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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which of Descartes' ideas did Locke accept and which did he reject?
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He accepted many of Descartes' basic ideas regarding physics and physiology while rejecting the notion of a constantly active soul with a ready-made supply of innate ideas.
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Which of Descartes' ideas did Locke accept and which did he reject?
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He rejected Descartes' ideas of infinitely divisible material particles. He accepted the conscious soul.
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Which are two of Locke's most important works?
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'Essay concerning human understand' and 'two treatises of government'
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What are the two kinds of experiences the mind has accoding to Locke?
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1. Sensations of objects in the external world
2. Reflections of the mind's own operations |
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What are simple and complex ideas according to Locke?
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Simple ideas: ideas created through sensations and reflections
Complex ideas: combinations of simple ideas |
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Which 3 types of knowledge did Locke describe?
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intuitive, demonstrative and sensative
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Which 2 qualities did Locke describe and what did they mean?
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Primary qualities: perceived objects (solidity, extension, figure)
Secondary qualities: characteristics that derive as much from the sense organs as from objects themselves |
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What are associations of ideas according to Locke?
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experience can cause ideas to become linked together in infinitely carying combinations
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What is the law of association by contiguity and law of association by similarty according to Hume?
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law of association by contiguity: ideas experienced either simultaneously or in rapid succession will tend to be linked toheter in the futher
law of association by similarty: ideas/experiences that resemble each other will tend to be associated together |
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What is behaviorism?
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Explains all learning as the acquisition and interconnection of various neurologically mediated stimulus-response connections or reflexes and emphasized the extent to which individuals may be trained by their experience
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What are two of Leibniz major influences in creating his theories?
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Spinoza: pantheism, god is not an independent being, god is the universe
van Leeuwenhoek: small living microorganims |
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What is Leibniz' theory 'monadology' about?
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Supreme monads: omniscent, omnipotent (god)
Rational monads: conscious souls/human beings Sentient monads: living but nonhuman organisms Simple monads: bodies of all matter, organic/inorganic |
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What is psychophysical parallelism?
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a universe consisting of an infinity of energized, soul-like substances called monads, each monnad has its own innate purpose or destiny
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What are necessary truths according to Leibniz?
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Must have principles whose proof does not depend on instances nor, consequently, on the testimony of all senses, even though without the sense it would never occur to us to think of them
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