Physiology Exam 2 Muscle Physiology

Front 1

what type of muscle is voluntary?

Back 1

skeletal

Front 2

what are the 2 types of striated muscle?

Back 2

cardiac, skeletal

Front 3

what are the 2 types of involuntary muscles?

Back 3

cardian and visceral

Front 4

what type of muscle is smooth?

Back 4

visceral

Front 5

what is the percentage of skeletal muscle in a male and a female?

Back 5

42% Male
36% female

Front 6

What controls all skeletal muscle?

Back 6

somatic nervous system

Front 7

the more moveable attachment

Back 7

insertion

Front 8

the less moveable attachment

Back 8

origin

Front 9

decrease angle of joint

Back 9

flexors

Front 10

increase angle of joint

Back 10

extensors

Front 11

what is the prime mover of any skeletal movement

Back 11

agonist muscle

Front 12

muschels that act on the same joing to produce opposite actions than agonists

Back 12

antagonists

Front 13

what is the most distinctive feature of skeletal muscle?

Back 13

striations

Front 14

what is each muscle fiber packed with?

Back 14

myofibrils

Front 15

what is each myofibril packed with?

Back 15

myofilaments

Front 16

what are myofilaments composed of?

Back 16

thick and thin filaments that give rise to bands which underlie striations

Front 17

what is the thick filament called?

Back 17

myosin

Front 18

what are the thin filaments called? (3)

Back 18

actin, troponin, tropomyosin

Front 19

the area where actin and myosin don't overlap

Back 19

H band

Front 20

this is a light area that conntains thin filaments (mostly actin)

Back 20

I band

Front 21

what is at the center of the I band where the actins attach?

Back 21

Z line/ disc

Front 22

contraction requires what two things to interact?

Back 22

actin and myosin

Front 23

these are formed by heads of myosin molecules that extend toward the thin filament and interact with actin

Back 23

sites of interaction- cross bridges

Front 24

the ATP- binding site on each myosin head functions as an....

Back 24

ATPase

Front 25

when _____ levels are low, muscle is relaxed because actin and myosin are unable to interact; tropomyosin is blocking the binding sites on actin

Back 25

Ca2+

Front 26

how does skeletal muscle respire the 1st 45- 90 sec of moderate to heavy exercise?

Back 26

anaerobically

Front 27

where is most energy derived from during light exercise?

Back 27

fatty acids

Front 28

where is most energy derived from during moderate exercise?

Back 28

equally from fatty acids and glucose

Front 29

where is most energy derived from during heavy exercise?

Back 29

2/3 from glucose

Front 30

what are the 3 factors in the alterations in force of contraction?

Back 30

1. number of motor units activated
2. frequency of stimulation
3. length of muscle

Front 31

what includes the motor neuron and all fibers it innervates?

Back 31

motor unit

Front 32

what does force of contraction depend on?

Back 32

number of muscle fibers activated

Front 33

when is force generated?

Back 33

point of overlap between actin and myosin

max force at max overlap

Front 34

this occurs when muscle contracts and becomes rigid due to a lack of ATP required for relaxation... lasts 24- 36 hours after a person dies

Back 34

rigor mortis