Plumbing

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Thermoplastic materials are commonly used for plumbing pipes and fitting.

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PLASTIC PIPES

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First developed plastic pipe

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PVC (polyvinyl chloride)

uPVC (polyvinyl chloride)

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Formulated to withstand higher temperature than PVC, uPVC,ABS

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CPVC(chlorinated polyvinyl chloride)

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ABS

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ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENTE STYRENE

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High chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, flexible

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PE (polyethylene)

HDPE (high density polyethylene)

PEX (cross linked polyethylene)

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PB

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Polybutylene

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Also known as Ductile iron

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ACID RESISTANT CAST IRON PIPE

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Extremely corrosive resistant

Smooth interior surface

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COPPER

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Copper classifications

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K= heaviest, for underground installations

L= lighter for residential water supply line

and radiant heating installations

M= thinnest, for small water supply lines

and radiant heating installations

ACR= airconditioning

G= gas application

MG= medical gas

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Rough interior surface

Black oxide scale forms on its surface after production then coated w/ oil tar

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STEEL PIPE

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STEEL PIPES

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+black iron/ black pipe

+coated/ lined steel pipe

+galvanized wrought iron pipe (GI)

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Smoother interior surface than steel pipes

Most expensive

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BRASS PIPE

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Oldest pipe used for plumbing system

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LEAD PIPE

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Oldest of asbestos fibers and portland cement

Mortar jointed/ rubber gasket

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ASBESTOS PIPES

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Oldest materials used for sewer lines

Made in short lengths of 750mm

Mortar joint

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VITRIFIED CLAY PIPE

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Cheapest of all types of pipes

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BITUMINOUS FIBER SEWER

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Lead and oakum connection

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CAULKING

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A coupling used to connect sections of hubless cast iron

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HUBLESS JOINT

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A joint usually for copper tubing but is sometime used for plastic tubing

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FLARED JOINT

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One pipe slips within another, common dor fixture traps and drains

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SLIP JOINT

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Inserting rubber gaskets into sleeves, for straight pipe connections

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RUBBER RING JOINT

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A joint bet. threaded pipe or bet. a threaded pipe and threaded fitting, such BI,GI,uPVC

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THREADED JOINT

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Angular fitting used to change the direction of a supply pipe. Also known as E11

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ELBOW

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A type of elbow that has female fitting on one side a male fitting on the other end

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STREET ELBOW

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Has a straight through portion and a 90 degree takeoff on one side. Three opening are same size

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STRAIGHT TEE

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Has two ends tha same and one end smaller

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REDUCING TEE

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Designed w/ a slight curve in the 90 degree transition so as to channel flow from a branch line toward the direction of the main flow

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SANITARY TEE

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A bell end tee which has a branch that is tapped to receive a threaded pipe fitting or threaded pipe

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TAPPED TEE

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Used to join straight runs of pipe

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COUPLING

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A coupling used to connect a smaller pipe to larger one, vice versa

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REDUCER/INCREASE

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Pipe adapter is a fitting that is used to connect pipes of different materials or pipes that require different joining methods

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ADAPTERS

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A fitting which is threaded on both the inside and outside.

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BUSHING

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A replacement to reduce an opening of a ditting or pipe without the use of a conventional reducer

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BUSHING REDUCER

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Used to connect the ends of two pipes, neither of which can be turned

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UNION PATENTE

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Connects four pipes together

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CROSS

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An economical, practical and reliable alternative to welded and screwed systems

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FLANGE UNION

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A threaded pipe fitting with male threads use to close the end of a ferrule or a pipe having female threads

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PLUG

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A fitting with a female (inside) thread.

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CAP

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A short piece of pipe (not a fitting)

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NIPPLE

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An offset means a combination of pipes and/ or fittings that brings one section of the pipe out of line but into a line, parallel with the other section

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OFFSET BEND

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A pipe fitting or a preformed piece of tubing which provides a 180 degree change in direction

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RETURN BEND

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A threaded stem raises and lowers a wedge shaped disk, which fits against a smooth machined surface within the valve body

Also known as full way valve

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GATE VALVES

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Used to control flow by means of a circular disk that is compressed against a valve seat surrounding the opening through which water flow

Also known as compression valve

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Globe valve

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A globe valve in which the inlet and outlet are at 90 degrees to each other

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ANGLE VALVE

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A valve in which the flow is controlled by a ball that fits tightly against a resilient seat in the valve body

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Ball valve