Political Reform And Progressive Era

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Progressive Era

Back 1

Turn of the century reform movement dedicated to political and social change through government action

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Reform

Back 2

To change for the better

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Spoils System

Back 3

Act of replacing government officials with supporters of a newly elected President

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Pendelton Civil Service Act

Back 4

Created Civil Service Commission to create tests so government jobs would be based on merit (those who earned them)

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Monopoly

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Company that controls all or nearly all business in a particular industry

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Sherman Anti-Trust Act

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Prohibited businesses from trying to destroy competition

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Muckracker

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Writers during the Progressive Era who exposed conditions needing reform.

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Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, Jacob Riis

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They were all Muckrackers

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Primary

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Voters select the candidate for the general election -Effort to have citizens participate more in government

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Initiative

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Process that allows voters to put a bill before a state legislature

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Referendum

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Process by which citizens vote directly on a bill

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Recall

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Process to remove an elected official from office

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16th Amendment

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Income tax (1913)

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17th Amendment

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Direct election of Senators by voters--expands democracy (1912)

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18th Amendment

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Prohibition--outlawed the sale of alcohol from 1917-1932

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19th Amendment

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Granted women right to vote (1920)

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Suffragist

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Individual who fought for women's right to vote

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Meat Inspection Act

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Result of the Jungle, gives more power to meat inspectors to insure that clean meat is being packaged

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"The Jungle"

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Novel written by Upton Sinclair exposing the unsafe practices of the meat-packing industry in Chicago

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Pure Food and Drug Act

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Result of the Jungle, forces food and drug products to have labels listing dietary content

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Prohibition

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Total ban on the sale and consumption of alcohol

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Civil Service Commission

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Name given to government jobs, except the military and elected office

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Graduated Income Tax

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Tax on earning that charges different rates for different income levels

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William "Boss" Tweed

Back 24

NYC political boss-cheated NY out of almost $200 million during 1860-70's-Imprisoned for his crimes-Controlled jobs, newspapers, courts, fixed elections

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Corruption

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Dishonesty