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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
1. A plant contains a ____ and a ____ system
2. The _____ system consists of ____ and ____ while the ____ system consists of ____ |
1. root, shoot
2. shoot, stems, leaves, root, roots |
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What are the characteristics of the shoot system?
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-absorbs light and CO2
-photosynthetic -reproductive shoots bear flowers (modified leaves) for sexual reproduction (in angiosperms) |
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What are the characteristics of the root system?
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-absorbs water and minerals from the soil (root hairs)
-non-photosynthetic -anchors vascular plant in soil -storage organ (tap root) |
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1. _____ and ______ flow in the xylem while ____ flow in the phloem
The contents of the phloem flow _____ while the contents of the xylem flow ______ |
1. Water, minerals, sugars (food)
2. bidirectionally, unidirectionally |
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Name and explain 4 evolutionary adaptations of roots
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1. Prop roots & buttress roots = provide structural support, holding trees up in shallow and unstable grounds
2. storage roots = store food and water (e.g. radish and carrots) 3. Pneumataphores = project above the surface in swamps to obtain O2 4. Aerial roots = sent out by strangler fig seedlings growing in tree tops |
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Name and explain 4 adaptations of shoots or stems
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Rhizomes - horizontal shoots which grow underground
Bulbs - vertical underground shoots consisting of large leaf bases which stores food Stolons - horizontal shoots growing along the aurface giving rise to new plants (asexual reproduction) Tubers - enlarged ends of rhizomes or stolons ("eyes" are axilliary buds marking nodes on shoots) Stolons - horizontal shoots growing along the surface giving rise to new plants (asexual reproductions) |
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All tissue systems in plants have ____, _____, and _____ tissue
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dermal, ground, vascular
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What is dermal tissue?
In ____ _____ plants, the epidermis can have a _____ _____ on leaves and stems to reduce _____ _____ |
Plants outer protective covering
non woody, waxy cuticle, water loss |
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What are the two types of vascular tissue?
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Xylem and Phloem
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What is ground tissue?
Ground tissue that is _____ to vascular tissue is called _____ Ground tissue that is _____ to vascular tissue is called _____ and specialized for _____ |
Any other tissue that is not dermal or vascular, specialized in storage
2. internal, pith 3. external, cortex |
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What are parenchyma cells?
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-Thin flexible primary cell walls
-lack secondary cell walls -large central vacuoles -perform most of metabolic activity of the cell -fleshy part of most fruits |
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What are collenchyma cells
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-support for young parts of plants
-have thicker primary cell walls -strings of celery |
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Scelerenchyma cells
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-thick secondary cell walls with lots of lignin
-dead at maturity -form wood, hard shells of nuts |