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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What event does the first heart sound(S1) correspond to?
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Mitral and tricuspid valve closure.
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What is a split S1?
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When the mitral valve closes before the tricuspid valve.
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What event does the second heart sound(S2) correspond to?
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Aortic and pulmonic valve closure
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What are the potentially pathological heart sounds?
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S3 and S4
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In what instances are the heart sounds not pathological?
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S3=normal in children
S4=always pathological |
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What pathology are the abnormal heart sounds associated with?
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S3=dilated congested heart failure
S4=hypertrophic ventricle |
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When would you hear the abnormal heart sounds?
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S3: at the end of the rapid ventriclular filling phase
S4: high atrial pressure/stiff ventricle and occurs between S2 and S1 |
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Describe the murmur of aortic stenosis.
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Ejection click followed by a midsystolic crescendo decrescendo murmur at second right interspace and radiates to carotids and apex.
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Describe the murmur of aortic regurgitation?
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Blowing early diastolic murmur at the aorta and left sternal border, apical diastolic rumble(Austin flint murmur, and midsystolic flow murmur at the base.
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Describe the murmur of mitral stenosis?
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Opening snap followed by a delayed rumbling diastolic murmur at apex.
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Describe the murmur of mitral regurgitation.
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Holosystolic high pitched blowing apical murmur at the left sternal border.
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Describe the murmur of mitral valve prolapse.
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Late systolic murmur with midsystolic click.
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describe the murmur of ventricular septal defect.
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Holosystolic murmur over entire precordium and heard maximally at the 4th left interspace.
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describe the murmur associated with patent ductus arteriosus>
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Continuous machine like murmur that is loudest at second left interspace.
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