights.

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37. The model of _____ federalism assumes that the states and the national government aremore or less equals, with each level of government having separate and distinct functions andresponsibilities.

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c. dual

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38. The era of _____ federalism came to an end in the 1930s.

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e. dual

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39. Cooperative federalism grew out of the need to solve the pressing national problems causedby

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e. the GreatDepression.

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40. Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal legislation ushered in an era of _____ federalism and alsomarked the real beginning of an era of national supremacy.

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b. cooperative

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41. The model in which every level of government is involved in implementing a policy isreferred to as _____ federalism.

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a. picket-fence

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42. Picket-fence federalism is a model of federalism in which

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c. specific policies and programs are administered by all levels of government—national, state,and local.

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43. Preemption is a doctrine rooted in the _____ clause of the Constitution.

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c. supremacy

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44. When Congress chooses to act exclusively in an area in which the states and the nationalgovernment have concurrent powers, Congress is said to have _____ the area.

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e. preempted

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45. _____ federalism involved a shift from nation-centered federalism to state-centeredfederalism.

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a. New

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46. Under the model of new federalism,

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d. the federal government’s role in regulating state governments is limited and the states aregiven increased power to decide how they should spend government revenues.

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47. _____ is a term describing the “new federalism” process of returning to the states certainpowers that had been exercised by the national government since the 1930s.

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e. Devolution

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48. Which of the following pieces of legislation is an example of new federalism, or thedevolution of power back to the states?

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a. The Welfare Reform Act (1996)

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49. A requirement in federal legislation that forces states and municipalities to comply withcertain rules is called a(n) _____.

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b. federal mandate

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50. Every state's constitution includes the requirement to balance its budget, EXCEPT the stateof _____.

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a. Vermont

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51. _____ federalism can best be defined as the allocation of taxes collected by one level ofgovernment to another level.

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c. Competitive

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52. A _____ is an allocation of federal funds targeted at state and local spending for a specificpurpose defined by federal law.

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b. categorical grant

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53. A _____ is an allocation of funds by the federal government to states which allow the statessome discretion in implementing broad areas of federal policy, such as welfare, criminal justice,or mental health.

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e. block grant

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54. Currently, about _____ of state and local revenue comes from the federal government.

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e. one-fifth

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55. Grants of funds to the states from the national government are one way that the _____ ofthe U.S. Constitution can be bridged by the federal government to control and influence thestates.

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b. Tenth Amendment

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56. When state or local governments offer lower taxes or more services in order to attractbusinesses and citizens, they are engaging in _____ federalism.

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e. competitive

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57. For a system to be truly federal, powers of both the national units and subnational unitsmust be

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d. specific and limited.

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58. Local governments, i.e. cities and counties, are "creatures of state government." This means

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b. the states both give powers to and take powers from local governments.

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59. The principle of _____, an important part of the checks and balances in the Americansystem of government, was clearly articulated by Chief Justice John Marshall (1801-1835)

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b. judicial review

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60. In fiscal year 2014, the transfer of funds to the states for Medicaid, a healthcare programfor the poor, totaled

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d. $309 Billion