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112 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gilbertella persicaria spore |
asexual |
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Botrytis |
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Bacterial streaming test |
leaf spot, wilt, canker symptom |
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Gram Negative |
pink cell with thick cell wall |
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Gram Positive - Clavibacter |
purple cell with thin cell wall |
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Gram Negative KOH Procedure |
see mucoid thread |
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Lopat |
Levan production, oxidase test, potato rot test, arginine dihydrolase test and tobacco hypersensitivity test (Pseudomonas) |
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Bacterial Canker of Tomato info |
test: gram positive, immunostrip (positive=2 stripe), stem stab innoculation Overwinter: SEED BORNE PATHOGEN, soil debris Management: certified seed, sanitation, crop rotoation |
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bacterial canker of tomato symptoms |
wilting, necrosis, stem canker, birds-eye spot on tomato plants, cracks in stem |
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bacterial canker of tomato pathogen |
Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis
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Fire Blight symptoms |
watersoaking, flower blight, shaper's crook, trunk canker on pear and apple trees |
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fire blight pathogen |
Erwinia Amylovora |
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fire blight info |
test: anaerobic growth overwinter: canker oozing spread: water, insect weapon: enzyme, toxin, polysaccharide (xylem) mangement: prune, resistant variety, modify irrigation, protective spray early with copper and antibiotics |
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black rot of crucifer symptoms |
veins turn black on cabbage, v-shaped lesions with yellow borders |
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black rot of crucifers pathogen |
xanthamonas campestris pv campestris |
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black rot of crucifers info |
test: MXP medium overwinter: seed, debris spread: stomate, wound, water (xylem) management: certify seeds, crop rotation, copper bactericides |
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halo blight common bean symptom |
watersoak spots, chlorosis, necrotic on leaves, pods, and stems on bean |
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halo blight common bean info |
test: Kings B medium overwinter: seed, infected plant residue spread: stomate, wounds weapon: toxin management: certify seeds, rotation, resistant variety |
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halo blight common bean pathogen |
pseudomonas syringae pv phaseolicoloa |
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bacterial speck of tomato symptoms |
greasy black spot with yellow halos on tomato plants, black speck on tomato |
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bacterial speck of tomato pathogen |
pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato |
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bacterial speck of tomato info |
test: kings b medium overwinter: seed weapon: toxin management: certified seed, resistant variety |
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crown gall pathogen |
agrobacterium tumefaciens |
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crown gall symptoms |
tumor on wide host range |
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crown gall info |
test: overwinter: soil spread: wound weapon: hormone management: biological control with A. radiobacter galltrol, gallex, minimize wounding |
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olve and oleander knot symptom |
tumorson leaf scars |
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olive and oleander knot pathogen |
pseudomonas savastanoi pv savastanoi and nerii |
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olive and oleander knot info |
overwinter: gall (non-autonomous) spread: irrigation, tools management: prune, certified plants, remove galls, |
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bacterial soft rot pathogen |
pectobacterium carotovorum |
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bacterial soft rot info |
test: facultative anaerobe; glucose metabolism overwinter: soil, host tissue, warehouse, insect weapon: enzyme management: sanitation, insect control, proper storage |
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bacterial soft rot symptom |
initial: wilting and watersoak rot of tuber |
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black leg symptom |
pectobacterium |
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sporodochium |
ex: monilinia laxa |
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brown rot symptoms |
blossom and twig blight on stone fruit; cankers; fruit rot; mummification; gum on stem |
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brown rot pathogen |
monilinia laxa monilinia fructicola |
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brown rot info: blossom and twig blight |
monilinia laxa overwinter: canker, mummies primary innoculum: conididia fruiting body: apothecia manage: chemical spray, remove innoculum sources: mummies and infected twigs |
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brown rot info: mature fruit rot |
monilinia fructicola overwinter: mummy primary innoculum: ascospore or condo from mummy or ground fruiting body: apothecia (cup) manage: control postharvest rot |
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peach leaf curl pathogen |
taphrina deformans |
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peach leaf symptoms |
leaves thick, curled with yellow/red tint. hypertrophy and hyperplasty stunted roots |
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peach leaf curl info |
overwinter: conidia on bud/twig primary innoculum: conidia fruiting body: nake asci manage: fungicide |
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apple scab pathogen |
venturia inaequalis |
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apple scab symptom |
lesions on fruit and leaves, scabby texture on apples |
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apple scab info |
overwinter: host debris on ground primary innoculum: ascospore from ground, condo from leaf fruiting body: pseudothecium (flask) manage: fungicide |
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powdery mildew general |
primary innoculum: ascospore fruiting body: chasmothecium obligate biotrophs: haustoria |
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conidia and conidiophore pic |
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chasmothecium |
powdery mildew black spot on leaf |
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powdery mildew of cereal and grasses: barley symptoms |
white/tan mildew colonies, chlorosis |
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powdery mildew cereal and grasses: barley pathogen
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blumeria graminis fsp hordei
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powder mildew of cereal and grasses info |
fruiting body/overwinter: chasmothecium and mycelium on crop debris and volunteers
primary innoculum: ascospore mange: lower humidity, sulfer, fungicide, resistant cultivar |
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powdery mildew of grapes pathogen**** |
erysiphe necator (god of war; wine nectar)
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haustoria |
powdery mildew |
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powdery mildew grapes symptoms |
white mycelium on grape leaves and fruit |
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powdery mildew grape symptom |
cane staining |
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powdery mildew grape info |
primary innoculum: bud perennation (penetrate under bud scales) and ascospores (bark)
fruiting body: chasmothecium manage: sulfer dust, fungicide |
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powdery mildew rose pathogen
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sphaerotheca pannosa fsp rosae
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powder mildew rose symptom
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raided blisters, powdery fungus on rose |
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powdery mildew rose info
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overwinter:chasmothecium, mycelium
primary innoculum , conidia or ascospore manage: fungicide, host resistance, sanitation |
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Ascomycota - Ergot of grain |
pathogen: claviceps purpurea
overwinter: sclerotia fruiting body: perithecia |
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ascomycota fruiting bodies*** |
naked asci - peach leaf curl
chasmothecium - powdery mildew perithecium - apple scab apothecium - brown rot |
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asexual fungi conidiophore structure |
sporodochia - fusarium
synnema- dutch elm disease pyncnidia- septoria acervulus - anthracnose |
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alternaria info
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asexual - free conidiospore
symptom: spots, blight, lesions overwinter: residue or seed manage: pathogen free seed, sanitation |
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botrytis info
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asexual - conidia
pathogen: botrytis cinerea symptom:dampening off, canker spot, rot, blight overwinter: sclerotia on debris or host plant manage: sanitation, fungicide |
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septoria info
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asexual - pyncnidia (no ascii)
pathogen: late blight of celery septoria apiicola** symptom: spots blight manage: fungicide, sanitation moist chamber - curly needle spore |
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anthracnose info
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asexual - ACERVULI
symptom: spots, lesions, spots control: sanitation fungicide sycamore anthracnose black spot rose (conidia 2 cell) |
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acervulus |
anthracnose |
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pyncidia |
septoria |
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sycamore anthracnose |
witches broom |
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leaf spot of pear |
entomosporium |
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fusarium wilts pathogen |
fusarium oxysporum fsp |
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fusarium wilts info |
asexual fungi; hot temp test: trim stem, infect xylem soil borne symptoms: yellow middle season, wilt, necrosis overwinter: chlamydospore, HIGHLY HOST SPECIFIC manage: resistant variety*, clean seed, fumigate |
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fusarium wilt tomato symptom |
bright yellow fusarium oxysporum fsp lycopersici |
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verticillium wilt pathogen |
verticillium dahliae |
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verticillium wilt info |
asexual; cooler temp; no host specificity overwinter: microsclerotia symptom: vascular browning - attack xylem, scorched leaf need to shave stem to see browning! |
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dutch elm disease pathogen |
ophiostoma ulmi (sexual) graphium ulmi (asexual)* |
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dutch elm disease info |
fruiting body: synnema overwinter: mycelium and conidia innoculum: spores from beetles manage: burn infect trees, insecticide to kill beetles, prune |
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synnema |
dutch elm disease, white circles dissecting microscope |
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anaerobic growth |
erwinia and pectobacterium |
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pseudomonas vs xanthomonas |
523 pseud = white 523 xanth = yellow |
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macrospore, chlamydospore |
fusarium, microspore is small single cell |
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iris leaf spot |
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phoma spore |
formed from pyncidia |
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septoria spore |
needle spore from pyncidia
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black spot rose spore |
2 cell spore |
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verticillate whorl |
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smut spores |
teliospore N+N/2N basidiospore (N) 4 from each telia |
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flower infecting smut (complete head shrivel) |
loose smut of barley - ustilago nuda overwintering: mycellium in seed; telia inside seed direct germination: no basidiospores (flowers direct) primary inoculum: seed manage: clean seed, fungicide, hot water |
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local infecting smut |
corn smut- ustilago maydis overwinter: telia in the soil manage: sanitation and crop rotation |
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seedling smut |
bunt wheat- tilletia foetida overwinter: telia outside of seed H-shaped primary basidiospore manage: clean seed, fungicide, hot water |
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teliospore |
nurse cell (telia with bubbles) (onion) reticulate (covered smut) spiny (corn) |
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smut general info |
host specific
heterothallic, dikaryotic symptom: gall and reduced yield manage: resistance, seed treatment |
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stem rust of wheat |
primary host: wheat - spore types alternate host: barberry - spore heteroecious; macrocyclic overwinter; teliospore control: remove alternate host, resistance, fungicide |
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spore types on barberry (stem rust) |
spermatia
aeciospore |
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spore types on wheat (stem rust) |
uredospore
teliopore basidiospore |
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white pine blister rust |
primary host: ribes plants alternate host: pine overwinter- telial horns control: pruning, quarantine, resistant variety |
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late blight of celery |
septoria apiicola |
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conodia fruiting bodies |
conidiophores sprodochium (fusarium) synnema (graphium) (sin graph) acervuli (anthracnose) (both start with A) pyncnidia (septoria) (both has p) |
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corn smut pathogen |
ustilago maydis |
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loose smut of barley pathogen |
ustilago nuda (haley berry flabbynude flower dress) |
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covered smut/bunt of wheat pathogen |
tilletia foetida (T in bunt and T in pathogen) |
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Dwarf bunt: pathogen |
Tilletia contraversa |
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karnal bunt pathogen |
tilletia indica (floral infecting) |
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stem rust of cereal pathogen |
puccinia graminis fps |
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white pine blister rust |
cronartium ribicola |
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uredia/uredospores |
uredospores are orange |
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rose rust pathogen |
phragmidium mucronatum |
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aecium and spergonium |
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teliospore in rust |
2 cell |
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teliospore in rust |
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macrocyclic |
all 5 spore stages 0 - spermagonia; spermatia N 1 - aecia; aeciospore N+N 2 - uredia; uredospore N+N 3 - telia; teliospore N+N 4 - basidia; basidiospore N |
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microcyclic (hollyhock) |
stage 0, 3, 4 0-spermatia 3-teliospore 4-basidiospre |
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aecia and aeciospore |
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autoecious vs heteroecious |
same host vs diff host |
