Physiology Of Sport And Exercise 5Th Edition: Chapter 7

Front 1

alveoli

Back 1

terminal air sac at the end of the bronchial tree in the lungs where gas exchange takes place with the capillaries

Front 2

arterial mixed venous oxygen difference

Back 2

the difference in oxygen content between arterial and mixed venous blood which reflects the amount of oxygen removed by the whole body.

Front 3

arterial venous oxygen difference

Back 3

the difference in oxygen content between arterial and venous blood at the tissue level

Front 4

Boyle's gas law

Back 4

law stating that at a constant temperature the number of gas molecules in a given volume depends on the pressure.

Front 5

Dalton's law

Back 5

a principle that states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of those individual gases.

Front 6

expiration

Back 6

the process by which air is forces out of the lungs through relaxation of the inspiratory muscle and elastic recoil of the lung tissue which increase the pressure in the thorax.

Front 7

Fick's law

Back 7

law stating that the net diffusion rate of a gas across a fluid membrane is proportional to the difference in partial pressure proportional to the area of the membrane and inversely proportional to the thickness of the membrane

Front 8

external respiration

Back 8

the process of bringing air into the lungs and the resulting exchange of gas between the alveoli and the capillary blood.

Front 9

Henry's law

Back 9

law stating that gases dissolve in liquids in proportion to their partial pressures depending also on their solubilities in the specific fluids and on the temperature.

Front 10

inspiration

Back 10

the active process involving the diaphragm and the ecxernal intercostal muscles that expands the thoracic dimensions and thus the lungs. the expansion decreases pressure in the lungs allowing outside air to rush in.

Front 11

internal respiration

Back 11

the exchange of gases between the blood and tissue.

Front 12

myoglobin

Back 12

a compound similar to hemoglobin but found in muscle tissue that carries oxygen from the cell membrane to the mitochondria.

Front 13

oxygen diffusion capacity

Back 13

the rate at which oxygen diffuses from one place to another.

Front 14

partial pressure

Back 14

the pressure exerted by an individual gas in a mixture of gases/

Front 15

pulmonary diffusion

Back 15

the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood

Front 16

pulmonary ventilation

Back 16

the movement of gases into and out of the lungs.

Front 17

residual volume

Back 17

the amount of air that cannot be exhaled from the lungs.

Front 18

respiratory centers

Back 18

autonomic centers located in the medulla oblongata and the pons that establish breathing rate and depth.

Front 19

respiratory membrane

Back 19

the membrane separating alveolar air and blood composed of the alveoar wall the capillary wall and their basement membranes.

Front 20

respiratory pump

Back 20

passive movement of blood through the central circulation as a function of pressure changes during breathing

Front 21

spirometry

Back 21

the measurement of lung volumes and capacities.

Front 22

tidal volume

Back 22

the amount of air inspired or expired during a normal breathing cycle.

Front 23

total lung capacity

Back 23

the sum of vital capacity and residual volume.

Front 24

vital capacity

Back 24

the maximal volume of air expelled from the lungs after maximal inhalation.