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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the main cells which produce IL-4?
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TH2
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what is the function of IL-4 (3)
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1. proliferation of B cells, thymocytes, and mast cells
2. activation and differentiation of B cells 3. help B cells switch to IgE production |
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what is the main cell in the production of IL-2?
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CD4 T-cells
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what is the function of IL-2?
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causes proliferation of T-cells
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what is the main cell in the production of IL-5?
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TH2
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what is the function of IL-5? (2)
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1. B cell proliferation
2. Helps B cells switch to IgE production |
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what cells are active in the production of INF-gamma? (3)
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1. TH1
2. CD8 3. NK cells |
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what are the direct actions of IFN-gamma? (2)
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inhibits IL-4...
1. which stops B-cell proliferation, activation, and differentation 2. stops isotype switching to IgE |
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what are the two indirect actions of IFN-gamma?
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1. stimulates macrophages to produce IL-12
2. stimulates TH1 cells to produce IL-2, IFN-gamma, and TNF-beta |
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what inflammatory cytokines do activated macrophages produce? (3)
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Il-1, IL-6, TNF
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what antiviral cytokine do macrophages produce?
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IFN-alpha
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what cytokine do macrophages produce which activates NK cells and TH1 cell to promote TH2 cell differentiation?
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IL-12
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what is the cytokine produced by TH1 cells which activates macrophages?
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IFN-gamma
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what two cell types produce cytokines which stimulate hematopoiesis?
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1. TH1
2. macrophages |
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what are the cytokines that cause hematopoiesis?
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M-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-3, IL-5
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describe the cascade that allows TH1 cells to induce cytokine production by TH cells?
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1. TH1 produces IFN-gamma
2. stimulates macrophages to produce IL-12 3. IL-12 activates TH cells tp produce IFN-gamma, TNF, IL-2, etc... |
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what cells produce IL-12?
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macrophages and dendritic cells
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what cells produce IL-6?
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macrophages and endothelial cells
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what is the function of IL-6?
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induces compliment activation and starts B-cell proliferation and differentiation
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what cells produce IFN-alpha?
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macrophages
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what is the function of IFN-alpha? (3)
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1. antiviral
2. increased MHC class I expression 3. activates NK cells |
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what produces INF-beta?
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fibroblasts
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what is the function of INF-beta?
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same as INF-alpha
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what inhibits B and T cells differentiation and proliferation, but stimulates isotype switching to IgA?
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TGF-beta
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class I receptors bind which kind of cytokines?
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hematopoietin cytokines
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class I receptors bind which kind of cytokines?
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interferon cytokines
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most of IL-2 through IL-15 bind to which class receptor?
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class I hematopoietin receptors
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most of IL-19 through IL-29 bind to which receptor class?
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class I interferon receptors
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what is the biological pathway through which most Class I and II cytokine receptors effect gene transcription?
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JAK/STATE pathway
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what are the 3 cells which produce IL-3?
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macrophages and both types of CD4 T cells
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what is the function of IL-3?
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stem cell and myeloid progenitor growth promoter
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what are the pro-inflammatory cytokines?
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IL-1, IL-6, TNF-alpha
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what are the cytokines produced by TH1 cells? (3)
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1. IL-2
2. IFN-gamma 3. TNF-alpha and beta |
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what are the cytokines produced by TH2 cells?(6)
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1. IL-4
2. IL-5 3. IL-6 4. IL-10 5. IL-13 6. TGF-beta |
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what other cells can produce type II cytokines?
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activated CD8 T cells
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what two cells differentiation is activated by TGF-beta?
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1. T-reg cells
2. Th17 cells |
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what cytokines activate differentiation of Th1 cells? (2)
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1. IL-12
2. IFN-gamma |
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what cytokines activate differentiation in Th2 cells? (1)
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1. IL-4
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what are the 3 kinds of signals delivered by APCs?
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1. Antigen/MHC II causes activation
2. B7 activates T cell CD21 which causes survival 3. Cytokines IL-6, IL-12, and TGF-beta cause differentiation |
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what cell produces inhibitory cytokines for TH1 and TH2 cells?
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T-reg cells
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what is the cytokine produced by T-reg cells that inhibits TH1 and TH2 cells?
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TGF-beta
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what inhibitory cytokine do activated TH1 cells secrete?
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IFN-gamma
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what two cells does IFN-gamma inhibit?
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1. TH2 cells
2. Th17 cells |
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what regulatory cytokines do TH2 cells secrete when they are activated?
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TGF-beta and IL-10
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what two cells are inhibited by regulatory cells from TH2 cells?
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1. TH1 cells
2. Th17 cells (inhibited by IL-4 which is secreted by TH2 cells) |