Physiology Of Sport And Exercise 5Th Edition: Chapter 6

Front 1

arteries

Back 1

blood vessels that transport blood away from the heart.

Front 2

arterioles

Back 2

the smallest arteries that transport blood from larger arteries to the capillaries.

Front 3

barorecpetor

Back 3

stretch receptor located within the cardiovascular system that senses changes in blood pressure.

Front 4

bradycardia

Back 4

a resting heart rate lower than 60 beats/min.

Front 5

capillaries

Back 5

the smallest vessels transporting blood from the heart to the tissues and the actual sites of exchange between the blood and tissues.

Front 6

cardiac cycle

Back 6

the period that includes all events between two consecutive heartbeats.

Front 7

cardiac output

Back 7

the volume of blood pumped out by the heart per minute.

Front 8

chemoreceptor

Back 8

a sensory organ capable of reacting to a chemical stimulus.

Front 9

diastolic blood pressure

Back 9

the lowest arterial pressure, resulting from ventricular diastole (the resting phase)

Front 10

ejection fraction

Back 10

the fraction of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each contraction determined by dividing stroke volume by end diastolic volume and expressed as a percentage.

Front 11

electrocardiogram

Back 11

.a recording of the heart's electrical activity.

Front 12

electrocardiograph

Back 12

.a machine used to obtain an electrocardiogram

Front 13

end-diastolic volume

Back 13

the volume of blood inside the left ventricle at the end of distole just before contraction.

Front 14

end-systolic volume

Back 14

the volume of blood remaining in the left ventricle at the end of sustole just after contraction.

Front 15

extrinsic neural control

Back 15

redistribution of blood at the system or body level through neural mechanism.

Front 16

hematocrit

Back 16

the percentage of cells or formed elements in the total blood volume. more than 99% of the cells or formed elements are red blood cells.

Front 17

hematopoiesis

Back 17

increased red blood cell concentration by increased production of cells.

Front 18

hemoglobin

Back 18

the iron containing pigment in red blood cells that binds oxygen.

Front 19

intercalated disks

Back 19

specialized cell junctions in the myocardium where one muscle cell connects to the next.

Front 20

mean arterial pressure

Back 20

the average pressure exerted by the blood as it travels through the arteries.

Front 21

mechanoreceptors

Back 21

an end organ that responds to changes in mechanical stress such as stretch compression or distension.

Front 22

muscle pump

Back 22

the rhythmic mechanical compression of the veins that occurs during skeletal muscle contraction in many types of movement and exercise for example during walking and running and assists the return of blood to the heart.

Front 23

myocardium

Back 23

the muscle of the heart.

Front 24

pericardium

Back 24

a double layered outer covering of the heart.

Front 25

premature ventricular contraction

Back 25

a common cardiac arrhymia that results in the feeling of skipped or extra beats caused by impulses originating outside the SA node.

Front 26

Purkinje fibers

Back 26

the terminal branches of the AV bundle that transmit impulses through the ventricles six times faster than through the rest of the cardiac conduction system.

Front 27

sinoatrial node

Back 27

a group of specialized myocardial cells. located in the wall of the wall of the right atrium. that control the heart's rate of contraction the pacemaker of the heart.

Front 28

stroke volume

Back 28

the amount of blood ejected from the left ventricle during contraction the difference between the end diastolic volume and the end systolic volume.

Front 29

systolic blood pressure

Back 29

the greatest arterial blood pressure resulting from sustole (the contracting phase of the heart)

Front 30

tachycardia

Back 30

a resting heart rate greater than 100 beats-min

Front 31

vasoconstriction

Back 31

the constriction of narrowing of blood vessels.

Front 32

vasodilation

Back 32

the dilation or widening of blood vessels.

Front 33

veins

Back 33

blood vessels that transport blood back to the heart.

Front 34

ventricular fibrillation

Back 34

a serious cardiac arrhythmia in which the contraction of the ventricular tissue is uncoordinated affecting the heart's ability to pump blood.

Front 35

ventricular tacchycardia

Back 35

a serious cardiac arrhythmia consisting of three or more consecutive premature ventrular contractions.

Front 36

venules

Back 36

small vessels that transport blood from the capillaries to the veins and then back to the heart.