Plant Growth And Development

Front 1

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen

Back 1

major constituent of organic plant materials, assimilation of oxidation reduction reactions

Front 2

calcium

Back 2

structural components of cell wall and cell membrane

Front 3

chlorine

Back 3

water-splitting system for photosynthesis, stomatal opening regulations

Front 4

copper

Back 4

co-factor for metalloproteins and enzyme, photosynthetic electron transport, cell wall metabolism and hormones signaling

Front 5

iron

Back 5

regulatory components of proteins and metabolites in roots and leaves

Front 6

magnesium

Back 6

chlorophyll synthesis, cofactor in activation of ATPs

Front 7

molybdenum

Back 7

enzyme activation, chlorophyll synthesis

Front 8

nickel

Back 8

endosperm development and dehydrogenase activity, ureas activation, root nodule growth

Front 9

nitrogen

Back 9

general plant growth of roots, stem, leaf, flowers, and fruits

Front 10

phosphorus

Back 10

energy transferring processes for photosynthesis and respiration

Front 11

potassium

Back 11

cell extension and stomatal regulation, enzyme activation

Front 12

sulfur

Back 12

assimilation of oxidation reduction reactions, enzymatic processes

Front 13

zinc

Back 13

enzymatic functions and reactivity stem elongation protein and starch synthesis

Front 14

Abscisic Acid (ABA)

Back 14

lateral root inhibition, nutrient starvation, seed germination, adaptation to environmental stress, embryo maturation, defense response

Front 15

Auxin

Back 15

antagonistic effect on diseases susceptibility and resistance, defense response against pathogens, stimulates cells elongation, growth of pre existing roots

Front 16

Brassinosteroids

Back 16

growth, development, and physiological response

Front 17

cytokitin

Back 17

long distance signals for nitrogen assimilations, seed development, stem cell related genes

Front 18

ethylene

Back 18

defense from pathogen sand insect, root hair proliferation and elongation from low iron and potassium lateral roots

Front 19

Jasmonic acid

Back 19

defense from pathogens and insects

Front 20

salicylic acid

Back 20

systematic acquired resistance, seed germination